Chrysanthemum seeds planting and care in the open field

Eastern wisdom advises everyone who wants to live a happy life to grow

chrysanthemums

... According to an ancient Chinese legend, the white dragon tried to encroach on the sun itself. He tore it with teeth and claws, and sparks fell to the ground and turned into yellow flowers, which were later called chrysanthemums. They are depicted on the Japanese coat of arms, coins and seals, which does not bother Asians

cook with chrysanthemums

cakes and salads. As a garden flower, chrysanthemum has been known for three millennia, but interest in it is only growing.

Breeders are constantly striving to get as large-flowered varieties as possible, but gardeners are more attracted to small-flowered Korean chrysanthemums, since they are resistant to low temperatures, are good outdoors in combination with other flowers, have high decorative qualities, bloom for a long time and profusely almost until November ... Therefore, it is not for nothing that chrysanthemum is considered the queen of autumn. In addition, it is grown in pots to decorate houses, and in cut form, it lasts for a long time - up to 30 days, so it is ideal for bouquets.

In the open field, chrysanthemum blooms in August and pleases with its lush flowers all autumn, withstand frosts down to -7 ° C. Depending on the variety, the stems reach a height of 30-80 cm and are decorated with double, semi-double and simple inflorescences of unusually diverse shades.

In the northern regions of Russia, it is believed that it is impossible to grow chrysanthemums outdoors, but in fact, they can successfully winter with light

hideouts

in central Russia and even in Siberia! In these areas, after cutting the stems, hemp 10-15 cm high is well spud

peat

, cover with foliage and insulate

spruce branches

.

Planting chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemums do not like the slightest shading and moisture retention, so the place for them should be sunny and at least slightly elevated. This is a guarantee that the shoots will not stretch, change the time and period of flowering. However, the root system of chrysanthemums is superficial, so the soil should not be overdried either.

The ideal soil for them is loose, moisture-permeable, with an optimal amount of various nutrients. With dense and low-fertile soil in the garden, a little peat, compost or rotted manure is introduced into the soil before planting cuttings, but do not abuse them, otherwise the plants will be too tall to the detriment of flowering. Add a small amount of coarse sand to the soil for drainage.The soil mixture is preferably neutral or slightly acidic.

The ideal day for planting is cloudy or rainy. In hot, sunny weather, plant cuttings in the early morning or late evening when the sun is less active. Pour holes 35-40 cm deep with plenty of water, put drainage, earth mixed with vermicompost in a ratio of 20: 1. Chrysanthemum is placed and covered with earth. The roots grow parallel to the soil, so they are not buried too deep. For tall varieties, additional support is needed.

Immediately after planting in the ground, the first pinching is carried out - the growth point on the plant is removed. 3 weeks after planting, break out the upper part of the shoot with 2-3 nodes - the second pinch. The first days after planting, artificially shade the seedlings so that they do not suffer from bright sunlight. The best option is a non-woven fabric, but it is advisable that it does not come into contact with the leaves.

Reproduction of chrysanthemums

Since varietal characteristics are not preserved when propagated by seeds, chrysanthemums are propagated

cuttings

, dividing the bushes or root shoots, which are separated from the mother bush.

In any case, it is necessary to plant and transplant chrysanthemums. in the spring, in May, when frosts and cold snaps pass. It is also acceptable at the beginning of summer - this will not affect the development of chrysanthemums.

In the next video, you can see the process of reproduction of chrysanthemums by dividing the bush in the spring.

If you got hold of the planting material closer to autumn, then plant it in the ground

until September 15 , so that before the onset of frost, the plants have time to take root well. If you did not have time during this period, then plant the seedling in a shallow wide pot, cutting it low. Send the container with chrysanthemum to a dark place to a warm loggia or a heated terrace, where until spring the temperature will be at the level of 4-6 ° C - these are the optimal conditions for the successful development of plants. Moisten the ground periodically throughout the winter.

From the end of February, chrysanthemums are planted in a greenhouse and watered more often. By the end of March, the shoots will grow back, and it will be possible to engage in cuttings - cut off the shoots no more than 10 cm.

Carefully plant the cuttings in a box filled with a mixture of earth, sand and humus in a 1: 2: 1 ratio, close tightly with glass. After a month, the cuttings will take root, they can be planted in wide containers. As soon as the danger of an unexpected cold snap passes, it will be possible to transplant the mother plant and seedlings into the ground.

