Hemerokallis daylilies planting and care in the open field

The daylily plant is boldly called a culture for lazy gardeners. Even the almost complete lack of care does not prevent its gorgeous flowering. You can decorate the garden with daylilies "savages", as well as hybrids and varieties of incredible beauty, bred by breeders.

They are called flowers of joy - one cannot but rejoice when looking at bright flowers. They believe that they bring good luck, taking all the sorrows and sorrows away.

The culture prefers sunlight, but feels good in light shading (enough active lighting of the site for 6 hours a day). They do not impose special requirements on the composition of the soil, they successfully grow in one place for many years, forming lush, flowering thickets. Perfectly adapted to the vagaries of the weather.

When does daylily bloom?

• Daylilies flowering time: active flowering occurs in April-June.

For the successful cultivation of a daylily, several points should be determined: which place to choose, when and how to plant, which, even if minimal, care is required.

Place for planting daylily

Flowers daylilies in the garden photo

It is very important to immediately choose the right site for growing, since daylilies are long-livers. Curtains with beautiful multi-colored corollas cost about 15 years without transplanting.

When choosing a site for growing a daylily, keep in mind that it develops best under bright lighting. At the same time, it is not afraid of drafts and strong gusts of wind. In such conditions, most garden crops will feel uncomfortable - daylilies are very helpful.For free growth, provide it with space that will not be limited to shrubs, trees, large herbaceous plants. They can compete with the plant.

Experienced gardeners recommend choosing the most illuminated places for planting daylilies of light colors, while shaded areas should be selected for multi-colored, red, purple ones.

Please note that the root system should not suffer from the close occurrence of groundwater and spring flooding.

Dates for planting daylilies in open ground

What flowers to plant daylilies photo

The time of planting daylilies in open ground can be attributed to the benefits of the plant. This can be done throughout the warm season. Nothing prevents you from transplanting until the fall.

Spring planting is most successful - seedlings quickly take root and grow, flowering will come in the same season. If the weather is cold, the planting material outside the ground can be stored for about a month: sprinkle the root system with sand or a sand-peat mixture, you can shift it with a damp cloth. At the same time, cut the leaf plates in half or 1/3 to reduce the plant's need for moisture.

If the summer is not hot, you can land at this time.

When planting in autumn, there is a riskthat before the onset of cold weather the plants will not have time to take root, may freeze in winter, or, if they do not die, will be weak. For the winter, young plantings should be covered with earth, mulch the soil with foliage or straw.

• According to experienced gardeners, in the middle lane, the most favorable months for planting a daylily are May and August.

Planting a daylily in the spring in open ground

How to plant a daylily photo

The seedlings should be prepared for planting. Examine them, remove dry, damaged or rotten roots. Treat the cut sites with a fungicide. Greens can be pruned, departing 10-15 cm from the base of the leaf plates.

If the roots are dry by the time of planting in open ground, the seedlings should be soaked for 4 hours in a solution with a growth stimulator.

Daylily grows well in loose, light soil of a neutral or slightly acidic reaction - this is ordinary garden soil.

• Dig the area to the depth of a full bayonet of the shovel. Dilute clay soil or loam with rotted manure, compost and sand.
• Make the planting holes to the size of the root system.
• If the soil is depleted, prepare a nutrient mixture: humus and peat with the addition of 30 g of potassium and phosphorus per 1 bucket of substrate.
• Pour earth with a slide into the planting hole, place the seedling on top of the soil, carefully distribute the rhizome so that the roots do not bend.
• Sprinkle with earth and lightly compact the soil around the seedling, water, the root collar can be deepened by 2-3 cm.
• Maintain a distance of 70 cm between individual plants.

To reduce moisture evaporation, you can mulch the soil around the plant. Use materials at hand (tree bark, pine needles, straw). The daylily is planted in the same way in summer and autumn.

How to care for daylilies in the garden

Daylily care procedures are minimal: water, periodically loosen the soil, remove weeds.

Watering

An actively growing and flowering daylily needs regular watering. Faded leaves indicate a lack of moisture, buds may be discarded. In the heat, water abundantly so that the soil is soaked 20-30 cm (to the depth of the root system). Also, the daylily will respond excellently to shallow sprinkling. Reduce watering if there is sufficient rainfall.

The best time for water treatments is evening or early morning - there is no risk of burns.

Top dressing

In the first season after planting, the plant has enough nutrients. From the second year, start feeding. Use complex mineral fertilizers. The proportion of nitrogen should be moderate so as not to provoke excessive tillering to the detriment of flowering.Feed in the spring, a couple of times in the summer. Closer to autumn, add potassium-phosphorus fertilizing to strengthen the plant for wintering.

Shelter for the winter

The plant's frost resistance is high, but the daylily can suffer during snowless winters. Cover with needles, spruce branches or other materials at hand. Free you from the shelter as soon as the snow begins to melt so that the root collar does not overheat and does not melt.

Reproduction of daylilies

Usually, the daylily is propagated vegetatively (dividing a bush, rooting a leaf rosette). When seed propagation from their seeds, there is a loss of varietal differences - therefore, a daylily is grown from seeds only if they were purchased from a trusted manufacturer.

When to plant a daylily or why it doesn't bloom

The most lush flowering of the daylily bush occurs in the first 5-7 years, then peduncles among the lush greenery appear less often, and the inflorescences become smaller. The situation can be corrected by the usual division of the bush. An unpretentious culture easily tolerates the process of division and transplantation.

Daylily propagation by dividing the bush

• To divide the daylily bush, gently dig in on all sides to remove it along with the root system.
• The resulting planting material is carefully divided into separate parts with a knife so that at least one green shoot with a part of the rhizome remains.

How to split a daylily bush photo

• The resulting cuttings are planted as described above.

Reproduction of daylily by air children - proliferators

Proliferation - another way of breeding daylily. What he really is? This is the rooting of leaf rosettes formed on the peduncle (proliferation). They should be well developed.

Reproduction of daylily Photo of cut prolifera

• Wait until the upper part of the peduncle going to the outlet dries out, then cut out a part of the peduncle with the outlet and place it in water for rooting.

How to propagate daylilies with photo proliferators

• Shorten the leaves by 1/3 of the length.
• You can add a couple of drops of a growth stimulant.

Prolifera gave roots photo

• When the roots are 4-5 cm long, plant in pots with light soil and grow indoors until spring.
• Transplant into open ground at the end of April or beginning of May.

Growing a daylily from seeds at home

How to grow a daylily from seeds at home photo

• You can plant a daylily with seeds at home already at the end of February.
• Daylily seeds are large enough. Before planting, they are soaked by spreading them out on wet small pebbles, perlite or damp cloth.
• When the seeds hatch, they are carefully planted in separate cups or pots filled with universal seedling soil.
• There must be drain holes in the bottom of the container.

Daylily seedlings from seeds photo

• Seedlings are grown on a warm sunny window.
• Regularly watered without stagnant moisture, fed 1-2 times a month with complex fertilizers.
• At the end of May, when there is no more frost, daylily seedlings can be planted in the ground.
• Temper the plants in advance for 1-2 weeks.

Daylily species with photos and names

3 species of daylily are cultivated.

Daylily brown-yellow Hemerocallis fulva

Daylily brown-yellow Hemerocallis fulva photo

Six-petal corollas of orange hue flaunt on a peduncle of one meter height.

Daylily yellow Hemerocallis flava

Daylily yellow Hemerocallis flava photo

Corollas of a dusty yellow shade droop slightly.

Daylily lemon yellow Hemerocallis citrine

Daylily lemon yellow Hemerocallis citrine cultivar baroni photo

Corollas of a lemon-yellow hue reach a diameter of about 10 cm.

There are about 30,000 varieties of daylily - the painstaking work of breeders.

They can be divided according to the shape of the inflorescences:

• Simple (closest to natural species);
• Terry (have a double, triple set of petals);
• Arachnids (elongated petals make the flower look like this insect);
• Unusual or indefinite shape;
• Multiforms (can be attributed to several groups at once).

Daylilies are distinguished by the flowering period:

• Dates are early and late, there are varieties with wave flowering (several times per season).
• There are also day and night views.

Height classification:

• Miniature varieties 30-40 cm high (corolla diameter 7-8 cm)
• Tall, reaching a maximum height of 1.5 m (corolla diameter can reach 15-17 cm).

The best varieties of daylily with photo names and descriptions

Daylily hybrid Frans Hals Frans Hals photo of flowers

Frans Hals - plant height 60-80 cm, the peduncle ends with yellow-orange corollas with a wavy edge, the diameter is 12-15 cm.

