Forsythia planting and care in the open field wintering

The genus Forsythia belongs to the Olive family and is mainly shrubs.

The height of the species is mainly up to 3 m, the bark is brown-gray, textured, the foliage is simple, opposite, oblong, ovoid, with teeth, from 2 to 15 cm. Flowers are rich yellow, after flowering a flying box appears.

Forsythia species and varieties

Most often in our gardens it is grown European forsythia, which is a shrub up to 2 m high, foliage without teeth, its length is up to 7 cm, flowers are solitary, bell-shaped, golden yellow.

Forsythia Giralda this species looks very similar to the previous one, but its foliage is longer, and the color of the leaves is darker. It also tolerates frost worse, so it is not very suitable for growing in cold areas.

Hanging forsythia or drooping this bush grows up to 3 m, its crown grows widely, the branches droop. It has rather large yellow flowers that form bunches. There is a variegated form as well as a form with purple branches and leaves while young.

Forsythia dark green or greenest this is a tall plant, the shoots of which grow up to 3 m. The foliage is densely placed, simple, oblong, rich dark green color, rather long, the flowers also have a green tint.Drought tolerant.

Average fortification or intermediate This is a hybrid species obtained by crossing the species of Forzitia drooping and dark green. The maximum height of this plant is close to 3.5 m, the foliage is oblong, with teeth, long, the color of the foliage is rich green. Flowering occurs by 4 years after planting, flowers form bunches of yellow color. It tolerates frost and heat well.

It has a lot of varieties due to its popularity:

• Goldsauber,

• Malukh,

• Linwood Gold,

• Golden time,

• Spectabilis.

Forsythia white or snowy relatively short view with oblong ovoid foliage. In summer, the underside of the foliage turns purple. The flowers are white, but have a yellow throat.

Forsythia oval or ovoid also a low view - 1.5-2 m. The bark on the branches is yellowish, and they themselves are quite spreading. The foliage is 6-8 cm, green in summer, and purple tones appear on it by autumn.

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Forsythia planting and care in the open field

Today, forsythia is widely used to decorate city streets and private gardens, primarily due to the fact that yellow flowers bloom in early spring, even before the leaves appear on the branches of the bush.

Planting forsythia should be carried out in the spring or at the beginning of autumn, with the expectation that the bush has time to take root before the frost, so be guided by the conditions of your place of residence. Light areas that are not blown by winds are good for planting, partial shade is also suitable, but the sun is still preferable.

The composition of the soil is also not fundamental, the main thing is that the substrate is not excessively wet and has an alkaline reaction. If the soil in your garden is acidic, then it must be dug up with ash to shift the reaction to alkaline.

The height and width of the planting hole should be approximately 0.5 m, and the depth 60 cm.When planting several plants, make sure that there is at least 1.5 m between them.A 20 cm drainage layer is placed at the bottom of the planting hole, then 10 cm of sand, then put mixed leaf soil, sand and peat in a ratio of 2 to 1 and to 1. Fill the hole so that after planting, the root system of the seedling is placed at a depth of 35 cm.

Next, the seedling is placed in a hole and sprinkled with earth, after which the soil is slightly trampled and watered well. In the fall, in addition to these procedures, it is also necessary to cover the area with mulch.

Lilac can also be used as a design for a garden plot; it is easily grown when planting and nursing in the open field. You can find recommendations for growing this plant in this article.

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Watering forsythia

It is not difficult to take care of this garden plant. If it rains from time to time in summer, then you do not need to water the bush. If there is no precipitation, then once for a couple of weeks you need to pour a bucket of water under each bush.

After rain or watering, you should loosen the soil and get rid of weeds. You can cover the area with compost mulch, and the problem of weeds and loosening will disappear.

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Forsythia top dressing

Fertilizers are applied 3 times during the growing season. For the first time in the spring, compost is scattered around the bushes, but so that it touches the shoots, and strong watering is carried out. This fertilizer will serve as both a source of organic matter and mulch.

In the middle of spring, full mineral dressing is used, making 65 grams per square meter. When the flowering ends and flower buds begin to form, Kemiru-wagon is brought in 110 grams per square meter of the plot.

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Pruning forsythia

While the young bushes are only cut off from them, broken, frozen and dry branches. In large bushes, sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring, and after flowering, the shoots are cut to half, the old branches are cut off, leaving only 5 cm from the ground.

Formative pruning can also be done to give the shrub the look you want. To rejuvenate the bush, two-thirds of all branches must be cut off - this will set in motion the growth of young branches.

But we warn you that this procedure cannot often be carried out, otherwise the bush will become large, but flowering will disappear. The approximate frequency of anti-aging pruning is 4 years.

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Forsythia in winter

Preparing forsythia for winter, a thick ball of dry leaves is poured around the bushes, and the branches are bent to the ground and attached to it, and spruce branches are placed on top.

With the arrival of spring, the shelter is removed so that the buds do not trample. In snowy winters, a shelter may not be built.

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Forsythia propagation by cuttings

It is better to propagate forsythia in a vegetative way. For this, green cuttings of 15 cm in length, which are cut in early summer, are well suited. The lower foliage is cut off from them, and the cuttings themselves are treated with a means to enhance root formation. Green cuttings are grown in greenhouse conditions in sand under diffused light, moistening the soil from time to time.

In autumn, woody cuttings can be rooted, while they are stuck right in the garden, so that there are a couple of buds above the ground. With the approach of cold weather, cover the cuttings with dry foliage, and in the spring they should begin to grow and by autumn it will be possible to transplant them to a permanent place.

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Propagation of forsythia by layering

You can also propagate this culture by layering. This is done according to the standard scheme - the young branch is tilted to the ground, slightly cutting its edge, and sprinkled with soil. Over time, roots will appear from the incision and next spring it will be possible to separate the layer from the parent and transplant.

This bush also propagates by seeds, but this process is complex and accessible only to specialists.

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Diseases of forsythia

This culture does not get sick very often, but it is still susceptible to some diseases and pests.

Fusarium wilting occurs due to infection with a fungus. The symptoms of this disease are yellowing of foliage, weak flowering or his absence, the general weakness of the plant, on the shoots and leaves it can be seen that the vessels are blackened from the fungus. Until the disease is developed, it is necessary to carry out several spraying with a 5% solution of foundationol.

With bacteriosis foliage becomes soft and turns black... Shrubs cannot be saved from this disease.

Moniliosis can be determined by brown spots on foliage... When a symptom appears, it is necessary to cut off all diseased parts, touching healthy tissue.

Occasionally occurs downy mildew... Wherein leaves are deformed, on them a gray coating appears... The diseased parts must be cut off and treated with Bordeaux fluid. To protect the bush from this disease, it is necessary to apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers on time.

It happens that forsythia does not bloom... There may be a couple of reasons for this - too frequent rejuvenating pruning (note that if you have rejuvenated, then next year the flower buds will not come from and there will be no flowering either), lack of nutrients, frosting of flower buds in winter.

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Forsythia pests

Among the pests nematodes appear most often and are probably the most dangerous. These small worms slow down plant growth, make the roots thin and cause a general weakening of the bush, same the affected areas begin to turn yellow, but it is worth noting that most nematodes infect the roots, so the underground part will turn yellow.

Nematodes do not tolerate dryness and high temperatures well, but with a garden plant it is not possible to carry out the standard procedure for keeping the roots in warm water, as is done with indoor crops. Therefore, all that remains is the introduction of poisons, for example, Nemaphos, Phosphamide.

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Blooming forsythia, strewn with hundreds of bright yellow flowers, is impossible to miss! If the summer resident wants to be decorated with forsythia every spring, planting and care in the open field are key stages on the path to success.

Perennial shrubs, one of the first to break the monochrome of early spring, came to Europe from Asia and were named after the botanist who brought the first seedlings to the Old World. Today forsythia is the most popular type for landscaping and creating hedges.

How and when to organize planting and caring for forsythia in the open field at their summer cottage? What does a shrub need for friendly growth?

Conditions for planting forsythia in the open field

Forsythia is an amazing plant that changes its appearance every season. In spring, these are branches devoid of leaves, but densely strewn with flowers. In summer, the bush is covered with greenery, which in autumn changes color to golden or purple. When looking for a place for forsythia, you should pay attention to areas where the shrub will be clearly visible and illuminated.