Chrysanthemum care

The watering regime should be moderate, in which the root system will not rot from excess moisture. This despite the fact that chrysanthemum is quite hygrophilous. The exception is the dry period (during which water more abundantly so that the stems do not become rusty and the flowers do not lose their decorative effect) and the period before flowering. It is better to take water standing or rainwater.

Once a week, "feed" the flowers with mullein infusion (1:10), and before budding -

potash

and

phosphorus fertilizers

for lush bloom, sometimes

nitrogen

for building up green mass. Discard top dressing before flowering. During dressing, make sure that the fertilizer solution does not get on the leaves and cause burns.

Water only at the root .

For the development of young chrysanthemums, it is extremely important to ensure a balanced diet in the first two months, as the green mass is growing very actively. Burnt mullein and chicken droppings are very effective. The main rule is that it is better not to feed the plant than to burn it.

1. Pour a couple of buckets of mullein or a bucket of chicken droppings into a large container, fill with water, stir and let it infuse for three days - during this time the valuable highly concentrated fertilizer will be ready.
2. Prepare a solution: add 10 liters of water to 1 liter of concentrated infusion.
3. Apply 1 liter of solution under each plant only at the root and always on wet soil.

Further care for the chrysanthemum does not require much effort - regular watering, loosening, weeding, spraying from parasites.

Despite the fact that chrysanthemums tolerate the cold quite well, at the end of October, protect the flower bed from frost by placing a frame with plastic wrap on it - and you will admire the flowering of April cuttings for another month. You will remove the frame at the end of November, transplant the bushes into pots, and they will bloom on a warm, bright veranda even in January.

If you have recently been given a potted chrysanthemum, how to keep it until spring and planting in the garden, you can find out from the answer to the question "How to keep chrysanthemums until spring?" And the article The second life of a chrysanthemum from a bouquet is confirmation that the flower you like can be propagated by cuttings, even if you do not know the exact date of cutting.

Disease and pest control

Water-loving chrysanthemum, abundant watering, especially in the absence of rain, helps prevent the defeat of aphids and mites that cannot tolerate moisture.

Many harmful microorganisms and pathogens live in the soil.

diseases

, so after every rain, treat the plants with drugs for diseases (for example, Quadris or Previkur). Protects from root rot

Fitosporin

, it can be added to the irrigation water with every top dressing.

Of all the enemies of chrysanthemums (leaf rollers, snails, aphids, ticks, etc.), caterpillars are the most dangerous. Only one of them can eat several buds per night. So keep your ears open, review your plantings regularly and take action on time. Good preparations for fighting insects are Aktara, Aktellik, Ratibor, Iskra, Fitoverm, etc.

Types and varieties of chrysanthemums

The genus of chrysanthemums has more than 150 species, but in our garden they grow mainly their hybrids. The classification of chrysanthemums is quite complex. There are main garden groups of hybrid chrysanthemums:

• Korean (small-flowered, inflorescence 2-9 cm),
• Indian (large-flowered, inflorescence 10-25 cm),
• Chinese and Japanese.

By the structure of the flower varieties are divided into the following groups:

• simple,
• semi-double,
• anemone,
• terry,
• flat,
• hemispherical,
• spherical,
• curly,
• pompom,
• radial.

By the structure of the petal distinguish tubular and reed. For growing in the garden, the most popular chrysanthemums are Korean, they are unpretentious, beautiful, bloom for a long time. Large-flowered species are usually grown for cutting and flower arrangements. Here are a few popular small-flowered varieties for your garden.

Chrysanthemum Korean Alyonushka

Bright pink non-double inflorescences 5-6 cm in diameter. Bush up to 50 cm tall. Blooms in September.

Chrysanthemum Korean dune

Small orange-yellow flowers, 5 cm in diameter. The height of the bush is 60 cm.

Chrysanthemum Korean Snowball

Terry inflorescences, small, 56 cm in diameter, white with slightly pink tips. Bush up to 60 cm high.

Korean chrysanthemum Mishal

Small-flowered terry chrysanthemum, inflorescences 4-4.5 cm, pompom, lush, bright yellow. Blooms from September. Bush up to 40 cm high.

Chrysanthemum Korean Terracotta

Terry flowers, 5-6 cm in diameter, orange shades. The bush is 50-60 cm tall.