Daylily Bonanza Hemerocallis Bonanza photo

Bonanza - in the center of the yellow corolla there is a sputtering of a wine-red tint. Differs in regular flowering, high frost resistance.

There are varieties of daylilies whose inflorescences resemble gladioli in appearance:

Daylily 'Longfields Pearl' Longfields Pearl photo

Longfields Pearl - flowers of a yellow-cream shade bloom in August, delighting until mid-autumn. The corolla diameter is 10 cm.

Daylily Stella De Oro Stella De Oro photo

Stella De Oro - the height of the bush is 30-40 cm. The yellow corollas are 6-7 cm. It has a long flowering period. The crumb will become a real star of the garden: undersized bushes will look spectacular along the paths, in border plantings.

New varieties of daylilies:

Daylily Katerina Woodbury Catherine Woodbery photo

Catherine Woodbery - the petals of a classic daylily shape have a quivering lilac shade that changes depending on the lighting (under the bright sun it becomes pink-yellow, and in shade it shows a lilac-pink sophistication). Diameter - 12-16 cm.

Daylily Night Bacon Night Beacon photo

Night Beacon - a colorful contrast of the yellow-green heart and purple petals, does not fade under the sun. Corollas reach a diameter of 8 cm.

Daylily Double River Wye Hemerocallis Double River Wye photo

Double River Wye - terry corollas with a diameter of about 12 cm, the color is deep yellow.

Daylily bestseller Hemerocallis Bestseller photo

Bestseller - the height of the bush is 60-70 cm. Large corollas (14 cm in diameter) impress with their shape and color. They are simple, but along the edges of the pink-purple petals there is a convoluted frill of a greenish-yellow hue.

Daylily Divas Choice Hemerocallis Diva's Choice photo

Diva's Choice - in the depths of the neck there is a spot of a creamy yellow hue, smoothly turning into pink-cream petals, which becomes salmon-coral as it blooms. The record diameter of inflorescences is 17 cm. One peduncle holds 3-4 corollas.

Daylily Pandoras boxing Hemerocallis Pandora’s box photo

Pandora's box - with a half-meter height of the bush, pleases with inflorescences about 10 cm in diameter. The neck of the corolla is lime shade, then the bright middle is like a handful of ripe cherries, ending in pastel yellow petals.

Daylily Pardon Me Hemerocallis Pardon Me photo

Pardon Me is the leader among low growing varieties. Blooms from June to late September. The neck is a lime shade, the petals are dark cherry color.

Daylily Night Embers Hemerocallis Night Embers photo

Night Embers - the height of the bush is 75 cm. Corollas are terry, 12-15 cm in diameter. The petals seem to be velvety, raspberry-wine shade.

Daylily Lacy Doily Hemerocallis Lacy Doily photo

Lacy Doily - the bush is 60-80 cm high. Graceful double flowers have a pale pink tint.

Daylily Double Dream Hemerocallis Double Dream photo

Double Dream is truly a dream. Huge (15 cm in diameter) terry corollas from creamy to salmon shade. It blooms early, is ready to grow in the sun, tolerates the absence of a strait, is not afraid of frost.

Daylily Red Rum Hemerocallis Red Rum photo

Red Rum - scarlet inflorescences with a diameter of 10 cm delight in the period June-August.

Daylily Black Stockings Hemerocallis Black Stockings photo

Black Stockings - new (launched 2015). Striking with a corolla diameter of 15 cm and a purple-violet shade of the petals, the yellowish core illuminates from the inside. The edges of the petals are corrugated.

Daylily Little Anna Rosa Hemerocallis Little Anna Rosa photo

Little Anna Rosa - miniature 40 cm tall, corolla diameter - 8 cm. Rich lemon-colored core, pale pink petals with corrugated edges.Has 2 flowering waves.

Daylily Mildred Mitchell Hemerocallis Mildred Mitchell photo

Mildred Mitchell - huge corollas (18 cm in diameter) open in June-July, repeating flowering in autumn. The most delicate colors, in pink and purple tones.

Daylily Burgundy Love Hemerocallis Burgundy Love photo

Burgundy Love - 2-3 waves of flowering can be expected from it. The corrugated petals have a noble burgundy hue.

Daylilies in garden design a selection of photos:

Daylilies in garden design photo flower beds

Daylily photo in the garden on the flower bed

Daylily border

Daylilies in a mix planting photo

Daylilies in landscape design photo

Daylilies as decoration of the fence photo

Daylilies with hosts on a flower bed photo

Daylilies with other flowers in the flower bed

Daylilies on a flower bed photo

Daylilies in landscape design photo

Daylilies in the garden photo

Daylily glade photo

How to plant daylilies photo with other flowers

The daylily garden flowers have a beautiful appearance during their flowering and a surprisingly short bud life. The daylily flower that blossomed the night before will surely close and wither after a day. The correct planting of the daylily flower will provide a special decorative effect to this culture, so it is important to know how to choose a place to grow it. Daylily flower care is not distinguished by the complexity of agrotechnical measures. Watering, fertilizing, loosening the soil - that's probably all. Correctly carried out planting of a daylily flower makes caring for the plant even easier and does not require constant attention. Competently selected species and varieties of daylilies allow you to get active, vigorous flowering for several months.

Daylily plant: description and photo

Starting the description of the daylily, it is worth noting that this is the flower of an intelligent bummer. There is a well-known saying: if lilies are the favorite flowers of kings, then daylilies are the joy of their gardeners.

Another name for the daylily plant is krasodnev, and the correct name is hemerocallis.

Life form	Perennial summer-green herbaceous short-rhizome-brush-root polycarpics with thickened adventitious roots and rosette erect shoot, underground shoots-stolons from 3-8 to 25 cm long
Height	30-150 cm
Leaves	Linear two-row, grooved, directed upwards or drooping arcuate, width from 0.8 cm to 3 cm, length from 30 to 100 cm
Flowers	Bell-shaped or star-shaped, with three petals and three sepals, with six stamens, one pistil, three-celled ovary, 3-40 flowers on a leafy peduncle in a paniculate or capitate inflorescence
Fruit	Polyspermous dry opening boll

Daylilies belong to the lily family (Liliaseae), which is already clear from the very name of the flower. These wonderful perennials have been known to mankind for at least two thousand years. The eastern part of Asia is considered their homeland. In Japan and China, these plants have been cultivated for many centuries. By the way, in these countries there is a belief: if you touch the leaves and flowers of the daylily with your hand, all sorrows will leave the soul. In Europe, wild species of daylilies have also been known for a long time; they can be found in meadows to this day. But their migration to European gardens began only in the 16th century, and in the Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg, the first variety of daylily was registered only in 1813. But in just 150 years, we have more than 10 thousand of them! Interest in daylilies grew and then subsided again.

Studying daylilies from a photo with a description, you can make an initial impression of the culture, and more detailed information will allow you to properly grow on the site:

Recently, a real boom has risen around them, and not only here in Russia, but all over the world. This is understandable, since the plant is very plastic and easy to select. What varieties and types of daylilies have not been created by breeders all over the world! There are already more than 50 thousand of them.Let's start dealing with daylilies in order.

Its name "krasodnev" reflects the short life of its flower. Each flower blooms in the evening and, having lived only the next day, fades by the evening. The faded flower rolls up into a tube, so that the general appearance of the plant does not spoil. Since each peduncle can bear up to 40 buds, and 3-4 buds bloom at the same time, and there can be more than a dozen peduncles in each plant, and they do not grow at the same time, the flowering of daylilies is abundant and long-lasting.

In nature, daylilies grow along the edges of forests, often in the vicinity of shrubs, in wet riverside meadows, in dry meadows, on slopes and river valleys, in microdepressions of relief with moist soil. The biology of most species of daylilies has been studied in sufficient detail.

See how the daylily plant looks like in the photo, which shows the different stages of plant development:

What a daylily flower looks like and blooms (with photo)

Fertile clayey, slightly acidic or neutral soils with good drainage are most suitable for growing daylilies. In damp, flooded areas of plants, thickened cord-like roots rot. The way a daylily flower looks like depends on its location: plants develop better in sunny places, in the shade, flowering stops or weakens.

Spring regrowth of daylilies begins early enough, in the second decade of April. The shortest period from regrowth to flowering is in the daylily cereal - 29 days, the longest is in L. redhead - 92 days. The first to bloom in the second decade of May is L. cereal, then l. yellow and l. Middendorf (third decade of May), the last to bloom is L. red (in July). The duration of flowering varies from 50 days per liter. cereal, up to 15-17 days at l. Korean. There are indications of re-flowering l. cereal in September.