Although forsythia tolerate being in the shade, in the sun the bush forms more dense and even. The plant is undemanding to soil fertility, but it develops better on soil with an alkaline reaction, good drainage. Culture:

• undemanding to care;
• has excellent frost resistance, simplifying the wintering of forsythia in the open field;
• tolerates drought well;
• responds well to haircuts and can be used for growing hedges.

There are two options for planting forsythia in the ground: in spring and autumn. In the first case, young shrubs immediately begin to grow after acclimatization, giving new shoots. Bushes transferred to the garden in autumn only take root, and begin to grow after wintering.

Timing of planting forsythia in the ground

The time for transferring seedlings to the garden is chosen depending on the region and the quality of the planting material. Many nurseries today offer young plants with a closed root system. Seedlings grown in containers are transplanted together with an earthen clod, so the roots do not suffer, the bush easily and quickly adapts to a new place of residence. And the summer resident is guaranteed easy care for forsythia in the open field after planting, whenever it happens: in spring, summer or autumn.

For seedlings with an open root system, it is better to plant in the spring months, when the threat of sudden frosts goes away, or in the fall, about a month before the onset of seasonal cold weather. During this period of time, the shrub will acclimatize and be able to prepare for winter.

Since the climatic conditions in the regions of the country are seriously different, there is a significant difference in the timing of planting and caring for forsythia in the open field, in the Moscow region and, for example, in central and northern Siberia, where the heat comes later, and the summer is much shorter:

1. If you delay planting plants in the garden, their adaptation and rooting will be delayed, and the shoots that have dedicated over the summer will not have time to get stronger before the onset of frost.
2. Early spring planting threatens with the danger of freezing of the buds, the tops of the shoots, and with severe frosts on the soil, damage to the points of growth and roots.

In autumn, planting forsythia in the ground also depends on weather and climatic conditions and can vary even within one region, for example, as large as the Urals. If in the south gardeners live according to a calendar similar to that used by summer residents of the middle lane, then in the north the weather is much more severe and changeable.

Planting forsythia in open ground

Forsythia prefer dry, drained soil and do not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil. Therefore, at the bottom of the planting pits 60 cm deep and 50 cm wide, powerful drainage is made from broken brick, expanded clay or gravel. It is especially important not to neglect this measure in areas with dense soil that retains water and where the groundwater is too close. An example is planting and caring for forsythia in the Leningrad region.

A layer of sand and a prepared soil mixture based on:

• 2 pieces of leafy land;
• 1 part peat;
• 1 part sand.

For each hole, 200 grams of sifted wood ash is mixed into the ground.The substrate is poured with a mound, on the sides of which the roots of the bush are spread. After filling the hole, the soil is compacted and watered abundantly at the rate of 10-15 liters per plant. In the fall, after planting forsythia, caring for the shrub consists in dense mulching of the trunk circle. This will help conserve water in the soil and protect the roots from hypothermia.

Mulch will help in spring, especially where summer comes quickly and the soil dries quickly, covered with a dense, impenetrable crust.

Care for forsythia after planting in the open field

An important advantage of forsythia is undemanding and the absence of any special care. In the warm season, shrubs that grow rapidly with minimal care need:

• in irrigation, if there is no natural precipitation, and the soil under the plants is completely dry;
• in maintaining the cleanliness and looseness of the trunk circles;
• in a triple feeding;
• in a haircut that helps maintain the health and shape of the crown.

In hot dry times, the plants are watered abundantly once or twice a month, the field of which is loosened, weeded and mulched. Lowland peat mixed with humus and wood ash can be used as mulch. This composition protects the roots from overheating and is an excellent long-acting fertilizer. In addition, shrubs respond well to full fertilization before and after flowering.

In the second half of summer, you should not fertilize shrubs with nitrogen. It will cause active growth of young shoots, which, even with proper planting and caring for forsythia in the Urals, Siberia and in the middle lane, will not have time to ripen and will die with the onset of frost.

An important part of caring for forsythia is pruning the shrub. For sanitary purposes, the removal of dead, old or damaged branches is carried out in the spring, and a haircut to maintain shape - in early summer, when the mass flowering ends. Until recently, shoots yellow from flowers can be shortened by half the length, and old branches are cut above the ground so that several buds remain at the base.

Once every 3-4 years, forsythia is rejuvenated by evenly cutting all shoots by half or two-thirds of the length. Over the summer, the plant will restore the crown, which will be dense, uniform and young, so that next spring it will please with a friendly bright flowering.

In most regions, the plant winters excellently without shelter. If the winters have little snow, before wintering, forsythia in the open field is gently tilted to the ground, fixed and covered with spruce branches or dense non-woven material. At the first opportunity, the bushes are covered with snow.

Reproduction of forsythia in the open field

The parts of the branches remaining after pruning are an excellent material for obtaining cuttings that will serve for the propagation of forsythia. The green shoots are cut into pieces 10-15 cm long so that each one has several healthy buds. The lower leaves are cut off, and the resulting stalk, after treatment with a rooting stimulant, is planted in a greenhouse.

In autumn, another method of breeding forsythia in the open field is possible. Lignified cuttings are planted in a school organized in a quiet place protected from wind and flooding. For the time remaining before the cold weather, the seedling will give roots, and 2-3 buds left above the surface of the soil will wake up in the spring and form a young crown of a dwarf shrub. In the coming fall, such plants can be planted in a permanent place.

Planting forsythia in a permanent place - video

A beautiful sprawling shrub, reaching a height of about 2.5-3 m, blooms in April-May with luxurious bright yellow bells. Forsythia, planting and care in the open field for which it is absolutely uncomplicated, immediately attracts attention. Against the background of other shrubs and trees that have not yet woken up, it looks very elegant, flowering continues for almost a month.

The most interesting and popular types:

1. European

This type is most widespread.Height - up to 2 m, flowers - rich yellow.

2. Giralda

In appearance it is similar to the European one, but it tolerates the cold worse. The graceful yellow flowers bloom in May.

3. Drooping (drooping)

Spreading crown up to 2.5 m in diameter. The flowers are quite large (up to 3 cm), bright yellow. It has such varieties: deceptive, variegated, Fortune, etc.

4. Ovoid

A small shrub with leaves that acquire a purple hue by autumn. It can be successfully grown even in regions with severe winters. The varieties are known: Tetragold, Spring Glory, etc.

5. White (snowy)

A low (up to 1.5 m) bush, which stands out among other species with an unusual color for forsythia.

6. Greenest (dark green)

Drought tolerant, but very thermophilic shrub, suitable for cultivation in the southern regions. Yellow-green flowers are collected in small bunches.

7. Average (intermediate)

It grows up to 4.5 m in height, bright yellow flowers open in April. It grows very quickly.

Principles of planting forsythia

Planting is carried out in August – early September, so that the plant can take up before the onset of winter cold weather, or in spring. The places for this shrub are sunny, although it can grow normally in partial shade. Planting forsythia in open ground is carried out taking into account the fact that the bushes must have enough space for full development.

The landing pit is formed 50x50 cm in size and 60 cm deep. Drainage (broken brick, expanded clay) is laid at the bottom, then compost or mineral fertilizers (with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus) are added. This culture is completely undemanding to the composition of the soil.

Care after planting for forsythia is reduced to abundant watering of seedlings and mulching with dry fallen leaves. For the winter - be sure to cover with materials that allow air to pass through. The next spring, the shelter is removed.

Rules for caring for a plant in the open field

To get a beautiful healthy plant, do the following:

• watered only in very dry times (waterlogging is detrimental to the plant) - 1 bucket per plant;
• top dressing is applied starting from the third year after planting, at the rate of 100 g of complex fertilizer per bush - 2 times a year: after winter and after flowering;

If the plant lacks nutrients, the number of flowers, their size and color saturation decrease, the shrub loses its decorative effect.

• it is advisable to mulch the near-trunk circle to retain moisture and prevent the growth of weeds;
• pruning is performed correctly and on time - after flowering (removal of faded inflorescences) and in early spring (main);
• weeding and loosening the soil near the bushes.

Pruning and shaping forsythia

Since caring for forsythia in the open field necessarily includes pruning, it must be carried out in accordance with all the rules.