Chrysanthemum bush Saba

A very original chrysanthemum color with a yellow-green core and reddish-lilac sharp petals with a white border. The diameter of the flower is 5 cm, the height of the bush is 60-70 cm.

You can get acquainted with the recently fashionable variety series of large and small-flowered chrysanthemums by reading the publication

"Families" of chrysanthemums

.

Read more about chrysanthemums on our website:

• Chrysanthemum - a flower of longevity and transience of life
• The love story of the Japanese for chrysanthemums
• Chrysanthemum Legends
• Chinese chrysanthemums - the charm of antiquity
• Chrysanthemums of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden (very beautiful photos and descriptions of varieties)
• 8 queens of balls of chrysanthemums of Nikitsky botanical garden
• 17 personalized chrysanthemums of the autumn ball
• Old chrysanthemums in new optics

What chrysanthemums grow in your garden?

Chrysanthemum is one of the most beautiful herbaceous plants of the Astrov family. They are high, low, perennial, annual. They can be grown from seeds, seedlings, dividing the bush. It is easy to care for chrysanthemums, even an inexperienced gardener can handle these plants. In the article we will tell you about the cultivation of chrysanthemums, we will give recommendations for care.

Growing from seeds in a seedling and non-seedling way

From seeds, you can grow not only annual, but also perennial varieties. You can get a plant in two ways:

1. Sow seeds directly into the ground (seedless method);
2. Sow seeds for seedlings.

The seedless method of obtaining chrysanthemums is less laborious. However, this method has its drawback - the flowering of the plant can only be expected at the end of summer. For annual varieties, this method is not entirely successful. But perennial species can be grown in a seedless way. Read also the article: → "How to grow a chrysanthemum from seeds."

Ball-shaped chrysanthemums in the garden

Before sowing seeds, you need to prepare the garden bed. It is better to do this in May with the arrival of heat. In the southern regions, sowing dates are shifted by a month, and it is possible to sow seeds in open ground in April. Then:

1. The garden is watered.
2. As soon as the water is completely absorbed, holes are made at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other. Embedding depth no more than 1.5 cm.
3. Each planting place fits 2-3 chrysanthemum seeds.
4. From above, the plant is sprinkled with soil.
5. The bed is covered with a film before the first shoots appear. It will help maintain moisture and prevent the top layer of the earth from drying out.
6. After three weeks, the first shoots will appear. From this point on, the film is removed.
7. Seedling care is simple: they need to be watered in a timely manner, fertilized, loosened, and weeds removed.

Tip # 1. As soon as the sprouts are opened according to the third true leaf, they are thinned out, leaving one in the nest. The rest can be sent to a permanent place.

To grow seedlings, you need to prepare the soil, containers, seeds. For germination of seeds, a container is taken, at least 6 cm deep. Prepared soil is poured into it. Seeds are laid out on top of the soil at a distance of at least 3 cm from each other. Separate containers such as cups can be used. They sow 2-3 seeds in a nest. From above, the seeds are sprinkled with sand, a layer of 1 cm.

Crops are watered and covered with glass or a transparent plastic bag. At a temperature of 18-20 degrees, they emerge in 2-3 weeks. As soon as the shoots hatch, the shelter is removed. In an open container, the earth will dry out quickly, and the shoots may die. It is important to monitor the soil and irrigate in a timely manner.

Soil preparation for growing flowers

Growing chrysanthemums at home with seedlings

When sowing chrysanthemums seedlings, it is important to properly form the soil. The following mixture will be ideal (taken in equal parts):

• humus;
• peat;
• sifted flower land for greenhouses (sold in stores).

The mixture must be disinfected. This can be done by spilling the composition twice with boiling water or by heating the composition in the oven at 130 degrees for 15 minutes. You can use a solution of potassium permanganate for disinfection, diluting it to a rich red color. Read also the article: → "How to root a chrysanthemum from a bouquet."

Seed sowing dates

When growing chrysanthemums from seeds, it is important to observe the sowing time. They will be different for annual and perennial plant varieties.

Sowing dates	Flowering, annual chrysanthemums	Flowering, perennial chrysanthemums
End of February	The beginning of June	July - early August
March	Early July	August
April	End of July - beginning of August	September - early October
May (seeding in OG)	From mid-August	Rarely bloom in late October.Chrysanthemums usually bloom the next year.