See how the daylily looks like in the photo, which shows different types of inflorescences:

On peduncles in different species, there are from 4 to 54 flowers. The largest flower in L. red (up to 13 cm long), the smallest - at l. Korean (length 4 cm). By the color of the perianth, daylilies are represented by yellow and orange tones. The types also differ in the length of the peduncles - from 30 cm at l. cereal, up to 90 cm at l. redhead.

Daylily flowers open at 7-8 am. The life span of one flower varies from 1 to 3 days.

Middendorf daylily flowers open at 6-7 am. The flower blooms for 1 day.

The Korean daylily flower opens at 8 am and blooms one day.

The yellow daylily flower opens at 7-9 am and blooms for 2 or more days.

In hot dry weather, the lemon daylily has fragrant flowers that open at 22:00 at night and close by 10:00. In cloudy weather, its flowers open until 7 o'clock in the morning and bloom one day.

In the modern garden classification of daylilies, species blooming during the day are called diurnal, those blooming at night - nocturnal, species with a flower blooming for more than a day are called extended flowering.

See how the daylily blooms in other photos, where different types and varieties of crops are shown at the budding stage:

Varieties of garden daylilies: names with photos

The most polymorphic species with an extensive latitudinal range is yellow daylily. There are known East Asian and Siberian varieties of daylily, different not only in morphological characteristics, but also in the rhythm of development. In culture, its early-flowering large-flowered form from Siberia is more common.

In culture in the Far East, Middendorf's daylily is also common with very narrow flowing leaves and fragrant orange flowers.

Daylily red, one of the most common species in culture, forms root suckers and eventually grows into loose clumps or thickets.

Its cultivated clone daylily orange is the least winter-hardy species.In the southern regions, it does not stop growing throughout the year, that is, it is evergreen.

It has an evergreen form called daylily. orange large (H. aurantiaca var. Major Baker) from Japan, flowers are larger and more beautiful, this form is also widespread in culture and was used for hybridization.

The varieties of garden daylilies presented in the photo with names allow you to imagine a variety of colors of buds:

Have Forrest daylilies and folded leaves remain green in autumn until severe frosts, as in evergreen L. orange. All of them, along with long-known natural Asian species, were used as starting material for the development of new varieties. In 1934, a monograph on daylilies was published by Dr. A.B. Stout, who supervised experimental introduction work in the New York Botanical Garden. In the monograph, he describes all the known species of the genus and the varieties that existed at that time - about 200. For the first time he described the sterile triploid clone L. redhead. Dr. A.B. Stout played a decisive role in the study of species diversity, understanding plant biology, initiated hybridization and discovered the enormous potential of the gene pool of the daylily genus. However, interest in daylilies in the United States has not yet gone beyond the scope of scientific research of a limited circle of scientists, and in rural areas it was customary to plant borders between fields with an unpretentious daylily, for which the plant was nicknamed "farm daylily".

This variety of daylilies with photos and names of varieties in personal plots can be grown in flower beds and in flower beds:

In 1937, the mechanism of the effect of colchicine on plant cells was described and methods were proposed for obtaining polyploid plants, that is, plants with an increased number of chromosomes. In the 1950s. Dr. Grisbach and chemist Orville Fey developed a method of colchicination of daylily seeds.

It turned out that the sterile, non-seed-forming red daylily from the American introduction population is a triploid, and the varieties available in the introduction collection are diploids, like most species of daylilies. By that time, the breeding potential of diploid varieties had been exhausted, therefore, the method of obtaining viable polyploids turned out to be in demand. In addition to publishing the colchicine method, Dr. Griesbach has conducted numerous practical exercises for commercial and amateur daylily growers. By 1961, the first tetraploid varieties appeared. Tetraploid plants differ from diploid plants not only by a twofold increase in the number of chromosomes, but also by an earlier spring awakening, faster growth, and increased vitality. The flowers of tetraploids are larger and more rounded, rich in color, the petals are thicker and stronger, there are more buds on the peduncles (up to 50 or more).

The first tetraploid cultivars appeared in the mid-1950s, and in 1961 the tetraploid cultivar "Mary Todd" received a silver Stuart medal.

Initially, tetraploid varieties were weakly fertile, or completely sterile, but gradually breeders have achieved varieties with viable seeds. For gardeners, it is not so much the receipt of seeds that is important (this is necessary for breeders), but the fact that in sterile varieties the wilted perianth does not fall off, giving the plant a sloppy look. In fertile forms, the perianth falls off immediately after the end of flowering and the formation of the ovary.

Look at these varieties of daylilies in the photo, where the most popular varieties are presented:

By 1967, there were already 73 tetraploid varieties, and today more than 70,000 varieties of daylilies are registered in the world. The vast majority of them are tetraploids. The culture of hybrid daylilies is the leading economic branch of ornamental crop production in the United States in terms of the number of plants grown, sales volume, popularity.

Abroad, the selection of daylilies is mainly carried out by amateurs. The number of farms and private households growing and creating new varieties of daylilies numbers several thousand. In countries with a warm climate (USA, France), one generation of flowering seedlings can be obtained in 9 months, and in Australia - in 7. In the climatic conditions of Russia, this takes on average 2 years. Due to the ease with which new varieties can be registered with AHS (all you have to do is fill out a form, send a photo, and pay a $ 15 fee), there are many low-value, unstable forms on the list of varieties. Along with this, there are valuable, original, but not registered in the US varieties, for example, the French breeder Pierre Anfosso.

Attempts to commercialize outstanding varieties using the microclonal method were unsuccessful. In the daylily culture, the resulting clone plants do not inherit the entire volume of the properties of the parent variety: the flowers have a faded color, lose fringe, teeth, corrugation along the edge of the petals, the peduncles are deformed. For this reason, varietal daylilies are bred only by dividing the bush, cuttings, sleeping eyes, varieties with loose bushes - layering, and as a result, valuable varieties and novelties are very expensive.

Nevertheless, the development of new varieties and breeding, sale, cultivation of the plant is so popular that the cultivation of varietal daylilies can be called the world's first largest global "green" project, leaving far behind roses, corn, soybeans, gladioli and even livestock breeding. Daylily can rightfully be called a plant of the XXI century.

The types and varieties of daylily in the photo are presented in a wide variety of forms of this amazing garden culture:

Most of the new hybrid varietal daylilies come from the United States. Since interspecific crossing was used when developing new forms, there are specific features in the biology of American hybrid daylilies that are important for culture in Russia. The largest breeding centers of this crop are located in Florida, in a region with a warm and humid subtropical climate, so the question of checking the winter hardiness of the varieties created is not taken into account by breeders. Among the natural species involved in hybridization, there were insufficient winter hardiness, for example, evergreen and semi-evergreen daylily orange, Forrest and folded. Therefore, not all American varieties of daylilies are capable of wintering in Russia, as well as successfully growing, developing, blooming in conditions of low positive temperatures.

Natural and climatic conditions in different parts of the Russian Federation differ significantly, therefore, the introduction of new varieties can only be carried out directly on the spot. In the Moscow region, as in other regions of the Russian Federation, this task is performed by numerous amateur gardeners, united in the section of daylilies of the Moscow Flower Growers club under the Society for the Restoration and Conservation of Nature. For the period from 1995–2012. private gardens have extensive collections of hybrid daylilies, mostly American varieties. Since 1998, the club annually organizes summer exhibitions of flowering daylilies, where you can get information about the varieties on display. The club also collects and analyzes information on the winter hardiness of varieties from flower growers in Siberia, the Far East, and other regions of Russia and the CIS. Another domestic amateur association is the IOO "Daylily" (Interregional public organization Association of flower growers for collecting and breeding varietal daylilies "Daylily"), which publishes reports, articles and recommendations on the Web.

The active participation of amateurs and enthusiasts in the introduction and breeding of plants is a characteristic feature of the modern stage of development of gardening not only in Russia, but throughout the world.Particularly important is the contribution of Russian amateurs to the introduction of daylilies due to the long period necessary for acclimatization, adaptation, initial study of the variety and its subsequent reproduction in the Russian Federation, the variety of soil and climatic conditions in Russia, as well as the high cost and inaccessibility of new varieties. Thanks to the development of interregional and international relations, the Internet, this work is carried out at a high level, the results of the introduction are discussed, published and available to interested parties. In central Russia, more than 3000 varieties have been tested, about 200 resistant varieties of daylilies have been recommended for landscaping and amateur gardening.