1. The plant is not touched for the first three years after planting.
2. Starting from the 4th year, sanitary and formative pruning of forsythia is carried out in the spring. The first involves removing dead and old branches, thinning the bush for better lighting.
3. Additionally, to add splendor, the shoots are slightly shortened (by 3-4 cm). For greater decorativeness, using a haircut, you can give the bush the shape of a ball.

During the flowering period, forsythia is not pruned.

The thickest unnecessary branches are cut "on a ring", and those that have just faded are shortened a little.

How to prepare a plant for winter?

At the end of the season, you need to pay attention to preparing forsythia for winter. Watering is completed around mid-September so that it could be sheltered by the onset of stable cold weather.

More frost-resistant species of this culture can be simply sprinkled with snow. And, for example, ovoid forsythia requires a full-fledged shelter for the winter, otherwise there is a risk of freezing of flower buds or the death of the entire plant.

Breeding methods for forsythia in the open field

This flowering shrub has 3 methods of propagation: seeds, layering and cuttings.How to propagate forsythia, each grower chooses independently. But the seed method is used extremely rarely, since it is quite laborious and does not always give the expected results (germination rate up to 40%).

For this, seeds are collected in autumn, stored in a dry place in winter. In March, seeds are sown in shallow boxes and covered with foil. The first shoots will appear in a month. The film is removed, the sprouts are watered moderately. Such plants will bloom no earlier than 5-6 years. The most common are the second and third options.

A good effect is obtained when propagating by layering. For this, suitable shoots are selected (closer to the ground), fixed and covered with earth. You can water a little. Already in the spring, young seedlings are ready for separation from an adult bush, and in a year, subject to all the rules of agricultural technology, they should bloom.

In some varieties, the natural rooting of shoots occurs by itself, without outside participation. Shoots fall to the ground and germinate.

Cuttings are also quite popular among gardeners. After the plant has faded, annual cuttings with 2-3 internodes are cut. The leaves located in the upper part are shortened by half, in the lower part they are completely removed. For better rooting, they can be treated with a growth stimulant.

They are planted at a distance of 5-7 cm from each other, creating a mini-greenhouse. With regular watering, the roots are formed by the end of the fifth week. For the winter, seedlings are mulched with a thick layer of compost or dry leaves. In the spring, young specimens are seated in permanent places.

Lack of flowering: reasons

Sometimes it happens that the bush develops well, grows, but flowers do not appear. The reasons why forsythia does not bloom can be different.

1. Nutrient Deficiency

Despite all the unpretentiousness, the shrub requires periodic fertilization; on very poor soils, it may not bloom.

2. Illiterate pruning

It must be remembered that flowers form on one- and two-year-old shoots, so if you cut too much, flowering will be delayed for more than one year. Pruning old branches is also best done gradually.

3. No clipping

Strongly thickened bushes also usually do not please with an abundant number of flowers: shoots not removed in time take on some of the nutrients. Plus, such a bush does not have enough sunlight on many branches.

4. Improper winter care

Especially true for delicate varieties. Freezing of flower buds (in the absence of proper shelter) will inevitably lead to the fact that the forsythia will not bloom in the spring.

Planting and further caring for forsythia will not cause much trouble if you protect it from possible pests and diseases.

• Withering - with this disease, the branches begin to wither for no apparent reason. You need to fight it by spraying the branches with foundation.
• Bacteriosis - unfortunately, this disease is incurable. Characterized by a sharp yellowing and wilting of the entire bush. Affected specimens must be immediately dug up and burned to avoid spreading the disease.
• Moniliosis - dark spots form on the leaves. Infected shoots are removed, the rest of the bush is treated with Bordeaux liquid.

Forsythias fit perfectly into the overall landscape composition. They can be planted in the center of the flower bed, supplemented with juniper. In the foreground, lower flowers or decorative leafy plants are planted.

Forsythia: features of a plant and rules for caring for it on video

You can learn more about forsythia in the video:

Plant an unusual shrub (sometimes a tree) called forsythia. From the Latin Forsythia, the beauty is also called forsythia. Outwardly, it is an ornamental flowering shrub with bright yellow medium-sized flowers. In the spring, it is covered with a golden cloud of fragrant inflorescences.

The plant is compact in size, but can reach a height of 3 meters, depending on the variety. Bell-shaped flowers bloom in early spring and are pleasing to the eye for almost a month.In Europe, beauty is found everywhere, as an integral part of urban design. It is worth paying attention to her and our gardeners.

Growing conditions for forsythia

The shrub is very unpretentious, but nevertheless, several conditions will have to be met:

• Forsythia loves sunny plots, but also tolerates partial shade.
• Slightly alkaline soils are preferred; acidic soils are recommended to be alkalized with lime or dolomite flour.
• To achieve a high decorative effect of your landscape composition with the participation of forsythia, plant a juniper or other low-growing conifers next to it.
• Keep in mind that forsythia leaves turn purple-violet or golden in autumn, which can also be used effectively in your garden.
• It is preferable to choose a place protected from strong winds.
• It is advisable to mulch the soil with a layer of needles or other mulching material.

When and how to plant forsythia

Forsythia photo landing

Planting or replanting forsythia should be done in early autumn or spring, when there is no chance of night frosts. It is important that the plant, during autumn planting, has time to take root before the dormant and wintering period begins.

• For planting, a pit is prepared, somewhat larger than the size of the roots of the acquired seedling. Usually this is a hole with a diameter of about 60 cm and a depth of half a meter.
• The distance between the forsythia bushes is at least 1.5 meters.
• If at the chosen place there is a possibility of flooding with melt water, make drainage: the pit is deepened somewhat and broken brick, gravel, small stones are laid on the bottom, and sand and garden soil are already on top.
• For an autumn planting, a mandatory shelter for the winter with a thick layer of fallen leaves or straw (30-40 cm) is required. It will even be possible to pre-heat the earth in the near-trunk zone, but in the spring it is imperative to remove the shelter so that the roots do not come out.

For the first two weeks, forsythia is regularly watered as the soil dries up in the holes. But you shouldn't be too zealous either: it is harmful to flood the plant.

How to care for forsythia

What Forsythia loved by all is its unpretentiousness. Usually, the rainfall is enough for the bush. Only in abnormal heat conditions will the plant need help, sometimes pouring a bucket of water under each bush.

Particularly attentive gardeners can take care of planting forsythia by applying organic fertilizers in the fall: rotted compost or humus, scattered over the surface of the earth with a layer of 10-20 cm, will become an excellent shelter for the winter, a source of nutrients for development in the coming season. In the spring, you can feed the plants with phosphorus-containing mineral fertilizers to stimulate flowering. For example, natroamofoskoy (a tablespoon in a bucket of water, consumption of 1-2 liters of solution under a bush). At the end of flowering, top dressing with Kemira-lux or potassium nitrate is desirable according to the instructions. This will help prepare the plant for the upcoming flowering and wintering season.

Winter hardiness of forsythia

It is best to grow ovoid forsythia in central Russia, the winter hardiness of which is above average. Such a beauty survives even in the Urals and Siberia, but requires shelter for the winter.

Propagation of forsythia by cuttings

Forsythia propagation by cuttings photo

Most often, green cuttings are used: in the month of June, green young twigs 10-15 cm long are cut and planted in cups with nutrient soil, covered with sachets or transparent plastic cups on top.

Before planting, it is advisable to keep the cuttings in a solution of heteroauxin or root for a day, which will stimulate root formation. In about a month and a half, the cuttings will release new shoots, which will be evidence of rooting. In September, they can be planted in the ground, and before frost, they can be insulated with a layer of earth and fallen leaves for a successful winter.

You can cut woody cuttings in October and bury them right in the garden, leaving them under cover for the winter. In the spring, the shelter is removed, and the cuttings quickly release young shoots. By the fall, the seedlings will be ready for planting in a permanent place.

The video will tell you about the propagation of forsythia by cuttings at home:

Propagation of forsythia by layering

Twigs, bent and pinned to the ground, slightly dug in, quickly root at the ditch. especially if you make a small incision in the bark at the pinning site. Layers can be made almost throughout the warm season, starting in spring and ending in autumn. After a year, you will get an excellent seedling, which can be separated from the mother bush and planted in the place you need.