Flowering of chrysanthemums of annual varieties, most often occurs three months after the emergence of seedlings. Perennial varieties bloom later, after about 4-4.5 months.

Temperature and lighting for growing seedlings from seeds

Growing chrysanthemums from seeds is not an easy way

When sowing seeds, it is important to observe the correct temperature and lighting conditions. It depends on how quickly the sprouts will appear and how they will develop. Seed germination occurs at a temperature not lower than 18 degrees. If you plan to sow directly into open ground, then it is better to do this not earlier than May, when the danger of frost has passed.

For the southern regions, sowing can be done a month earlier. When growing in seedlings, it is important to provide good lighting. The March crops will have enough daylight, but the February seedlings must be supplemented (at least 12 hours a day).

Seedling watering rules

After sowing the seeds, it is important to maintain the moisture in the topsoil. For this, the soil in containers is sprayed from a spray bottle. As soon as sprouts appear, you can water with a watering can with a spray nozzle or very gently along the side of the container. It is necessary to water the seedlings as the soil dries up. If the earth dries up completely, then small, not yet matured sprouts die.

Chrysanthemum seedlings in a pot

After blooming the second true leaf, the watering intensity is slightly reduced. At this time, the roots penetrate deeper into the earthen lump and can use moisture in the lower layers. Therefore, watering the seedlings from this period should not be immediately, but let it dry for a few hours.

Tip # 2. It is necessary to loosen the soil between waterings. This will allow the roots to breathe and develop faster. The ideal scheme would be: watering - loosening - watering.

Fertilizers for feeding chrysanthemums

Different varieties of plants have their own preferences for the composition of fertilizers.

Chrysanthemum varieties	Fertilizer type	Compound	Solution preparation, dosage
Annuals	Phosphorus-potassium, nitrogen, vitamins and minerals	30 g nitrogen, 30 g phosphorus, 50 g potassium	Everything is mixed and diluted with 10 liters of water. The mixture consumption is 3 liters per plant
Perennial	Nitrogen-potassium fertilizers with a high potassium content	25 grams of phosphorus, 25 grams of nitrogen, 45 grams of potassium	Phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen are mixed in the specified proportion and diluted in 10 liters of water. It is watered at the root at the rate of 5 liters per adult plant.

Annual plants go through a faster growing season, so they need more fertilizer than perennial crops. For feeding, you can use:

• Saltpeter;
• Phosphate-potassium fertilizer;
• Biohumus;
• Agricola for flowering plants, seedlings;
• A blank sheet for flowering plants.

Vermicompost, Agricola and a clean sheet contain not only nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, but also useful microelements and vitamins.  reviews of gardeners about fertilizer Agricola. Other types of fertilizers contain mainly one substance. This can be nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium. Read also the article: → "Planting and caring for chrysanthemums in the open field."

Fertilizer for chrysanthemums

Varieties of annual and perennial chrysanthemums

The seeds can be used to grow different varieties of chrysanthemums, both annuals and perennials.

Perennial	Annuals
Indian varieties (grown as a room culture, since these species die in freezing conditions): Gazell, Valentina Tereshkova, Alec Bedser, and others; Korean varieties: Altyn Ai, Vivat Botaniku, Bayram, Dina, Zemfira, Duslyk 450, etc.	"German flag", "bride dress", "Eldorado", "Autumn bouquet", "Shisu" and others.

Prevention of diseases and pests

Chrysanthemums, like other plants, are often exposed to pests and diseases. Of the pests, they are most often affected by aphids, spider mites.Various chemicals are used against them: Karbofos, Aktara, Aktellik.

• You can use infusions on natural ingredients, for example, tobacco dust, taken at the rate of 500 grams per bucket of water. 50 grams of laundry soap is added to the composition. The solution is infused for two days.
• Garlic infusion showed a good effect on pests. To prepare it, you will need to pass 400 grams of garlic through a meat grinder. The resulting gruel is diluted in a bucket of water and the plants are immediately treated.
• With thickened plantings, there is a high risk of developing a nematode. Signs of defeat are pale leaves, twisting, and ugliness of the buds. To combat the nematode, it is recommended to change the landing sites. In place of chrysanthemums, it is recommended to plant onions, cereals, garlic and other types of plants that do not subject disease. When transplanting, the roots of chrysanthemums are well washed with water, if necessary, the bushes are divided. If any part of the plant is infected, then the bush is completely utilized (burned).
• In unfavorable regions, gray rot, powdery mildew can cause harm to plants. For the prevention and treatment of these diseases of chrysanthemums, it is recommended to carry out the treatment by three spraying of Fundazole, copper oxychloride or Bordeaux liquid. Dilute the preparations according to the instructions on the package.