Features of growing daylilies

Daylily is a surprisingly unpretentious and resistant plant. It only needs to be planted correctly, and all the work for the next 10 years ends there. Indeed, not a plant, but a gardener's joy. Daylilies grow well and bloom not only in the sun, but also in partial shade, for example, on the south side under the canopy of a tree. On well-fertilized soils, they develop faster, but they also tolerate rather poor soil. They prefer soils that are close to neutral, but slightly acidic (pH 5-6) are also suitable for them.

Plants are quite drought-resistant, although in dry and hot weather, of course, they want to drink, so do not forget to water them, especially before flowering. When the plants grow up, under the canopy of their foliage spread out in all directions, the weeds have no place in the sun. So they have to weed only in the first years of life, and they are long-livers and can grow in one place without a transplant for at least 10 years.

Daylilies have practically no pests, and they do not get sick with anything, except that the root collar can rot due to waterlogging of the soil. Therefore, do not plant daylilies in low places, especially when groundwater is close. In such a situation, they should be planted on a raised ridge. In addition, it is good to add coarse river sand around the root collar.

The plant has a powerful rhizome, but at the same time it is compact and short-branched, therefore, quite a lot of plants can be placed on a relatively small area (planting scheme 50/50 cm). Its roots penetrate deeply into the soil, forming underground stolons. The root rosette of long, narrow or wide, curved leaves gives the plant a lush, luxurious appearance. High above the leaves, straight, strong flower stalks that do not require a garter rise, bearing a large number of gradually opening buds. The elegant flowers of modern varieties are similar to lilies in a wide variety of colors (except for pure blue, white and blue). Often there are two-colored, with stripes and strokes or rings of a different color or tone. The variety of flower shapes and the amazing variety of petals are simply amazing when you see the collection of these beautiful plants. In this they can compete not only with lilies, but also with gladioli. There are varieties with striped white and green leaves.

In addition to all the other advantages that the daylily possesses, it is also winter-hardy, so it does not need shelter for the winter. Well, just an excellent flower! You can pick varieties that bloom at different times, and you get a continuously blooming daylily garden. The first of them, very early, begin to bloom in late May, early bloom in June, mid-early bloom from late June to early July, medium - late July - early August, mid-late bloom throughout August. The main large-flowered hybrids bloom in July – August. Late hybrids begin to bloom from late August to late September. In the Northwest, they usually fall under the first autumn frosts, which do not destroy the plant itself, but spoil the flowers greatly. In addition, even in a warm autumn, they do not have time to lay flower buds for the next year, so in our country the late varieties do not justify themselves. After flowering, the plants retain their attractive appearance.In recent years, quite a few double and semi-double hybrids have been created.

Varieties and types of daylilies: with photos and names

By flower size, daylily species are divided into only three groups:

• Miniature with a flower diameter up to 5-7 cm;
• Mid-flowered - up to 11–12 cm;
• Large-flowered - from 12 to 17 cm.

According to the height of the peduncles, they are divided into dwarf (about 30 cm), low (up to 50 cm), medium-sized (50-80 cm) and tall (above 80 cm).

Look at tall species of daylilies: their photos and names can help you make the right choice of planting material for breeding in your backyard:

Dwarf ones are suitable for rockeries (rocky hills). Low ones are usually used for curbs, and the rest are used in mixborders, ridges, in group plantings, for framing reservoirs or when planting in separate curtains. The highest ones look good in single landings here and there on the site. I must say that the beautiful foliage of daylilies can decorate plants with an unsightly lower part or those whose aboveground part loses its decorative effect (or completely disappears) after flowering. Therefore, daylilies are planted in the foreground in front of tall plants. They go well with lilies, phlox, delphiniums, all kinds of daisies.

The following types and varieties of daylilies with names and photos will make it possible to draw conclusions about the diversity of this culture:

Types of daylilies with photos

Specific daylilies, winter-hardy and unpretentious, are still in demand in Russian gardens, especially in natural-style landscape compositions. Varietal plants have a long way to go through introduction, selection of resistant forms and reproduction. Domestic daylily breeders first collect a collection of high-grade plants (create an introduction population), where plants with outstanding varietal qualities of different genotypes are combined, that is, deciduous, evergreen and semi-evergreen daylilies, tetraploid and diploid, varieties with daytime, nighttime and long-lasting flowering , varieties with a large number of flowers on the peduncle, varieties with 2-3 flowers blooming at the same time on the peduncle, and so on.

Look at some of the daylily species in the photo, where the richness of the color of the buds is offered:

It should be borne in mind that in recent years, the genetic diversity of foreign varietal daylilies has been decreasing, since a limited number of diploid genotypes were used to breed tetraploids. At the same time, when compiling an introduction collection, it is desirable to acquire genetic material with commercial potential, that is, elite in terms of decorative qualities.

Asian species in culture are represented by daylilies:

Yellow (H. flava L.), cereal (H. graminea L.);

Korean (H. coreana), Middendorf (H. Middendorfii);

Dumortier (H. dumortieri Morr.), lemon (H. citrina Baroni.);

Thunberg (H. Thunbergii Baker.), small (H. minor Mill.);

Orange (H. aurantiaca).

Specific daylilies are resistant, unpretentious, winter-hardy, can grow throughout Central Russia, to the Arctic, in Siberia, except for arid southern regions.

In Western Europe, the Mediterranean, Transcaucasia, two types of daylilies grow today: l. red (N. fulva L.) and l. yellow (hereinafter daylily - l.). A number of researchers believe that species of l. yellow and l. the redhead was brought to Turkey and the Caucasus, and then to Europe by Asian nomads. The first descriptions of daylilies are given in Pliny's Natural History. Dioscorides in the 70s. n. NS. reports on the medicinal properties of the leaves and flowers of l. yellow. Since the XV century. descriptions of daylilies are found in the first European herbalists John Gerard and Nicholas Culpeper.

Daylily small (Hemerocallis Minor Mill.).

Distribution and habitats. Grows on flooded meadows, forest glades, dry sandy hills, slopes, among bushes.It is found in Western and Eastern Siberia, in the Far East (Priamurye, Primorye).

Botanical description. A perennial herb that forms medium-sized graceful bushes up to 60 cm high. The leaves are narrow (0.7-1 cm), cascading down to the ground. Peduncles are branched, rise above the leaves. The buds are red-brown. The flowers are small (7–9 cm in diameter), wide open, monochromatic, light yellow, with a pleasant strong aroma. Flowers form low-flowered inflorescences (up to 5, rarely up to 10-15 flowers. Blooms in late May - early June, massively bloom in June.

Daylily Middendorf (Hemerocallis Middendorfii Trautv. Et Mey.).

The specific name was given in honor of the Russian botanist of the 19th century. A.F. Middendorf.

Distribution and habitats. It grows in meadows, in deciduous forests, among bushes, on slopes, rocky cliffs of the sea coast. It is found in most of the Far East, except for Kamchatka.

Botanical description. Perennial herb with thick oblique rhizome and fragile cylindrical roots. The leaves are very narrow (1–1.8 cm), the extreme ones are somewhat wider (2–2.5 cm), all strongly drooping. At the base of the leaves, the fibrous remains of last year's dead leaves are visible. Peduncles up to 80 cm high, somewhat rise above the leaves. The flowers have a specific aroma, bright orange, up to 11 cm in diameter and up to 9 cm long, collected in a dense, few-flowered apical inflorescence. Blooms in mid-May - June. The seeds ripen in July. In autumn, it sometimes blooms again.

Daylily yellow (Hemerocallis Lilio-Asphodelus L. = H. Flava L.).

Distribution and habitats. Grows on forest meadows, floodplain meadows, meadow slopes, river banks, lakes, on the outskirts of forests. Found in Western and Eastern Siberia, in the south of the Far East.

Botanical description. Perennial herb with leafless peduncles up to 100 cm tall. Leaves are bright green, broadly linear, collected in a basal rosette. In the inflorescence, 5-10 shiny, lemon-yellow, fragrant flowers up to 10 cm in diameter, with the perianth lobes bent back. Blooms in late May-June.

Daylily brown-yellow (Hemerocallis fulva).

The Chinese call this plant huang hua cao - a yellow-colored vegetable. Dried daylily flowers are sold under the name Golden Needles - golden needles.