Pruning and shaping forsythia

Forsythia tolerates pruning, but it should not be abused. Young bushes are subjected only to sanitary pruning, removing frozen, dry and diseased branches. Only in the 3-4th year can you start formative pruning, giving the bush the desired shape: spherical or rectangular. Remember that you can cut no more than a third of the length of the branches to keep the forsythia blooming. By cutting up to 6 cm at the ends of the branches, you risk nothing and can safely experiment.

If the bush is already old, it can be rejuvenated by radical pruning, leaving only a third of the length of the branches. This will stimulate the active growth of young branches. But such an operation can be carried out no more often than once every three to four years.

When to prune forsythia?

Sanitary pruning of forsythia is usually done in spring, and shaping pruning - in autumn or summer, after flowering.

Pests and diseases of forsythia

Forsythia is very rarely sick and affected by pests. However, the danger still exists.

• The appearance of brown spots on the leaves indicates the development of moniliosis. Sanitary pruning of all affected parts and treatment of the shrub with a fungicide will be required.
• The appearance of nematodes is recognized by the fact that the bush stops growing and even withers. We need to treat the soil with carbation.
• If the bush began to wither sharply, urgently treat it with a five percent foundation solution.
• If you notice signs of rot, spreading quickly, this is a sign of bacteriosis. It will not be possible to save the diseased bush, it must be dug up and burned as soon as possible so that the disease does not spread to neighboring plants.

Forsythia in autumn Preparing for winter

Young bushes can freeze slightly, so do not be too lazy to cover them by shoveling up the ground and covering them with leaves. The branches need to be bent and pinned to the ground, covered with spruce branches. In winter, it is good to warm up the snow on top. In early spring, the shelter should be removed, the branches should be freed from spruce branches. It is important to do this on time (before the start of sap flow) so as not to disrupt the natural cycle of plant development. Mature shrubs do not bend to the ground, but root cover is still necessary.

Forsythia in landscape design

Forsythia in landscape design photo

Forsythia is often planted together with evergreens: conifers, boxwood, periwinkle, holly, etc. Blooming in early spring, the shrub looks spectacular against the backdrop of greenery.

Shrub forsythia planting and care Photo with flowers

You can plant lawn grass under the forsythia, which will also be an excellent background for the golden flowers of the shrub. And next to break a flower bed with primroses or daffodils known to all.

How to plant forsythia Bagryannik and forsythia photo

Forsythia is planted next to the canadian scarlet, such joint plantings look fantastic: delicate purple and bright yellow flowers create a great combination.

Forsythia hedge photo

Blooming forsythia, strewn with hundreds of bright yellow flowers, is impossible to miss! If the summer resident wants to be decorated with forsythia every spring, planting and care in the open field are key stages on the path to success.

Perennial shrubs, one of the first to break the monochrome of early spring, came to Europe from Asia and were named after the botanist who brought the first seedlings to the Old World. Today forsythia is the most popular type for landscaping and creating hedges.

How and when to organize planting and caring for forsythia in the open field at their summer cottage? What does a shrub need for friendly growth?

Conditions for planting forsythia in the open field

Forsythia is an amazing plant that changes its appearance every season. In the spring, these are branches devoid of leaves, but densely strewn with flowers. In summer, the bush is covered with greenery, which changes color to golden or purple in autumn. When looking for a place for forsythia, you should pay attention to areas where the shrub will be clearly visible and illuminated.

Although forsythia tolerate being in the shade, in the sun the bush forms more dense and even. The plant is undemanding to soil fertility, but it develops better on soil with an alkaline reaction, good drainage. Culture:

• undemanding to care;
• has excellent frost resistance, simplifying the wintering of forsythia in the open field;
• tolerates drought well;
• responds well to haircuts and can be used for growing hedges.

There are two options for planting forsythia in the ground: in spring and in autumn. In the first case, young shrubs immediately begin to grow after acclimatization, giving new shoots. Bushes transferred to the garden in autumn only take root, and begin to grow after wintering.

Timing of planting forsythia in the ground

The time for transferring seedlings to the garden is chosen depending on the region and the quality of the planting material. Many nurseries today offer young plants with a closed root system. Seedlings grown in containers are transplanted together with an earthen clod, so the roots do not suffer, the bush easily and quickly adapts to a new place of residence. And the summer resident is guaranteed easy care for forsythia in the open field after planting, whenever it happens: in spring, summer or autumn.

For seedlings with an open root system, it is better to plant in the spring months, when the threat of sudden frosts goes away, or in the fall, about a month before the onset of seasonal cold weather. During this period of time, the shrub will acclimatize and be able to prepare for winter.

Since the climatic conditions in the regions of the country are seriously different, there is a significant difference in the timing of planting and caring for forsythia in the open field, in the Moscow region and, for example, in central and northern Siberia, where the heat comes later, and the summer is much shorter:

1. If you delay planting plants in the garden, their adaptation and rooting will be delayed, and the shoots that have dedicated over the summer will not have time to get stronger before the onset of frost.
2. Early spring planting threatens with the danger of freezing of the buds, tops of the shoots, and in case of severe frosts on the soil, damage to the points of growth and roots.

In autumn, planting forsythia in the ground also depends on weather and climatic conditions and can vary even within one region, for example, as large as the Urals. If in the south gardeners live according to a calendar similar to that used by summer residents of the middle lane, then in the north the weather is much more severe and changeable.

Planting forsythia in open ground

Forsythia prefer dry, drained soil and do not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil. Therefore, at the bottom of the planting pits 60 cm deep and 50 cm wide, powerful drainage is made from broken brick, expanded clay or gravel. It is especially important not to neglect this measure in areas with dense soil that retains water and where groundwater is too close. An example is planting and caring for forsythia in the Leningrad region.

A layer of sand and a previously prepared soil mixture are poured over the drainage on the basis of:

• 2 pieces of leafy land;
• 1 part peat;
• 1 part sand.

For each hole, 200 grams of sifted wood ash is mixed into the ground.The substrate is poured with a mound, on the sides of which the roots of the bush are spread. After filling the hole, the soil is compacted and watered abundantly at the rate of 10-15 liters per plant. In the fall, after planting forsythia, caring for the shrub consists in dense mulching of the trunk circle. This will help conserve water in the soil and protect the roots from hypothermia.

Mulch will help in spring, especially where summer comes quickly, and the soil dries quickly, covered with a dense, impenetrable crust.

Care for forsythia after planting in the open field

An important advantage of forsythia is undemanding and the absence of any special care. In the warm season, shrubs that grow rapidly with minimal care need:

• in irrigation, if there is no natural precipitation, and the soil under the plants is completely dry;
• in maintaining the cleanliness and looseness of the trunk circles;
• in a triple feeding;
• in a haircut that helps maintain the health and shape of the crown.

In hot dry times, the plants are watered abundantly once or twice a month, the field of which is loosened, weeded and mulched. Lowland peat mixed with humus and wood ash can be used as mulch. This composition protects the roots from overheating and is an excellent long-acting fertilizer. In addition, shrubs respond well to full fertilization before and after flowering.

In the second half of summer, you should not fertilize shrubs with nitrogen. It will cause active growth of young shoots, which, even with proper planting and caring for forsythia in the Urals, Siberia and in the middle lane, will not have time to ripen and will die with the onset of frost.

An important part of caring for forsythia is pruning the shrub. For sanitary purposes, the removal of dead, old or damaged branches is carried out in the spring, and a haircut to maintain shape - in early summer, when the mass flowering ends. Until recently, shoots yellow from flowers can be shortened by half the length, and old branches are cut above the ground so that several buds remain at the base.

Once every 3-4 years, forsythia is rejuvenated by evenly cutting all shoots by half or two-thirds of the length. Over the summer, the plant will restore the crown, which will be dense, uniform and young, so that next spring it will please with a friendly bright flowering.

In most regions, the plant winters excellently without shelter. If the winters have little snow, before wintering, forsythia in the open field is gently tilted to the ground, fixed and covered with spruce branches or dense non-woven material. At the first opportunity, the bushes are covered with snow.

Reproduction of forsythia in the open field

The remaining parts of the branches after pruning are an excellent material for obtaining cuttings that will serve for the propagation of forsythia. The green shoots are cut into pieces 10-15 cm long so that each one has several healthy buds. The lower leaves are cut off, and the resulting stalk, after treatment with a rooting stimulant, is planted in a greenhouse.