To prevent the occurrence of any disease, thickened plantings should be avoided. When watering, water should not fall on the leaves. It is also important to remove fallen leaves and plant residues in time. The table below shows the most common types of chrysanthemum diseases.

Name	Description of the disease	Method of struggle
Septoria (leaf spot)	It manifests itself in the form of spots on the leaves. At first they are yellow, then they turn brown, they can turn black. First of all, the lower leaves are affected, gradually the disease rises up.	Remove all diseased leaves. Treat the plant with a preparation: Copper sulfate, Hom, Ditan M-45, Rovral, profit, Ordan, Glyokladin. It is necessary to dilute the product strictly according to the instructions.
Rust	Pale areas of damaged leaves, powdery orange spots appear on the plant. Affected bushes do not bloom well.	All affected parts of the plant are removed. With a thickened planting, thinning should be carried out to improve ventilation. When watering, it is necessary to avoid getting water on the leaves. In case of severe damage, the plant is processed. For this, preparations are used that contain sulfur: Bordeaux liquid, ABiga-Peak, Poliram, Strobi.
Plant wilting (fusarium wilting)	Plant pathology is manifested by browning, yellowing of the leaves. Affected bushes of plants lag behind in development, do not bloom. Getting into the soil, the roots become infected and the flow of water into the plant cells is blocked.	Destruction of all infected parts of chrysanthemums. Plant only varieties that are resistant to wilting. Raise soil pH to 7.0. Treatment of plants with a mixture of boric acid and potassium permanganate in a 1: 1 ratio. The composition is abundantly processed and watered under the root of chrysanthemum bushes in June. Treatment with bio fungicides: Agat-25K, Fitomporin-M, Baktofit, Vitaros, Maxim. The drugs are diluted and applied in accordance with the instructions.

The use of chrysanthemums in landscape design

Chrysanthemums are a real find for decorating the landscape. In plantings, they are often combined with evergreens such as spruces, junipers, pines and other conifers. They are also used to decorate mixborders. For this, varieties are used with very different colors, but the same height.

Landscape designers advise using chrysanthemums of different colors to create stylish compositions. Each shade has its own unusual background. For example, white and yellow varieties look perfect against a green lawn.

Chrysanthemums help add vibrant colors to the landscape

Chrysanthemum belongs to unpretentious plants. It grows well in any territory, regardless of the climatic zone. It is important for her that the location is well lit. Otherwise, the plant is not whimsical, it is easy to care for it.

Answers to the most frequently asked questions

Question number 1. Is it better to plant chrysanthemum seeds in peat tablets or in the ground?

Seeds germinate equally well in tablets and in soil. But the tablets have some advantage: if necessary, the seedlings were transferred to a larger container, the plant in the tablet is more conveniently transplanted. To do this, you just need to put a peat tablet in a container with soil. Transplanting seedlings without pills is more difficult. Her roots are injured. After such transplants, the seedlings get sick and take a long time.

Question number 2. When to plant seedlings in a permanent place?

The resulting seedlings are planted in a permanent place when the night temperature does not drop below 15 degrees.

Question number 3. Do I need to pinch chrysanthemum sprouts?

In order for the plant to begin to bush as early as possible, it is pinched. If this is not done, then the chrysanthemum will still begin to bush, but only when the central branch gains its growth.

Question number 4. Where is it better to grow chrysanthemum seedlings on a windowsill or in a greenhouse?

Seeds germinate at temperatures from 18 degrees. If it is lower, then the seeds will germinate for a long time. On the windowsill, the temperature stays at about the same level - about 18 degrees, and in the greenhouse, at night, it can drop to 10 degrees and below. Therefore, it is best to grow chrysanthemum seedlings from seeds on the windowsill, and from the moment 3-5 true leaves appear, it can be taken out to the greenhouse.