The rhizome of this daylily is creeping, it multiplies quickly, actively occupies new places, therefore, having eaten part of the rhizomes, we will not cause much harm to it. Because of the creeping rhizome, the bushes of this daylily are loose - numerous young bushes appear at a distance of up to half a meter from the mother plant. Leaves are light green, hard, with a deep fold in the middle up to 80-100 cm long, gently curving about mid-length. The bushes are very sprawling.

The leaves are two-row, that is, they move away from the rhizome in a flat fan, with each new leaf appearing inside the fold of the previous one and directed in the opposite direction. The leaves seem to be stacked in two piles. The lower part of the leaves is closed by neighboring leaves and remains juicy, soft and tender for a long time, and the leaf blade itself quickly becomes very hard.

Flowers are located on long bare peduncles, which are much higher than the leaves, branching in the upper part and bearing six to twelve, sometimes up to twenty large dark orange-yellow flowers. The flowers are lily-like, almost brick-red inside, on the inner "petals" with a darker stripe. The edges of the petals (in fact, lily petals do not have, they are called perianth lobes, but I hope my fellow botanists will forgive me) wavy.

Semi-double forms are often found, and often the bush blooms for some time with normal flowers with six petals, and then becomes double with age. The weight of one flower of the terry form "Kwanso" is up to 50 g.

This species was so widely cultivated that it became wild in the Transcaucasia, the Mediterranean, Central Europe, Iran, North America, China, Japan, in our Far East. The origin has not been precisely established. It grows in all conditions - in dry and humid places, in the shade and in the sun.

It is frost-resistant in snowless winters, and under snow without additional shelter it can withstand frosts up to 40 ° C.

Check out the popular types of daylilies with pictures further on the page, where illustrations show the beauty of the culture:

Daylily flower varieties: descriptions with photos and names

After 3–10 years of testing, winter-hardy, resistant varieties of daylilies are recommended for landscape gardening. Then, on the basis of the existing collection, hybridization is carried out, where the goal is to obtain seedlings of various genotypes. This is followed by the stage of selection - selection of winter-hardy forms with the preservation of highly decorative varietal characteristics. Proposals of winter-hardy varieties of daylilies flowers from domestic originators are already on the market.

There are "dormant" varieties, the green of which dies after the first frost, there are semi-evergreen and evergreen. The last two types are not suitable for the Northwest. The proposed varieties of daylilies with the names that can be seen on the page below are the most popular.

The most popular and unpretentious, tall (90-100 cm) varieties for the North-West:

"Barbara Host" - orange, the number of flowers in a three-year-old bush is about 40 cm;

"Varziti" - creamy pink with a dark purple spot, 50 cm;

Bourbon King - red-purple, 50 cm;

"Thick" - dark red, 100 cm;

"Zats Fan" - apricot pink, 50 cm;

Little Darling - pink, 30 cm;

"Strawberry candy" - lilac-pink, 60 cm;

"Red Sea" - purple-burgundy, 50 cm;

Regal Air - red, 90 cm;

"Terkin" - yellow-brown, 60 cm;

"Night Bacon" - purple-brown, very dark, 50 cm;

Olweiss Aftenun - lilac, 60 cm;

"Abstract Art" - lilac-pink, 40 cm;

"Black magician" - dark cherry, 30 cm;

"Black Prince" - red-brown, 50 cm;

Low-growing varieties (30-50 cm):

"Win" - small-flowered dwarf, yellow with a green throat and light wavy edges, fragrant;

"Little Greta" - bright purple with yellow-green pharynx;

"Mini Stella" - miniature yellow flowers with a green throat.

Varieties of daylilies with photos and names allow you to get to know this culture better and imagine the options for using it on your personal plot:

Continuing the description of the varieties of daylilies, it is worth noting that they are divided into deciduous or "dormant", shedding foliage in the fall in August-October, and laying dormant buds of renewal in the fall. This group of varieties is the most winter-hardy and grows successfully in different regions of the Russian Federation. Other groups - evergreen and semi-evergreen varieties, whose foliage remains green until late autumn and dies only under the influence of frost, are less winter-hardy. Evergreens do not lay buds of renewal in autumn, in winter they carry a bunch of green leaves that have withered from frost, and in autumn or winter thaws they are able to form "winter" - regrown leaves. Among the last two groups there are species that do not tolerate soil freezing at all, and therefore are not able to winter in Russia. In these groups, varieties of early and mid-early flowering periods are more suitable for introduction.

According to the duration of flowering of one flower, varieties with flowers that do not fade for 16-24 hours are distinguished. Some varieties bloom from morning to morning, other varieties - from evening to the next evening ("night" daylilies), their fragrant flowers can be admired by workaholics who devote all day to work.

The vast majority of modern elite varieties are tetraploids. Among them, remontant ones prevail, in which, after the completion of the first flowering cycle, after a while, a second one begins, new peduncles appear. But this quality is realized only if the summer is warm and long. But there are varieties in which flower stalks appear evenly throughout the summer.

Do not assume that only tetraploid varieties are beautiful. Among the diploids, there are also many elite large-flowered varieties that are resistant in Central Russia.

Many large-flowered varieties have flowers up to 25 cm (and even 35 cm) in diameter, with "shuttlecocks", colored border, "watermarks", jagged edge of the petals.In a cold summer, such a perianth cannot fully open due to the lack of heat and light in our climatic zone. If in cloudy weather the petals of the flower do not open and the bud is kept unopened for 3-4 days, then such a thermophilic variety of daylily is not suitable for the climate of the middle zone. At the same time, the flowers of some varieties wither prematurely in the sun on hot days, but when planted in a semi-shady place, they bloom until late in the evening.

Purple, crimson, cherry, pink flowers burn in the hot midday sun. Lemon yellow, orange and red flowers are not damaged by sun or rain. This is explained by the fact that plant pigments that give pink and crimson tones are synthesized in the vacuoles of the cells of the outer layer of the epidermis of the petals and are not protected by additional layers of tissues from damage by ultraviolet rays. Yellow pigments, carotenes and xanthophylls, are contained in the plastids of the mesophyll cells of the petals, which are protected from sunlight by the overlying tissues.

Advice. You shouldn't give up all the old varieties. For example, there is an old variety with orange flowers hidden in the leaves, which blooms already at the end of May. An interesting variety with yellow flowers with a dark lilac underside, blooming in June.

You need to try to get new beautiful varieties from your neighbors, and secondly - in reputable stores, there is often a mix-up there. At exhibitions and fairs, buy seeds only from trusted producers, avoid resellers. Do not buy from random people: old varieties with red flowers are guaranteed to you.

Sometimes you can buy your favorite variety in the store in winter. In this case, you should almost immediately plant the cut in a flat, shallow dish with slightly damp earth so that the roots are located there, place it in a plastic bag with holes and refrigerate. Remove, ventilate, remove mold germs once a week. If required, moisten, spray with "Fitosporin M". In April, take it out, put it on a windowsill, where it is cool, water as needed. In early May, plant in the ground, having previously hardened.

How to propagate and grow a daylily: when to plant

Before planting a daylily, you should know that you can plant and transplant plants during the growing season, but this is usually done in the spring when the aerial part grows up to 10-15 cm or in late summer after flowering. For the Northwest, this is the best time for planting and transferring. Before growing a daylily on the site, find a suitable place for it.

The pit should be prepared in advance, its size should be larger than the root system. Fill it with a mixture of soil removed from the pit, sand and peat, add well-rotted compost or manure in a 1: 1: 1: 1 ratio, add a glass of ash and moisten well.

Before propagating the daylily, shorten the roots by a third of their length before planting, put them in a solution of bright pink potassium permanganate for half an hour, then sprinkle with "Kornevin" or another root former.

Growing daylilies in open ground: planting and care

For the subsequent proper care of daylilies in the open field, when planting a plant, you need to make a low mound in the center of the pit, spread the roots on it, cover the root collar with coarse sand, and the roots with soil. Now you need to water the plant and mulch the soil under the plant with rotted manure from above. Check if the root collar is properly buried. The deepening when growing daylilies in the open field should not exceed 2 cm, otherwise the plant will not bloom! Growing conditions for daylilies should be as follows: good lighting, adequate watering, and well-fertilized soil.