In the fall, another method for breeding forsythia in the open field is possible. Lignified cuttings are planted in a school organized in a quiet place protected from wind and flooding. For the time remaining before the cold weather, the seedling will give roots, and 2-3 buds left above the surface of the soil will wake up in the spring and form a young crown of a dwarf shrub. In the coming fall, such plants can be planted in a permanent place.

Planting forsythia in a permanent place - video

Blooming forsythia, strewn with hundreds of bright yellow flowers, is impossible to miss! If the summer resident wants to be decorated with forsythia every spring, planting and care in the open field are key stages on the path to success.

Perennial shrubs, one of the first to break the monochrome of early spring, came to Europe from Asia and were named after the botanist who brought the first seedlings to the Old World. Today forsythia is the most popular type for landscaping and creating hedges.

How and when to organize planting and caring for forsythia in the open field at their summer cottage? What does a shrub need for friendly growth?

Conditions for planting forsythia in the open field

Forsythia is an amazing plant that changes its appearance every season. In the spring, these are branches devoid of leaves, but densely strewn with flowers. In summer, the bush is covered with greenery, which changes color to golden or purple in autumn. When looking for a place for forsythia, you should pay attention to areas where the shrub will be clearly visible and illuminated.

Although forsythia tolerate being in the shade, in the sun the bush forms more dense and even. The plant is undemanding to soil fertility, but it develops better on soil with an alkaline reaction, good drainage. Culture:

• undemanding to care;
• has excellent frost resistance, simplifying the wintering of forsythia in the open field;
• tolerates drought well;
• responds well to haircuts and can be used for growing hedges.

There are two options for planting forsythia in the ground: in spring and in autumn. In the first case, young shrubs immediately begin to grow after acclimatization, giving new shoots. Bushes transferred to the garden in autumn only take root, and begin to grow after wintering.

Timing of planting forsythia in the ground

The time for transferring seedlings to the garden is chosen depending on the region and the quality of the planting material. Many nurseries today offer young plants with a closed root system. Seedlings grown in containers are transplanted together with an earthen clod, so the roots do not suffer, the bush easily and quickly adapts to a new place of residence. And the summer resident is guaranteed easy care for forsythia in the open field after planting, whenever it happens: in spring, summer or autumn.

For seedlings with an open root system, it is better to plant in the spring months, when the threat of sudden frosts goes away, or in the fall, about a month before the onset of seasonal cold weather. During this period of time, the shrub will acclimatize and be able to prepare for winter.

Since the climatic conditions in the regions of the country are seriously different, there is a significant difference in the timing of planting and caring for forsythia in the open field, in the Moscow region and, for example, in central and northern Siberia, where the heat comes later, and the summer is much shorter:

1. If you delay planting plants in the garden, their adaptation and rooting will be delayed, and the shoots that have dedicated over the summer will not have time to get stronger before the onset of frost.
2. Early spring planting threatens with the danger of freezing of the buds, tops of the shoots, and in case of severe frosts on the soil, damage to the points of growth and roots.

In autumn, planting forsythia in the ground also depends on weather and climatic conditions and can vary even within one region, for example, as large as the Urals. If in the south gardeners live according to a calendar similar to that used by summer residents of the middle lane, then in the north the weather is much more severe and changeable.

Planting forsythia in open ground

Forsythia prefer dry, drained soil and do not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil. Therefore, at the bottom of the planting pits 60 cm deep and 50 cm wide, powerful drainage is made from broken brick, expanded clay or gravel. It is especially important not to neglect this measure in areas with dense soil that retains water and where groundwater is too close. An example is planting and caring for forsythia in the Leningrad region.

A layer of sand and a previously prepared soil mixture are poured over the drainage on the basis of:

• 2 pieces of leafy land;
• 1 part peat;
• 1 part sand.

For each hole, 200 grams of sifted wood ash is mixed into the ground. The substrate is poured with a mound, on the sides of which the roots of the bush are spread. After filling the hole, the soil is compacted and watered abundantly at the rate of 10-15 liters per plant.In the fall, after planting forsythia, caring for the shrub consists in dense mulching of the trunk circle. This will help conserve water in the soil and protect the roots from hypothermia.

Mulch will help in spring, especially where summer comes quickly, and the soil dries quickly, covered with a dense, impenetrable crust.

Caring for forsythia after planting in the open field

An important advantage of forsythia is its simplicity and the absence of any special care. In the warm season, shrubs that grow rapidly with minimal care need:

• in irrigation, if there is no natural precipitation, and the soil under the plants is completely dry;
• in maintaining the cleanliness and looseness of the trunk circles;
• in a triple feeding;
• in a haircut that helps maintain the health and shape of the crown.

In hot dry times, the plants are watered abundantly once or twice a month, the field of which is loosened, weeded and mulched. Lowland peat mixed with humus and wood ash can be used as mulch. This composition protects the roots from overheating and is an excellent long-acting fertilizer. In addition, shrubs respond well to full fertilization before and after flowering.

In the second half of summer, you should not fertilize shrubs with nitrogen. It will cause active growth of young shoots, which, even with proper planting and caring for forsythia in the Urals, Siberia and in the middle lane, will not have time to ripen and will die with the onset of frost.

An important part of caring for forsythia is pruning the shrub. For sanitary purposes, the removal of dead, old or damaged branches is carried out in the spring, and a haircut to maintain shape - in early summer, when the mass flowering ends. Until recently, shoots yellow from flowers can be shortened by half the length, and old branches are cut above the ground so that several buds remain at the base.

Once every 3-4 years, forsythia is rejuvenated by evenly cutting all shoots by half or two-thirds of the length. Over the summer, the plant will restore the crown, which will be dense, uniform and young, so that next spring it will please with a friendly bright flowering.

In most regions, the plant winters excellently without shelter. If the winters have little snow, before wintering, forsythia in the open field is gently tilted to the ground, fixed and covered with spruce branches or dense non-woven material. At the first opportunity, the bushes are covered with snow.

Reproduction of forsythia in the open field

The remaining parts of the branches after pruning are an excellent material for obtaining cuttings that will serve for the propagation of forsythia. The green shoots are cut into pieces 10-15 cm long so that each one has several healthy buds. The lower leaves are cut off, and the resulting stalk, after treatment with a rooting stimulant, is planted in a greenhouse.

In the fall, another method for breeding forsythia in the open field is possible. Lignified cuttings are planted in a school organized in a quiet place protected from wind and flooding. For the time remaining before the cold weather, the seedling will give roots, and 2-3 buds left above the surface of the soil will wake up in the spring and form a young crown of a dwarf shrub. In the coming fall, such plants can be planted in a permanent place.

Planting forsythia in a permanent place - video

In early spring, forsythia bushes bloom their golden-yellow flowers. Against the background of a still completely dark meadow, the gold of bells with a heady aroma looks like a weightless cloud. The branches of the bush are flexible and long, they are strewn with flowers from the very end to the trunk, which will delight the eye for about 20-25 days. And only after the forsythia in the Urals fades, jagged leaves will appear on the bushes, the foliage will fall off in the fall, the bush will again bring gold flowering in the next early spring.

Forsythia varieties for growing in the Urals

On the territory of Russia in the Urals region, varieties are grown: drooping, oval and intermediate.A little further south you can find varieties of dark green and European forsythia, but they require shelter for the winter. In the middle Urals, it is better to grow an intermediate variety. It is a hybrid of drooping forsythia and dark green, characterized by beautiful toothed oblong or oval leaves, flowers are bright yellow bells, collected in inflorescences of several pieces. It tolerates frost and drought well, propagates by layering or dividing the bush.

Seeds for reproduction of forsythia are practically not used, their germination capacity is small. At the age of three, forsythia begins to bloom, flowering lasts a little less than a month, after which bright foliage appears, which does not fall until the first frost.