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Chrysanthemums are very beautiful flowers of various shades that can decorate various rooms. At home, they grow very well, without causing much trouble in their maintenance and care. These plants are quite unpretentious and tolerate a drop in temperature well. They do not fade for a long time when cut, so they are often used in autumn bouquets. Many people think that chrysanthemums can only be grown by rooting a shoot or dividing a bush. However, this miracle can also be grown from seeds.

Description of the plant

Chrysanthemum is loved by many gardeners not only for its beautiful flowering, but also for the fact that it is one of the last to bloom and pleases the eye with its gorgeous appearance until the very cold weather. This flower in vivo found in China, North America, Asia and Europe... Chrysanthemum has many varieties, numbering about 150 pieces.

The cultivation of this flower takes place both at home and in the summer cottage. In the latter case, only two varieties are used:

• Korean;
• ground chrysanthemum.

It belongs to the Asteraceae family of Compositae. It begins to bloom in September and ends in a month, in October. The height of the shrub is from 30 to 110 cm... The higher it is, the more flowers are formed on it, and under favorable conditions, up to 100 inflorescences with a double or semi-double surface can appear. The branched roots of the plant can penetrate the soil to a depth of 20 cm.

For growing on personal plots, the following types of chrysanthemums are most often acquired:

• Alpine;
• Crowned;
• Keeled;
• Shrub;
• Chinese;
• Korean.

Hybrid varieties tolerate temperature extremes and bad weather much easier. They are less likely to be affected by pests and various diseases, and they differ in a long flowering period.

How to grow a chrysanthemum from seeds?

Growing a flower from seeds does not require special conditions and does not take much time. Chrysanthemum is unpretentious and easily adapts to various environmental conditions. You need to know that not all types of such a plant are grown from seeds, but only Korean small-flowered and some annuals... All other species are obtained by cuttings or dividing the bush.

The seeds of annual chrysanthemums can be sown directly into open ground. This is usually done in mid-May, flowering in this case will come only in autumn. In order to see flowers early, it is best to plant seedlings that quickly adapt to open ground. Seeds of perennial flowers are sown at the end of January. If the winter is too harsh, then this process is postponed to February.

Such flowers should be grown in light soil, which is prepared according to the following scheme:

• one part of humus;
• one piece of sand;
• two pieces of leafy land.

Growing chrysanthemums at home must be carried out in a container, on the bottom of which gravel, expanded clay or any other material that acts as drainage is laid. Seeds of annual flowers are planted to a depth of no more than 1 cm... If the chrysanthemum is Korean, then in this case the seeds must be laid out on the surface. The emergence of sprouts should be expected in two weeks, and under favorable conditions this period is usually shortened.

Seedlings should be grown at an ambient temperature of +18 degrees. The soil must be constantly moist, so it must be systematically sprayed with a spray bottle so that it does not dry out. It is best to use warm and settled water. After the appearance of several true leaves, the plants begin to dive into separate containers.

Planting chrysanthemums in open ground

Growing a flower outdoors is quite simple, but you still need to adhere to certain conditions.

Lighting

Seedlings in open ground are transplanted at the beginning of summer, and in good weather conditions they do it a little earlier. In this case, you should focus on the temperature of the soil, which should warm up to +14 degrees. The area where chrysanthemums will grow should be well lit by sunlight.... Since most varieties begin to bloom in the fall, the light regime is as natural as possible.

If the chrysanthemum suffers from a lack of sun, then only flower buds begin to form, and with an excess of it, mainly axillary buds, stems and leaves will be laid. Thus, in order for the flower to develop normally, it needs a normal daylight hours.

Windless and flat area

The plant does not like drafts and wind, so it is best to grow chrysanthemums near the house or fence. Besides, for such flowers it is necessary to find a flat area... This is explained by the fact that in the lowland, due to melting snow, water will begin to drain and flood the chrysanthemum. This can also happen during rainy weather.

Care

After the seedlings are planted, it must be properly cared for. First of all, the chrysanthemum must be watered after planting. Lack of moisture will not allow the formation of flower buds, from which inflorescences subsequently grow. Excess moisture is not terrible for the plant, but too juicy shoots can freeze during autumn frosts.

Chrysanthemum care includes applying fertilizers to the soil, and in moderation. It is necessary to alternate feeding using mineral and organic fertilizers... First, nitrogen fertilizing is introduced, and during the laying of buds - phosphorus-potassium. In addition, you should regularly loosen the soil and remove weeds.