In the spring, taking care of the daylily during cultivation, when the frosts end, feed the plantings with nitrogen and potassium (a tablespoon of each for 10 liters of water, spending half a liter jar per plant).If the plants throw out flower stalks, then feed them with phosphorus. It can be simply poured into the soil under the plantings (1 tablespoon under the bush), and after flowering, feed it with phosphorus and potassium (one tablespoon each for 10 liters of water). In the future, when caring for daylilies, the plants can not be fed with mineral fertilizer, if in the fall you pour a little rotted manure under them, and in the spring - half a glass of ash. Or water the soil under them with a solution of "Fitosporin" or "Gumi" in spring and autumn. You can add a teaspoon of granular "AVA" fertilizer to the soil under the plants every three years. Or, instead of all this, feed the daylilies in the spring, during the budding period and after flowering with wild fertilizers for flowers. Over time, the rhizome can become bare, so add sand and soil to it every 2-3 years.

Reproduction of daylilies by dividing the bush

Daylilies are propagated by dividing the rhizomes, but this can be done only from the age of five. You can dig the entire bush with a fork. Rinse the roots with water from a hose. Disassemble them with your hands and carefully cut the rhizome into pieces. Each division should have 2-3 buds. Immediately sprinkle all sections with ash or grease with brilliant green (sold in a pharmacy). But you can simply separate half of the bush with a sharp shovel, dig it out with a pitchfork and divide it into divisions. Fill the resulting void with good fertile soil. The rejuvenation of the old bush is done in the same way.

There is one interesting way of propagation of daylilies by dividing the bush, developed by American gardeners. In the spring, as soon as the aboveground part grows to a height of 5–7 cm, it is cut low (almost at the level of the soil). If you leave a large stump, then the plants will not bloom for a long time. The cut off part can be immediately rooted in the usual way. From the rhizomes remaining in the soil, several shoots will quickly go out of the ground at once. If you want to propagate the plant, then in the fall, part of the shoots can be separated.

When growing plants from seeds, varietal characteristics are not preserved. Seeds are sown freshly harvested before winter or next spring to a depth of 1.5–2 cm. In spring sowing, seeds are stratified at a temperature of + 2–4 ° C for 1.5–2 months. Plants grown from seeds bloom for 2-3 years.

Seed propagation, as a rule, is done only by breeders.

How to plant and care for a daylily

They are planted singly or in groups, in mixborders and borders. Daylilies near reservoirs are especially effective. They go well with spotted loosestrife, decorative grasses, loosestrife, yarrow, hosta.

Before planting a daylily and caring for it, you need to find out some features of the culture, for example, that the flower is decorative both during flowering and without flowers. This plant is suitable both for the foreground of a rose garden (dwarf varieties) and for the center. One of the first, already in May, to bloom a yellow daylily (N. lilio-asphodelus L.), and most varieties bloom towards the end of the first wave of rose flowering. Daylilies contrast with roses thanks to their foliage, and flowers, matched to the roses, perfectly complement the composition.

Daylilies are very powerful plants, so it is advisable to combine them with large rose bushes and keep some distance between them when planting. Dwarf varieties can be combined with short roses.

To preserve the decorative effect of the bush, faded buds must be removed regularly. The protruding flower stalks are best removed when they have completely faded. After the frost has laid the yellowed leaves on the ground, they should be cut at a height of 15–20 cm from the ground, taking care not to damage the growing young green leaves.

Daylily is used in Chinese medicine to restore strength in debilitated patients, with heart disease, hypertension, and most interestingly, it is prescribed for viral and alcoholic hepatitis.To recuperate, the Chinese prepare daylily soup, and always with old chicken broth. Daylily flowers contain a lot of carotene and its most useful variety, lycopene, which has anti-cancer activity.

Watch how daylilies are planted and caring for them in the video, which shows the main agricultural techniques:

The name of the daylily - Hemerocallis - comes from the Greek words "day" and "beauty". The Russian name is krasodnev.

Each bud blooms only for a day, and in the morning a new flower opens. Krasodnevs are incredibly beautiful and graceful, and planting and caring for daylilies in the open field does not cause difficulties.

Daylilies are called "flowers of good luck and joy." Even looking at a photo of flowers cheers you up.

Rules for planting and caring for a daylily

Daylily is a tropical plant that loves bright sunlight, but it also feels good in partial shade. It is advisable to choose a place under the flower bed where the flower will take sun baths for at least 6 hours a day, but protected from direct sunlight at noon, when the leaves can get burned.

The plant requires warmth during the growing season, but it also tolerates frosty winters. Not afraid of cold gusts of wind. It is desirable that the groundwater does not lie high in the area chosen for the daylilies.

Attention! "Daylilies do not tolerate stagnant water."

In advance, you will need to take into account the decorativeness of the flower - that is, choose a place where it will look most impressive.

When is the best time to plant

You can plant and transplant krasodnye during the entire growth period - in spring and autumn. When deciding when to plant a flower, be guided by the climate.

"It takes at least one warm month for rooting."

If the cold comes early in the region, then it is undesirable to plant the plant before winter. In this case, early or mid-flowering varieties are chosen and planted in the spring - then they will have time to prepare for the cold weather. For example, in Siberia, you can plant flowers such as Angel Mine or Tracy Hall.

The optimal time for planting in the middle lane: mid-April or mid-August.

What soil does daylily prefer

The daylily needs the soil to have a pH of about 6–6.5. Excessively acidified soil is brought to the desired level by liming, adding fluff lime, peat, humus.

The soil should be loamy with good drainage. If the soil is heavy, you will need to dilute it with sand or compost. Sod-podzolic and sandy soils are enriched with compost.

The soil must be mulched. Mulching prevents the soil from compaction over the roots and enriches the soil. Also, the procedure helps to maintain the optimal temperature. Weeds grow worse on mulch soil.

Mulching can be of two types.

Cosmetic	A thin (4 cm) layer of mulch gives a well-groomed, attractive appearance to the land where the daylily grows. Sun and wind protection is negligible.
Functional	A layer of mulch of 5-10 cm is a good protection against adverse weather conditions for the daylily.

How to plant in spring

Before planting, the roots of the daylily are soaked for 4 hours in water, or better - in a growth stimulator. Healthy roots will revive and swell. Then the dried roots are removed by treating the cut sites with crushed activated carbon or ash.

Further krasodnev must be properly planted.

Dig a planting hole 30 cm deep. Note that over time, the daylily will grow to 50-70 cm in diameter. The volume of the hole should be 1.5 times the volume of the roots. Pour peat, sand and humus into the pit with the addition of ash, superphosphate, potassium-phosphorus fertilizer.

Daylily plant on a mound of laid soil. Spread the roots over the mound, preventing them from rolling up or forming voids under them. The root collar should go into the ground no deeper than 2-3 cm. This reduces the risk of plant decay. Then you need to well crush the earth around the daylily, water abundantly (to the edges of the planting pit) and fill it with earth to the edges of the pit.

With a group planting, a distance of about 40 cm is maintained between krasodnev.

"To protect the roots from overheating, the ground is mulched with coarse sand, with a layer of about 3 cm."

Planting a flower in the fall

The autumn planting of the daylily is carried out from the second half of August. This time varies depending on weather conditions, climate of the region. For example, in Siberia, the earliest planting is in the summer, and in the south, you can plant a flower in the fall - in September.

The daylily will need at least a month of warm weather to take root.

Planting is done in the same way as in the spring. Mulching should be functional.

How to properly care for daylilies in the garden

Planting and caring for daylilies in the open field is not a hassle. The plant is unpretentious, and easy maintenance will provide the flowers with an attractive appearance and lush bloom.

Watering according to all the rules

The first two weeks after planting in the garden, the plant is watered daily. Then only as needed, but abundantly. For good flowering, daylilies need the soil at the root level to be moist. Warm water is poured under the very root, moistening the soil 20-30 cm deep.

Watering is necessary either in the evening after sunset or in the morning before sunrise.

Optimum temperature for growing

For the development of daylily roots, the optimum soil temperature is from +8 to 18 ° C. The aboveground part of the plant prefers a temperature of 25-32 degrees Celsius.

How to pamper your pet: feeding and fertilizing

The daylily is very responsive to fertilization. But it is preferable not to overfeed the plant, especially carefully apply nitrogen fertilization. It can cause vigorous growth of leaves to the detriment of flowering and discoloration of the petals.

"It is undesirable to fertilize in the spring with manure containing nitrogen."

After applying top dressing, you need to water the daylily.

Three dressings are enough for the beauty season

Spring is the time when leaves grow	Urea (15 g / 1 m2) and superphosphate (20 g / 1 m2) fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizers increase the growth rate of foliage, and phosphorus fertilizers are necessary for root growth.
Summer is the time of bud formation	Potash fertilizers will be required. Potassium sulfate (15 g / 1 m2) or wood ash (1 cup / 1 m2). Potassium increases the flower's resistance to disease and prolongs the flowering period. If the soil is poor, then organic fertilizer is needed, for example, chicken droppings.