Among all varieties of shrubs, it is worth highlighting:

• Densely colored forsythia (densiflora), sprawling branches, strongly twisted flowers of light yellow hue;
• Forsythia remarkable (spectabilis), a tall shrub with straight branches, large flowers up to 4 cm in diameter, up to 4 bright yellow flowers in the inflorescence, is considered the most beautiful variety;
• Forsythia primrose (primulina) - resembles dense-flowered, wavy petals, flowers are located at the base of the branches;
• An interesting variety "Beatrix Farrand" is a very tall shrub, reaches 4 m in height, the flowers are yellow, at the base there is a dark strip;
• "Lynwood" - grows up to 3 m, flower diameter 3.5 cm, blooms profusely, leaves change color from green to purple;
• "Fiesta" is a low bush (up to 1.5 m), large golden-yellow flowers, green leaves with a tint of yellow, beautiful decorative spots on the entire leaf surface;
• "Veriegata" - with serrated leaves, there is a variety with variegated leaves;
• "Parkdekor" is one of the most winter-hardy varieties. It has flowers up to 5.5 cm in diameter, blooms very early, shrub growth up to 2 m;
• For the Urals, the egg-shaped forsythia variety "Dresden Forfrühling" is perfect - it blooms profusely, winter-hardy, the diameter of light yellow flowers is up to 4 cm;
• Low variety "Tetragold" - shrub about 1 m, shows the earliest flowering;
• Forsythia "Spring Glory" with an interesting color of autumn foliage: pale purple or light yellow. The bell diameter is up to 3 cm.

How young forsythia bushes are grown

It is necessary to plant young forsythia bushes in the Urals in light soil, rich in humus and leafy soil; it is advisable to lighten the soil with expanded clay or river sand. Poorly tolerates acidic soil. Choose a well-lit location that is sheltered from the winds for planting. It will grow well in partial shade.

Prepare a hole for planting a bush up to 0.7 m deep, drainage with a layer thickness of up to 20 cm is required.As drainage, you can use:

• Broken brick;
• Expanded clay;
• River sand.

Plants are planted in a permanent place in the fall, between the bushes they maintain a distance of up to 2 m.

For good growth and abundant flowering, fertilizing in spring with mineral fertilizers is needed. It is not recommended to overdo it with watering. Forsythia tolerates dry soil better than excess moisture. After watering, it is recommended to mulch the ground around the bush. If mineral fertilizers are not applied, then you can once in the spring overlay the bush with burnt manure on all sides, and then water it abundantly. In the spring, before flowering, carefully examine forsythia in the Urals and remove frozen and dried branches.

Plant care in winter, forsythia disease

If a harsh winter is expected, it is advisable to bend the branches to the ground and overlay it with spruce branches. If you wish, you can cut off the branches shortly, they grow back almost instantly, again forming a lush crown. Forsythia is a fairly resistant plant to pests and diseases. Occasionally, for the prevention of diseases, the plant can be sprayed with foundation. Very rarely, it suffers from bacteriosis - such a plant must be completely removed from the site and the soil must be processed. Also, a plant nematode is rarely found - as a treatment, soil treatment with carbation is needed.

Forsythia is an ornamental shrub plant of exceptional beauty that looks great in single and group plantings.

Agrees well with other plants, especially in spring, against the background of coniferous shrubs or trees, amphora.

It is used as a hedge, as it tolerates a haircut well and at the same time retains the ability to bloom profusely.

Forsythia is a sprawling and tall shrub from the Olive family. Plant height can reach three meters. East Asia is considered the homeland of this culture, but for a long time forsythia has been able to grow freely on the territory of the European part of Russia, in the Urals, as well as in Siberia itself. It attracts gardeners with its landscape properties and decorativeness, and is also appreciated for its spectacular and early flowering.

With the onset of spring and the establishment of warm weather the first bell-shaped flowers of a golden hue develop, when the first leaves do not yet grow on the shoots. Against the backdrop of a gray and bare garden area, sun balls, densely covered with flowers, look incredible.

But one should not forget that regardless of the beauty of the plant, it also needs to be properly and fully cared for. For the successful cultivation and flowering of a plant, you need to understand what features the planting and maintenance of forsythia in the open field in different regions of our country carries.

Features of planting and growing a flower

Forsythia, which in Europe is called porsation, has become the real queen of city parks and neighborhoods, with the help of its unpretentious qualities, as well as eco-friendly plasticity... But in order to get an abundant flowering process and bright flowers from a plant, you should try to create the best flowering conditions for it.

When choosing a landing site plants should give their preference to sunny places, but even in partial shade, the culture will grow well. It will be better if there is some kind of protection from winds and drafts near the plant. The soil for planting should have a large amount of useful trace elements. Moreover, it should be light and completely breathable, without much stagnation of moisture inside. Heavy and acidic soil types should be prepared in advance. The plant can grow well on calcareous soils.

Forsythia is considered a drought tolerant plant. and therefore needs frequent watering, as a rule, the flower has enough natural precipitation that falls with rains. Waterlogging, stagnant melt water, as well as a poor level of aeration of the plant rhizomes can negatively affect the plant.

Wintering plants

Forsythia exhibits a high index of winter hardiness, but when growing in Siberia and the Urals, it needs shelter in the winter period. In these areas, it is worth choosing as a planting site those areas that come out on the south side and will warm well throughout the winter period.

For the European part of Russia are divided There are three main types of forsythia: hanging (drooping), ovoid and hybrid (in another way, intermediate). In the southern part of Russia, European endangered, as well as dark green, are grown. With all this, it is worth carefully reviewing the characteristics and planting features of some plant varieties.

How to propagate forsythia?

1. The breeding process takes place mainly in the autumn. It should be noted right away that the seed method of reproduction, of course, can be used, but it is not worth the efforts of the grower. This breeding method should be left to the breeders.
2. Like other varieties of shrubs in private gardening, forsythia is most often propagated by vegetation: cuttings, as well as layering. Propagating a culture by layering is the easiest way of all. In this way, you can easily and quickly get a new seedling.In the autumn period, plastic and falling branches bend down to the soil itself, you need to make a small cut in the bark area, for reliable fixation of the branches it is worth digging in moist, loose, fertile soil.
3. Already with the coming of next spring, the grower will have a new seedling, which should be separated from the main mother plant. During the summer season, the plant will create powerful rhizomes, and by autumn it can already be transplanted to a permanent growing area. With this method of cultivation, the flowering of the bush will occur as early as 2-3 years of its existence.
4. Also in the autumn (September - October), the plant should be propagated using lignified cuttings. For this process, it is worth collecting ripe shoots from the new year and cut into cuttings 15 centimeters long, and then planted in open ground or in a special greenhouse, deepening the cutting into the soil to a depth of 10 centimeters, so that there is still room for the development of two or three buds ... For the winter, cuttings should be covered with dry leaves, creating a layer of protection, and sprinkled with snow throughout the winter.

Flower rooting, care

Rooting process, as well as the growth of planting material will occur throughout the entire growing season of the plant and only by autumn the grown seedlings can be transplanted into the territory of permanent growth. The flowering process will occur a little later than with the first propagation method, but the cuttings procedure helps to obtain more material for planting. This technique is convenient and comfortable with a special desire to plant a hedge in your summer cottage, as well as create a certain alley.

In the summer season, in June you can reproduce forsythia with green cuttings. They should be cut from a young growth, the lower sheets should be completely removed, and the upper ones should be reduced several times. This time, it will be necessary to process the cuttings with special growth stimulants and cover the plantings in a greenhouse, and in open ground conditions with film or glass. The shelter is made to preserve the moisture needed by the plant. Also, at the same time, you can increase the number of maintenance work: watering, spraying and airing the room.

Features of planting a plant and the implementation of care

1. Despite the fact that forsythia can be planted in the ground both in spring and in spring, it is best to carry out such a procedure in the autumn period (at the beginning of the process of leaves falling from trees), since in spring you can simply not have time before the active sap flow of plants begins.
2. Forsythia should be awakened from the winter dormant period quite early, since at the beginning of spring and without ornamental crops, there are quite a lot of gardening work. If, nevertheless, it is extremely necessary to plant a plant in the spring, then it is best to use seedlings with a closed type of root system. They do not tolerate transplantation so negatively and can quickly adapt to the changing environment around them.
3. A pit for planting a culture should be prepared with a length and width of 60 centimeters, its depth should be 70 centimeters; for a drainage layer at the bottom of the pit, it is worth using crushed stone or broken brick. The soil mixture for high-quality filling of the hole should include rotted leaves from trees, garden soil, humus, and fine sand. For this, you can also use a small amount of lime, chalk and turf ash. Planting in the autumn in the first year of planting, regardless of the area of ​​growth and the variety of forsythia, should be additionally covered for the winter. The near-trunk circle of the culture should be mulched with dry leaves, the above-ground area should be protected with specialized material for high-quality shelter from frost and moisture.