Diseases and pests

Chrysanthemums are usually not prone to serious illness. Mostly they are affected by spider mites, but with the help of a soap solution it is easy to get rid of it. Instead of this, you can use the solution "Piterium"... Earth parasites should not be feared either. Aphids that can grow in the flowers themselves do no harm and can be easily washed off with water.

Thus, growing from seeds and caring for a chrysanthemum is a fairly simple matter. Some species can be grown both outdoors and at home.Adhering to certain recommendations, you can achieve a gorgeous flowering in the fall, which will delight the eye for a long time.

Despite the fact that chrysanthemums are unpretentious flowers, it is still important to understand all the nuances of caring for them. After all, they can also get sick, suffer from pests or improper conditions of detention. In order for these beautiful autumn flowers to be covered with buds and bright green leaves, it is important to plant, water and fertilize them correctly. You will learn about all this from this article, which describes the perennial garden chrysanthemum, planting and caring for it.

When is the best time to plant?

In order for you to successfully grow perennial chrysanthemums, the planting of these flowers must be carried out correctly. To do this, it is important to immediately mention that they can be planted both in spring and autumn. When is it better to do this? Chrysanthemums are best taken when planted in early spring. During the warm season, they root well, grow and even bloom by autumn. If you plant flowers in August-October, then it will be difficult to achieve flowering in the same year. At the same time, if the plant does not take root well in the fall, it may simply not survive the winter. But since in life not everything turns out according to the rules, you can plant when it works out. Subject to all planting rules, the plant should take root in any case.

Chrysanthemum perennial, planting and care, photo of spring planting

Planting chrysanthemums in spring is good for several reasons:

1. The plant has a long time to root and is likely to bloom by fall.
2. Perennial flowers planted in spring have enough strength for a successful wintering.
3. The plant does not tolerate high humidity. In autumn, such conditions can be difficult to organize, because at this time prolonged rains can begin.

Since spring, all flowers take root better and faster. Even if there are problems with this, by the fall, most likely, they will be able to be neutralized. With the autumn planting, you do not have much time. If the chrysanthemum could not root or did it badly, then it simply will not overwinter. As you can see, spring planting carries fewer risks.

True, the spring planting has a minus. You cannot know exactly what kind of planting material you have. Since chrysanthemums do not bloom in spring and summer, you cannot determine either the color or the size of the flowers at this time. That is, you have to rely entirely on the good faith of the seller.

Plant chrysanthemums in a place where they will receive a lot of sunlight. If the flower is in the shade, there is a high probability that its stems will begin to stretch up too much. This will happen to the detriment of flowering.

It is also worth planting chrysanthemums on a hill. Let it be very small, but it will be. This will allow excess moisture that this flower does not like to drain down.

The soil for the chrysanthemum should be loose. It is good if it is breathable and permeable. In such a land, the roots of chrysanthemums will receive enough oxygen, moisture and nutrients. Before planting a flower, you can throw a little compost or nitrogen fertilizer into the prepared hole. This will stimulate rapid establishment and growth of the plant. But you don't need to be too zealous with feeding.

Perennial chrysanthemums: planting and care in the fall

Perennial chrysanthemums can also be planted in the fall. This method is less preferable, but it also has a right to exist. The advantage of planting at this time is that you can visually identify which flowers are in front of you. In particular, you can have an idea of ​​the color palette, the size of the inflorescences, the height of the bush. This will help you choose the right place for planting so that the chrysanthemums look as beautiful as possible.

With all this, planting in the fall carries with it many risks. The plant needs time to take root before frost. If you plant it too late, then this will not happen at the proper level. The flower will be weak and simply will not overwinter.Therefore, it is advisable to plant chrysanthemums in August, September and the first half of October. Anything planted later is likely to die.

The conditions for planting chrysanthemums in the fall should be the same as in the spring. This plant does not change its preferences depending on the season.

See the photo. Chrysanthemum garden perennial planting and care.