In August, after the peak of flowering, top dressing determines the quantity and quality of buds for the next year. Phosphate-potassium fertilizers are used.

In autumn, before wintering, they are often fed with compost or humus (up to 3 kg / 1 m2).

Caring for the daylily is not difficult, but Krasodnev will generously thank him for it by presenting his exquisite flowers to the garden.

Flower transplant

Daylilies can live in one place for 10 years or longer, but then flowering after 5-6 years will gradually fade away. To preserve the beauty and decorativeness of the daylily, it must be seated.

It is best to replant the plant in the summer - in early June and late August. Transplanting during active flowering is not recommended.

The daylily needs a transplant every 5 years. Poor flowering and small buds will tell you that it is time to think about how to transplant beautiful days in summer.

So, we dig up the daylily along with an earthen clod on the roots. We wash off the earth from the roots under the pressure of water. Separate the roots carefully and remove the dead roots.

If it was not possible to do without the cuts of the living roots, then the wounds must be sprinkled with ash. Leaves should be pruned by 15–20 cm and planted in the holes.

How to propagate daylilies

Daylily is mainly propagated by rhizome. You can buy ready-made seedlings and plant them in the fall or spring in the ground. But it is not difficult to grow a flower on your own - by dividing the bush, layering, leaf rosette.

The seed method is practically not used, since the new flower does not retain varietal characteristics. Breeders resort to it in order to develop new varieties.

Seed breeding method for daylilies

A seed-propagated daylily will not look like a mother plant. But sometimes gardeners grow a flower from seed to satisfy curiosity.

The first way. Seeds are planted in late autumn in open ground, buried by 2-3 cm and sprinkled with a layer of mulch. Second way. Growing seedlings begins at the end of January. The seeds are soaked in a solution of hydrogen peroxide (1 tablespoon per liter of water). The air temperature in the room is maintained at 25-30 ° C.

The hatched seeds are immediately planted in prepared containers filled with nutrient soil.

Seeds that have not sprouted within 5 days are removed or planted in a separate bowl - seedlings may appear later.

Two weeks after the emergence of sprouts, they are fed with complex fertilizer every two weeks.

Attention! "Top dressing is diluted at a concentration two times lower than recommended on the package - this will prevent a chemical burn of the roots."

Seedlings dive after the appearance of the first leaves. When the seedlings grow 15–20 cm, they can be planted in the ground.

Vegetative division

The division of the bush is done during plant transplantation.

Reproduction by layering

The method is suitable only for "bushy" plants, which for 3-4 years of life form a daughter rosette with roots. It is separated from the mother bush with a sharp shovel.

All damage is sprinkled with ash or activated carbon. The daughter plant is rooted in the usual way for the daylily.

Some types of daylilies can be propagated by rosettes - cuttings of the mother plant with short leaves.

After the peduncles have dried, the rosette is separated with a sharp shovel, the cut points are disinfected and planted as a separate plant.

What flowers are daylilies friendly with

Daylilies come in a wide variety of sizes and colors. This allows them to be used very widely in landscape design - both individually and in groups.

Looks very nice in combination with tulips, knifofia, loosestrife. Planting along the paths will create a dramatic floral border.

Varieties with small flowers often adorn the banks of reservoirs, stone hills, and various architectural forms. Even a bouquet of daylilies delights the eye for a long time.

But daylilies fade by the end of summer. To preserve the decorative appearance of the garden, think in advance with what from the plant world to plant them in the flower bed. Plants such as:

• physostegia;
• yarrow;
• decorative cereals;
• loosestrife point.

Post-flowering care

After flowering, the daylily will need the main feeding. During this period, the plant prepares for a new growth period, for the laying of buds for the next year. The third, main, top dressing.

At the same time, the daylily is being prepared for winter. In order for the daylily to overwinter successfully, it is fed with chicken droppings, fermented grass (1 liter of fertilizer per 10 liters of water).

Otherwise, the care is usual: removing dry peduncles, weeding, watering as needed.

How to prepare for winter

The flower is prepared for winter, focusing on which group it belongs to.

Sleepers, deciduous (Dormant)	Leaves dry out by autumn, the plant dormant until spring. Daylilies are cut, leaving about 15–20 cm of the ground part. In the southern regions, there is no need to shelter for the winter. But in a harsh climate, for example, in Siberia, they cover with spruce branches or dry straw, rags, sawdust. In early spring, the shelter must be removed.
Evergreen daylilies	The rest period lasts 2-3 weeks. They are not cut off. Cover when the probability of frost is below -20ºC. In areas with little snow, cold winters, you will definitely need shelter.
Semievergreen	Such daylilies in cold areas behave as dormant, and in the south - like evergreens. That is, the way to prepare for winter depends on the region.

Functional mulching is required before wintering.

In winter, a layer of mulch is needed to improve thermal insulation. Mulching is carried out after the ground has cooled, but not yet frozen.As mulch, you can use straw, chopped leaves, needles.

Who hurts and what is sick

If the daylily has changed its appearance (wilted, turned yellow), then it is necessary to check whether it is sick, not attacked by pests.

Common daylily diseases:

Rust. You can find out by the pustules on the buds and leaves. The pustules are filled with an orange-yellow powder. It is necessary to destroy both the diseased parts and the healthy ones nearby. Treat with fungicide.

Striping. Red-brown spots and yellow stripes are visible on the leaves. It is necessary to remove diseased leaves, and treat the flower itself with foundation (0.2%). Rot of the root collar. An unpleasant odor is felt, the leaves turn yellow. You will need to dig up the daylily, rinse the roots, clean, disinfect for 20 minutes in potassium permanganate or hydrogen peroxide (3%).

Tobacco ring spot virus. Spotted streaks on the leaves. There is no cure, the symptoms do not allow us to say with certainty that it is a virus, and not a sunburn or fungus. Therefore, the diseased plant is planted and monitored.

Pests not only spoil flowers and leaves, but also carry diseases and viruses.

Daylilies are especially fond of:

Daylily mosquito. It can be identified by the larvae in the flower buds. Infected buds must be torn off. Thrips. Deformed petals, whitish strokes and spots on the leaves. Infected flowers and leaves will need to be removed. After being treated with insecticides.

What problems can arise when growing

Brittle peduncles	Probable reasons are waterlogging or too much nitrogen in the soil.
Daylily does not bloom	There may be too much nitrogen in the soil. The root collar can be set deeper than necessary. Not enough light (less than 6 hours a day). Freezing.
White spots on the petals of red, lilac shades	Common causes are sunburn, rain marks.
The buds do not fully open	The most likely reason is the characteristics of the variety. The next year, the daylily is likely to bloom in full force.

Varieties of daylilies

There are over 80 thousand species of daylilies. They can be classified by both height and flower appearance. But the main classification divides them into varieties and types.

There are only six species daylilies and they are all elegantly beautiful:

The most common species is Hemerocallis Fulva. Tall bushes with large bright flowers of orange or yellow-brown color.

H. citrina. Has a strong aroma. Lemon flowers never fully bloom. The peculiarity of the variety is that this daylily blooms at night.

Daylily thunbergii. Similar in delicate yellow flowers to h. citrina, but blooms during the day, and the aroma is weak.

Fragrant daylily with bright yellow petals h.lilioasphodelus. Distributed in Europe and the Far East.

In Mongolia, in the Far East, in China, h. minor. Single-color yellow buds are collected in a brush of 6-7 pcs.

Far Eastern species h. middendorffii is distinguished by early flowering - from the end of May to the 2nd decade of June. In inflorescences there are about 10 flowers of rich yellow color.

The natural color of daylily petals is yellow. But daylily hybrids (hemerocallis hybridahortulorum) have an incredibly wide range of colors.

Some of the best varieties are considered with names:

Black Stockings. Beautifully curving petals, leaves with an emerald tint. This medium-sized daylily with flowers 15 cm in diameter is capable of re-blooming. Looks spectacular against the background of plants with white flowers.

Spotted Fever. Triangular curled double flowers. Differs in a crimson tint on delicate peach petals. Blooms very profusely. In landscaping looks great in the foreground.

Burning Daylight. Elegant orange color of petals, strong aroma. Daylily blooms late - in early August. Three flowers bloom simultaneously on one peduncle. Paired with this daylily, it is preferable to plant plants with purple flowers - lavender, phlox.