Forsythia does not need strong attention, care and even feels much better when she is forgotten for a while.In spring, you can make a certain top dressing of the culture with a reduced dose of complex fertilizer, as well as additional organic matter in the form of mulch from humus, as well as compost. In autumn, on soils poor in organic composition, it is worth feeding with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Optimal feeding with universal complex forms of fertilizer can positively affect the flowering process, but an excess of fertilizer can reduce the winter hardiness index, as well as negatively affect the decorative effect of the flower.

In its natural growth environment, forsythia most often grows on mountain slopes, therefore it is able to resiliently tolerate dry soil. Excessive moisture in the soil affects the plant's condition much more negatively. In summer, it should be watered only at a time when prolonged droughts occur, but not too abundantly and not more than once a week. With all this, it is imperative to loosen the upper soil layer to restore the air chambers in the plant.

The main procedure that should take place in the spring is considered phytosanitary plant pruning, during which all dead, dried, as well as broken or diseased parts of the shoots are eliminated. Old shrubs should be regularly rejuvenated, while cutting off about half of the entire length of the shoot. The process of forming pruning should be carried out immediately after the flowering of the plant, while giving the shrub the shape of a ball or creating an even hedge of a living character.

In the process of cutting a flower, you should not touch the young shrub, since it is on it that the buds bloom for the new spring season. All old lignified shoots should be completely eliminated, and young ones should only be slightly shortened in length to further stimulate the branching process. Forsythia is able to grow at a fairly fast pace and tolerate the pruning process well, but you should not overdo it at this time, so that unrestrained growth of shoots does not occur, which will be accompanied by a meager flowering process of the culture.

Forsythia in the Moscow region with proper care and selection of high-quality varieties, it can perfectly survive the winter period with minimal shelters created for this (mulching the plant's near-stem circles with dry leaves or a separate spruce branch). Even if the winter is very harsh and with little snow, only a young growth can die, but the shrub itself in a short period of time will be able to recover to the initial level.

But for the territory of Siberia and the Urals, it is imperative to create a complete cultural shelter. In young plants, shoots begin to actively nestle on the ground and are covered with spruce branches or agrofibre. It is possible to protect the roots by wrapping it with the appropriate covering material.

Forsythia on the territory of the garden: with what plants and where is it worth planting?

1. Forsythia blooms in mid-April (for the Moscow region and the entire central zone of Russia) or in May (for Siberia and the Urals). The flowering period reaches only three weeks, and after that light or dark green leaves begin to replace the yellow bells. The plant does not lose its decorative effect even with the advent of autumn, when the leaves turn purple or golden.
2. On the territory of European gardens, forsythia is very common in landscape design; it is found more and more often in Russia.
3. Also, the plant is able to combine well with evergreen varieties of conifers, they will look especially complex at the time of joint flowering of plants.

Single planting culture, if the shape of the plant is spherical and formed against a well-groomed background of a green lawn, it will help to give the garden an unusual and attractive appearance.

Hanging-type varieties (drooping) forsythia are used for the trellis process, growing near the walls of houses or decorating additional arbors.

With the arrival of late autumn, completing the flowering season of the garden, you should cut off several shoots from forsythia, wrap them with a special film and put them in a cool place (in the refrigerator in the house or in the cellar). In winter, the shoots can be placed in water with diluted honey, so the room will immediately fill with the bright yellow color of the blossoming forsythia in a couple of days.

The most common and universal type of forcing is considered an intermediate... It has a good winter hardiness and is very decorative. Moreover, all other plant varieties also deserve the attention of flower growers.

> Is it possible to grow forsythia in the Urals? You can, if you plant it correctly and provide proper care for the Forsythia, you will enjoy its beauty in your own garden, and not in the photo.

Varieties and varieties

The Asian beauty Forsythia was the conqueror of European gardeners in the 18th century. In the spring, when the garden is just awakening from winter sleep - forsythia is already blooming with a fluffy yellow cloud, young leaves appear later, the unique plant delights.

Forsythia bloom

There are several types of forsythia, in the Urals only three types feel comfortable, which we will consider:

Forsythia intermediate is a winter-hardy species, effective in hedges and single plantings, as in the photo. On the basis of this species, interesting varieties have been obtained:

• Denziflora - needs a good winter shelter, grows up to 1.5 m;
• Spectabilis is a very beautiful variety, the height of the bush reaches 1 m;

Variety Spectabilis

• Lynwood - blooms for two weeks in May, reaches 2 - 3 m.

Forsythia hanging needs shelter, its varieties are very decorative:

• Siebolda - a short bush, shoots spread;

Siebold's variety

• Variegata - distinguished by yellow leaves and flowers;
• Artokaulis - has purple leaves and shoots.

Forsythia ovoid is considered to be the most winter-hardy. It grows well and quickly. Blooms earlier than other types of forsythia, flowering lasts 12 -20 days. Very decorative in autumn. Ovate forsythia varieties:

• Goldsauber - blooms for three weeks, tolerates frost well;
• Spring Glory - blooms for two weeks, the bush reaches 3 m;
• Dresdner Forfrühling - up to 2 m;
• Tetragold - blooms for three weeks, the bush grows up to 1 m tall;

Ovoid forsythia bush

• Melissa is a new variety with a compact crown and large flowers;
• Vic End blooms early, shoots grow upward.

Advice. Forsythia needs formative pruning. But do not get too carried away with this, otherwise the bush will grow, and the flowering will become scarce. It is enough to remove a third of the faded shoot.

Planting and leaving

Forsythia is very fond of sunlit areas, but can grow in partial shade. The plant does not have any special requirements for the soil, it can grow even on heavy soils, the main thing is that water does not stagnate there. On acidic soils, it slows down in growth. It is not afraid of drought, because at home it grows in the mountains.

It is better to plant the plant in the fall, since in the spring you can not guess the timing of planting, and forsythia begins the growing season early. Pits of a suitable size are prepared, drainage is laid on the bottom with a layer of up to 20 cm. You can use expanded clay, crushed stone or broken brick remaining from the construction site. Pour sand and soil mixture. If you do not have very good land on the site, prepare a mixture of humus and leafy soil, this will help the plant to start growing well. Sour soil is lime or wood ash is added. After planting, the seedling is watered, weeds are removed, and mulched.

Choose a sunny spot for planting forsythia

If the rainfall is regular and in sufficient quantity, then additional watering of the forsythia is not needed. In hot weather without precipitation, water the plant a couple of times a month using a bucket of water on the bush.

In severe frosts, especially in the Urals, flower buds and shoot ends can be severely damaged. For the winter, forsythia should be covered with spruce branches, spunbond, straw. In the spring, before forsythia begins to bloom, it is necessary to inspect the plant and carry out sanitary pruning of damaged shoots.

Advice. Observe the distance between forsythia bushes when planting - at least 1.5-2 m.

Fertilization and feeding

In early spring, the plant needs nitrogen fertilizers, because forsythia grows leaf apparatus and young shoots. You can use an infusion of chicken manure or mullein diluted with water. Or apply any complex fertilizer. Good results are obtained by introducing humus. Any organic matter introduced into the trunk circle will serve as mulch and fertilizer at the same time.

Advice. European and dark green forsythia is thermophilic; the climatic conditions of the Urals are not suitable for it.

Reproduction

Forsythia reproduces well during the season. This can be done with root suckers, seeds, green and lily cuttings, horizontal or arcuate cuttings.

Seeds sown in boxes in early spring. Seedlings appear in a month, they dive in the second year of life, covered with mulch, they winter well. Bloom in 5 years. Seeds germinate very poorly, germination rate is less than 40%.

Forsythia seeds

Cuttings harvested in early summer. The shoots are cut so that the cutting has 2 internodes. The leaves are left only on the crown, shortening them in half. Cuttings are placed for a day in a bucket with root solution or by adding a spoonful of honey to the water.
Cuttings are planted in a school, deepening the lower cut of the cutting by 3 cm. Cover the school with a film. Air when hot, watered regularly. In a month, the shoots will give roots. In the third year, cuttings can be planted in a permanent place, in the same year they will bloom for the first time. This method gives a very high survival rate.

Forsythia sprouts

Layers The easiest way to propagate is, dig in the cuttings to a depth of 15 -20 cm, leave the top above the soil level. The branch will give a root, the next year, separate the young bush from the mother plant and transplant.