Growing from cuttings

Chrysanthemums can be grown from cuttings. An ordinary flower included in the bouquet is suitable for this. Of course, it is better to choose the strongest and bright green specimens, as they take root faster and better. The next step is to do the following:

1. Pinch the top of the handle. It is best to do this without cutting off, but breaking off the top. Thus, you deprive the stalk of the flowering part, which pulls extra strength from the plant.
2. Place the cutting in activated charcoal water. Here he will have to put down roots. You can also use special root formers, which are sold in large quantities in flower shops.
3. When the plant takes root, it should be planted. Since, most likely, it will be autumn (it is at this time that chrysanthemums bloom), it is better not to plant the plant in open ground, but to use a pot.
4. In the spring, when the chrysanthemum is already a little older, you can transplant it outside.

You can bypass all these processes and immediately plant a chrysanthemum flower in the ground. To do this, you need a stalk with at least 7 leaves. At the same time, the three lower ones need to be broken off, and the cutting should be buried in the ground. Since with this method of planting the plant does not yet have roots, it must be constantly kept in moisture. Water this chrysanthemum often to get it set.

Perennial chrysanthemum from seeds: planting and care

Chrysanthemums are usually propagated by dividing the queen cells and cuttings. But these are not all kinds of methods. These flowers can still be sown with seeds. It is necessary to collect them after ripening, in late autumn. Seeds are planted in the spring immediately in the ground or in a flowerpot.

If you decide to plant chrysanthemum seeds directly in open ground, then do it in May. It is at this time that it is quite warm and humid outside. After planting, the seeds need to be watered frequently. With all efforts, expect the first shoots not earlier than August.

When planting seeds in open ground, throw 2-3 seeds in one hole. This is done for better germination. Then, if suddenly the plants are too densely planted, they can be thinned out.

Chrysanthemums planted in this way will not bloom by autumn. Most likely, the buds will appear a year after the plant has overwintered.

There is no guarantee that chrysanthemums will sprout successfully. That is why many growers prefer to grow chrysanthemum seedlings. To do this, you need to sow flower seeds in a flowerpot. This is done at the end of February - mid-March. After sowing, the seeds need constant moisture. You can also cover the flowerpot with plastic wrap. It will create a greenhouse effect, which will contribute to the early emergence of seedlings. The air temperature in the room with seedlings should be at least 18 degrees. When the plants germinate, they will need to be transplanted individually into disposable cups and exposed to light. The film can be removed from them.

When the seedlings grow up a little, they will need to be pinned, that is, break off the tops. This will provoke the formation of side shoots. You will get lush, symmetrical bushes. They can be planted outside in May. By the fall, buds are already formed on them, and then flowers.

How to care for perennial chrysanthemums in spring

Spring grooming does not require a lot of hassle, provided the planting has been done correctly. In order for the plant to grow well in spring, it is necessary to monitor the moisture and nutritional value of the soil. The latter is especially important if the chrysanthemum has been growing in a certain place for more than a year. In this case, she definitely needs top dressing. Nitrogen is used for good growth.If a chrysanthemum has been growing in one place for more than 3 years, then it is advisable not only to feed it with fertilizers, but also to transplant it.

How to improve conditions for chrysanthemums in the summer

In the hot summer period, it is important to water the chrysanthemum on time, as well as make nitrogen and potassium supplements. During this period, you need to pinch the tops of the plant so that beautiful bushes form. This is important for future flowering. After all, if a plant grows too tall, few buds are formed on it.

By the beginning of August, nitrogen fertilization must already be stopped, since too much greenery grows from them, and this is to the detriment of flowering. If you overdo it with nitrogen, you can get huge green bushes with a minimum of flowers.

By the end of August, it is necessary to apply phosphate fertilizer. It will just provoke the appearance of many beautiful buds.

It is worth noting that chrysanthemum can suffer from pests in the summer. They appear when there is a lot of moisture, which happens after rain or over-watering. If suddenly you notice traces of fungi, then spray the plant with Fitosporin. Also use a caterpillar repellent.

Autumn and preparation for wintering

In order for the chrysanthemum to overwinter successfully, flower growers also use phosphorus-potassium dressings. They increase the frost resistance of plants.

Further wintering depends on the type of chrysanthemum. There are more frost-resistant varieties that are left in the garden for the winter. Vulnerable specimens are dug up in late autumn and stored in the cellar until spring.

If you nevertheless decide to leave chrysanthemums outside for the winter, make sure that there are no holes next to it. This is necessary so that a lot of moisture does not accumulate around the plant.

Before freezing, it is advisable to sprinkle chrysanthemum roots with dry leaves and small twigs. This will protect them. You can also cover the flowers with foil on cold winter days.