Graceful daylilies can decorate not only the garden, but also the apartment. Most often in the form of home "flowers of luck" are daylilies red (h. Fulva) and lemon-yellow (h. Citrina). The indoor daylily is as unpretentious as the garden one and is no less charming.

The popularity of the daylily grows every day.After all, no amateur florist can resist the beauty and wondrous aroma of this excellent flower. It is not at all necessary to be a professional in this matter, you can plant the daylily varieties yourself in open ground, and then start breeding and growing them.

Daylilies are unpretentious plants and with proper planting they will grow in any climatic conditions. But in order for the bushes to look healthy and well-groomed, and the flowers to bloom profusely, proper care must be taken to the fullest.

Daylilies are very diverse in color and shape.

Varieties and varieties of daylilies

World breeders work tirelessly to improve the varieties of daylily, bringing out more and more new varieties. Today there are more than 70,000 of them. Most of the new varieties that come to our area are of American origin, although there are domestic species that are in no way inferior to them.

Daylily red

Daylilies are classified according to several parameters:

• type of growing season (dormant, evergreen and semi-green);
• a set of chromosomes (diploid and tetraploid);
• odor (fragrant and odorless);
• shape (terry, spider-like, indefinite shape and all the rest);
• color (divided into 11 groups from almost white to almost black, since there are no pure white and pure black colors yet);
• flowering time (very early, early, medium early, medium, medium late, late, very late and re-flowering).

The best varieties of daylilies - photo

Chang Dinesti (Chang Dynasty Stamile, 2008) is a coral pink flower with an orange wavy border. This is the so-called chameleon: depending on weather conditions, it can change color from completely red to pink-orange. Differs in abundant flowering - over 50 buds are formed on each peduncle.

Chang Dinesti variety

Paula Dusk (Polar Dusk. Stamile, 2011) - a flawless pink flower with a luxurious creamy yellow border in the form of ruffles and folds. Another pleasant characteristic of it is the diamond coating - shine on the surface of the petals, as from a scattering of small diamonds.

Paul Dask's grade

Robin lee (Robin Lee. Hansen, 2010) - pink-red flower with a slightly corrugated white edge. Despite its impressive size, it creates the impression of transparency and weightlessness due to its graceful shape and harmonious combination of the main color with the border.

Robin Lee variety

How to plant correctly

No matter how unpretentious the plant may be, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for its life. First of all, you need to decide on the landing site. All varieties of daylilies in one way or another prefer sunlight. Flowers with a light color (yellow, orange, white, etc.) like to grow in direct sunlight, but daylilies with darker flowers (purple, purple, red) are best planted in partial shade, as they will quickly fade in the sun and wither.

The ideal soil for growing daylilies is organic-rich loam; other important things are also suitable, so that they are not depleted, and their acidity corresponds to the normal range (6-6.5 pH).

Varieties with dark flowers are best planted in partial shade.

Before planting, you need to carefully examine the seedling, if necessary, cut off dead roots. Next, you should soak the root system of the daylily in a growth stimulator. It can be prepared independently from willow branches by infusing them in water for 2 days. The plant is placed in the resulting infusion for 4 hours.

Planting a daylily in the open field is carried out as follows:

• dig a spacious planting hole with a depth of 40-45 cm;
• throwing a handful of organic fertilizer;
• inside the hole they make a small hill, compacted to make a slide;
• they plant the daylily on a hill, like on a hat, gently straighten the roots and cover them with earth.

Young daylily bush

Attention! The distance between the seedlings is made at least 40 cm, otherwise they will drown out each other during growth.

Appropriate daylily care

After planting, the plants need watering and care. There are no strictly defined rules. Experienced flower growers, based on their practice, recommend adhering to some simple rules when growing a daylily.

1. The planted crops are watered daily for 7 days. Adult daylilies will moisturize only during prolonged droughts, and with exceptionally warm water, which is poured under the root.
2. To prolong flowering, wilted flowers and faded stems are regularly cut.
3. The root neck of the daylily is deepened strictly by 2 cm, otherwise the flowers may not appear at all and will have to be transplanted.
4. After watering, the soil must be loosened.

Watering the daylily

Top dressing and fertilization of the daylily

Of course, daylilies need to be fertilized, but before that it is necessary to study the composition of the soil on the site and, based on the result, apply certain fertilizers.

The basic rule is that fertilizers are applied no earlier than 14 days after rooting. Basically, for young plants, 2-3 feeding per season will be enough, but for older plants (5-6 years old) and even abundantly flowering, 4-5 doses will be needed.

1. In early spring, a full range of mineral fertilizers is applied, for example, one of the most common NPK 16:16:16 (1 tablespoon of granules per 10 liters of water).
2. In April-May, in order to promote the intensity of growth, they focus on complex fertilizers with a large amount of nitrogen (nitroammophosphate, ammophos, diammonium phosphate).
3. In summer, during flowering, you can feed daylilies with organic matter: a solution from mullein, chicken droppings or fermented grass.
4. At the end of flowering, before the onset of new growth (at the beginning of autumn), fertilization is carried out with nitroammophos or sulfate with ash, depending on the climatic zone. This feeding helps to increase the size of flowers, as well as their number in the new season.

Daylily needs to be fertilized several times during the growing season.

Reproduction of daylilies

There are several ways to breed daylilies, each with their own advantages and disadvantages.

Dividing the bush

The easiest and most common way to get young daylilies, which in all respects will be identical to the mother's. If necessary, the bush can be divided throughout the growing season. As a rule, separation begins when the plant reaches 3-4 years of age. Another signal for transplanting is the chopping of flowers. The optimal time for dividing is the first half of summer - the beginning of autumn, then the plant will have time to get stronger before the onset of frost.

Dividing the daylily bush

Seed reproduction

It is used only for breeding activities, since in everyday life daylilies planted with this method are not able to maintain their specific characteristics.

Reproduction by offspring

Subject to all transplantation norms, it allows you to increase the number of plants from one manufacturer, while maintaining all species characteristics. But before you plant the outlets in open ground, you should plant them in pots and put them in a warm place for several weeks.

Daylily propagation by offspring

Important! If there are still 6-7 weeks left before frost, plant the sprouts in the fall, and if they did not have time to take root, then in the spring (in mid-May).

Diseases and pests of daylilies

Compared to other neighbors in the flower garden, daylilies rarely get sick, and pests do not hunt for these magnificent flowers so much, but nevertheless, such troubles sometimes happen.

Daylilies are affected mainly by root rot, fungal and viral diseases, spotting, rust and fusarium. To prevent these diseases, plants are treated with fungicides.But if trouble does happen, the bushes are dug up, the rhizomes are placed in a solution of potassium permanganate, dried, and then planted in a new place.

Daylily rust

Daylilies are attacked by several types of insects. The most common of them:

• thrips. They arise in early spring from the ground and suck sap and nutrients from the stems and buds of the plant. To destroy them, the affected bushes are burned, and the soil in the flowerbed is treated with insecticides;
• lily midges. They live in buds, so in order to get rid of them, it is enough to cut off the peduncle;
• spider mites, slugs, aphids and bugs. Control methods are the same as in cases of damage to other plants.

Daylily: combination with other plants

Despite their greatness and variety of colors, daylilies harmoniously fit into almost all color compositions, the main thing is to choose plants for them that will ideally match their color, shape or texture.

A mono composition will be brighter and richer if daylilies of pastel shades are combined with monochromatic gravilates, and bright lilac or crimson with geraniums, monards, bells and cuffs.

Daylily in the flowerbed

Daylilies are also perfect for Thunberg's barberry, geykher and tenacious, as well as shrubs - elderberry, mock-orange, privet, if they are evenly distributed over the mixborder.

Phlox are ideal neighbors of daylilies, since they bloom almost simultaneously, and even in color they are ideally combined with each other. For example, lilac phlox will complement lavender daylilies.

Daylily in landscape design - photo

Thanks to such a variety of colors, daylilies are actively used in garden design.
Before filling the flower beds with flowers, you should carefully consider, and even better, draw up a detailed plan of the flower garden, taking into account all the nuances. In this case, it is necessary to take into account: the frequency of flowering, the height of the selected varieties of daylilies, their color, as well as harmony with the general background.

Daylily in landscape design

The cultivation of a daylily is a delicate matter that requires special attention, but the effort and effort spent are soon justified by the unearthly beauty and amazing aroma of this graceful flower.

Unpretentious daylily: video

Varieties of daylilies: photo