Advice. Branches cut in late autumn can be wrapped in foil and stored in a cool place. In winter, placed in water with honey, they will bloom.

Diseases and pests

Despite the fact that forsythia is considered practically invulnerable to diseases and pests, problems can still arise. Forsythia easily tolerates a short drought, but excess moisture can lead to decay of plant roots and the development of chlorosis. If such a disaster has already occurred, urgent action is needed. Dig out the bush, cut off the damaged roots, treat them with a potassium permanganate solution for disinfection. The upper part of the forsythia also needs to be shortened, since the remaining roots will not be able to provide food for the shoots. Now you can plant the bush in a new place.

If you notice that the leaves of forsythia turn yellow prematurely and the bush as a whole begins to fade, cut off the shoot. And if you see dark streaks and darkened vessels on the cut, this is bacteriosis. There is only one treatment - to uproot and remove the bush as soon as possible so that the bacteriosis does not spread to other plants in the garden.

Bacterial lesion

Spots on the leaves indicate the development of moniliosis. Perform sanitary pruning of affected shoots. Spray with an antifungal fungicide. Nematodes on the roots of forsythia are destroyed by carbation. Aphids can be destroyed with folk remedies or chemicals.

With proper agricultural technology, shrub health problems are extremely rare. But in early spring, when all living things are still sleeping and the garden is gray and dull, forsythia will delight you with extraordinary flowering.

How to grow forsythia: video

Forsythia in the garden: photo

Plant an unusual shrub (sometimes a tree) called forsythia. From the Latin Forsythia, the beauty is also called forsythia.Outwardly, it is an ornamental flowering shrub with bright yellow medium-sized flowers. In the spring, it is covered with a golden cloud of fragrant inflorescences.

The plant is compact in size, but can reach a height of 3 meters, depending on the variety. Bell-shaped flowers bloom in early spring and are pleasing to the eye for almost a month. In Europe, beauty is found everywhere, as an integral part of urban design. It is worth paying attention to her and our gardeners.

Growing conditions for forsythia

The shrub is very unpretentious, but nevertheless, several conditions will have to be met:

• Forsythia loves sunny plots, but also tolerates partial shade.
• Slightly alkaline soils are preferred; acidic soils are recommended to be alkalized with lime or dolomite flour.
• To achieve a high decorative effect of your landscape composition with forsythia, plant a juniper or other low-growing conifers next to it.
• Keep in mind that forsythia leaves turn purple-violet or golden in autumn, which can also be used effectively in your garden.
• It is preferable to choose a place protected from strong winds.
• It is advisable to mulch the soil with a layer of needles or other mulching material.

When and how to plant forsythia

Forsythia photo landing

Planting or replanting forsythia should be done in early autumn or spring, when there is no chance of night frosts. It is important that the plant, during autumn planting, has time to take root before the dormant and wintering period begins.

• For planting, a pit is prepared, somewhat larger than the size of the roots of the acquired seedling. Usually this is a hole with a diameter of about 60 cm and a depth of half a meter.
• The distance between the forsythia bushes is at least 1.5 meters.
• If at the chosen place there is a possibility of flooding with melt water, make drainage: the pit is deepened somewhat and broken brick, gravel, small stones are laid on the bottom, and sand and garden soil are already on top.
• When planting in autumn, you will need a mandatory shelter for the winter with a thick layer of fallen leaves or straw (30-40 cm). It will even be possible to pre-heat the earth in the near-trunk zone, but in the spring it is imperative to remove the shelter so that the roots do not come out.

For the first two weeks, forsythia is regularly watered as the soil dries up in the holes. But you shouldn't be too zealous either: it is harmful to flood the plant.

How to care for forsythia

What all forsythia fell in love with is its unpretentiousness. Usually, the rainfall is enough for the bush. Only in abnormal heat conditions will the plant need help, sometimes pouring a bucket of water under each bush.

Particularly attentive gardeners can take care of planting forsythia by applying organic fertilizers in the fall: rotted compost or humus, scattered over the surface of the earth with a layer of 10-20 cm, will become an excellent shelter for the winter, a source of nutrients for development in the coming season. In the spring, you can feed the plants with phosphorus-containing mineral fertilizers to stimulate flowering. For example, natroamofoskoy (a tablespoon in a bucket of water, consumption of 1-2 liters of solution under a bush). At the end of flowering, top dressing with Kemira-lux or potassium nitrate is desirable according to the instructions. This will help prepare the plant for the upcoming flowering and wintering season.

Winter hardiness of forsythia

It is best to grow ovoid forsythia in central Russia, the winter hardiness of which is above average. Such a beauty survives even in the Urals and Siberia, but requires shelter for the winter.

Propagation of forsythia by cuttings

Forsythia propagation by cuttings photo

Most often, green cuttings are used: in the month of June, green young twigs 10-15 cm long are cut and planted in cups with nutrient soil, covered with sachets or transparent plastic cups on top.

Before planting, it is advisable to keep the cuttings in a solution of heteroauxin or root for a day, which will stimulate root formation.In about a month and a half, the cuttings will release new shoots, which will be evidence of rooting. In September, they can be planted in the ground, and before frost, they can be insulated with a layer of earth and fallen leaves for a successful winter.

You can cut woody cuttings in October and bury them right in the garden, leaving them under cover for the winter. In the spring, the shelter is removed, and the cuttings quickly release young shoots. By the fall, the seedlings will be ready for planting in a permanent place.

The video will tell you about the propagation of forsythia by cuttings at home:

Propagation of forsythia by layering

Twigs, bent and pinned to the ground, slightly dug in, quickly root at the ditch. especially if you make a small incision in the bark at the pinning site. Layers can be made almost the entire warm season, starting in spring and ending in autumn. After a year, you will get an excellent seedling that can be separated from the mother bush and planted in the place you need.

Pruning and shaping forsythia

Forsythia tolerates pruning, but it should not be abused. Young bushes are subjected only to sanitary pruning, removing frozen, dry and diseased branches. Only in the 3-4th year can you start formative pruning, giving the bush the desired shape: spherical or rectangular. Remember that you can cut no more than a third of the length of the branches to keep the forsythia blooming. By cutting up to 6 cm at the ends of the branches, you risk nothing and can safely experiment.

If the bush is already old, it can be rejuvenated by radical pruning, leaving only a third of the length of the branches. This will stimulate the active growth of young branches. But such an operation can be carried out no more often than once every three to four years.

When to prune forsythia?

Sanitary pruning of forsythia is usually done in spring, and shaping pruning - in autumn or summer, after flowering.

Pests and diseases of forsythia

Forsythia gets sick and is very rarely affected by pests. However, the danger still exists.

• The appearance of brown spots on the leaves indicates the development of moniliosis. Sanitary pruning of all affected parts and treatment of the shrub with a fungicide will be required.
• The appearance of nematodes is recognized by the fact that the bush stops growing and even withers. We need to treat the soil with carbation.
• If the bush begins to wither sharply, urgently treat it with a five percent foundationol solution.
• If you notice signs of rot, spreading quickly, this is a sign of bacteriosis. It will not be possible to save the diseased bush, it must be dug up and burned as soon as possible so that the disease does not spread to neighboring plants.

Forsythia in autumn Preparing for winter

Young bushes can freeze slightly, so do not be lazy to cover them by shoveling up the ground and covering them with leaves. The branches need to be bent and pinned to the ground, covered with spruce branches. In winter, it is good to warm up the snow on top. In early spring, the shelter should be removed, the branches should be freed from spruce branches. It is important to do this on time (before the start of sap flow) so as not to disrupt the natural cycle of plant development. Mature shrubs do not bend to the ground, but root cover is still necessary.

Forsythia in landscape design

Forsythia in landscape design photo

Forsythia is often planted together with evergreens: conifers, boxwood, periwinkle, holly, etc. Blooming in early spring, the shrub looks spectacular against the backdrop of greenery.

Shrub forsythia planting and care Photo with flowers

You can plant lawn grass under the forsythia, which will also be an excellent background for the golden flowers of the shrub. And next to break a flower bed with primroses or daffodils known to all.

How to plant forsythia Bagryannik and forsythia photo

Forsythia is planted next to the canadian scarlet, such joint plantings look fantastic: delicate purple and bright yellow flowers create a great combination.

Forsythia hedge photo