Forsythia linwood gold planting and care in the open field

The genus Forsythia belongs to the Olive family and is mainly shrubs.

The height of the species is mainly up to 3 m, the bark is brown-gray, textured, the foliage is simple, opposite, oblong, ovoid, with teeth, from 2 to 15 cm. Flowers are rich yellow, after flowering a flying box appears.

Forsythia species and varieties

Most often in our gardens it is grown European forsythia, which is a shrub up to 2 m high, foliage without teeth, its length is up to 7 cm, flowers are solitary, bell-shaped, golden yellow.

Forsythia Giralda this species looks very similar to the previous one, but its foliage is longer, and the color of the leaves is darker. It also tolerates frost worse, so it is not very suitable for growing in cold areas.

Hanging forsythia or drooping this bush grows up to 3 m, its crown grows widely, the branches droop. It has rather large yellow flowers that form bunches. There is a variegated form, as well as a form with purple branches and leaves while young.

Forsythia dark green or greenest this is a tall plant, the shoots of which grow up to 3 m. The foliage is densely placed, simple, oblong, rich dark green color, rather long, the flowers also have a green tint. Drought tolerant.

Average fortification or intermediate This is a hybrid species obtained by crossing the species of Forzitia drooping and dark green. The maximum height of this plant is close to 3.5 m, the foliage is oblong, with teeth, long, the color of the foliage is rich green. Flowering occurs by 4 years after planting, flowers form bunches of yellow color. It tolerates frost and heat well.

It has a lot of varieties due to its popularity:

• Goldsauber,

• Malukh,

• Linwood Gold,

• Golden time,

• Spectabilis.

Forsythia white or snowy relatively short view with oblong ovoid foliage. In summer, the underside of the foliage turns purple. The flowers are white, but have a yellow throat.

Forsythia oval or ovoid also a low view - 1.5-2 m.The bark on the branches is yellowish, and they themselves are quite spreading. The foliage is 6-8 cm, green in summer, and purple tones appear on it by autumn.

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Forsythia planting and care in the open field

Today, forsythia is widely used to decorate city streets and private gardens, primarily due to the fact that yellow flowers bloom in early spring, even before the leaves appear on the branches of the bush.

Planting forsythia should be carried out in the spring or at the beginning of autumn, with the expectation that the bush has time to take root before the frost, so be guided by the conditions of your place of residence. Light areas that are not blown by winds are good for planting, partial shade is also suitable, but the sun is still preferable.

The composition of the soil is also not critical, the main thing is that the substrate is not excessively wet and has an alkaline reaction. If the soil in your garden is acidic, then it must be dug up with ash to shift the reaction to alkaline.

The height and width of the planting hole should be approximately 0.5 m, and the depth 60 cm.When planting several plants, make sure that there is at least 1.5 m between them.A 20 cm drainage layer is placed at the bottom of the planting hole, then 10 cm of sand, then put mixed leaf soil, sand and peat in a ratio of 2 to 1 and to 1. Fill the hole so that after planting, the root system of the seedling is placed at a depth of 35 cm.

Next, the seedling is placed in a hole and sprinkled with earth, after which the soil is slightly trampled and watered well. In the fall, in addition to these procedures, it is also necessary to cover the area with mulch.

Lilac can also be used as a design for a garden plot; it is easily grown when planting and nursing in the open field. You can find recommendations for growing this plant in this article.

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Watering forsythia

It is not difficult to take care of this garden plant. If it rains from time to time in the summer, then you do not need to water the bush. If there is no precipitation, then once for a couple of weeks you need to pour a bucket of water under each bush.

After rain or watering, you should loosen the soil and get rid of weeds. You can cover the area with compost mulch, and the problem of weeds and loosening will disappear.

to the table of contents

Forsythia top dressing

Fertilizers are applied 3 times during the growing season. For the first time in the spring, compost is scattered around the bushes, but so that it touches the shoots, and strong watering is carried out. This fertilizer will serve as both a source of organic matter and mulch.

In the middle of spring, full mineral dressing is used, making 65 grams per square meter. When the flowering ends and flower buds begin to form, Kemiru-wagon is brought in 110 grams per square meter of the plot.

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Pruning forsythia

While the young bushes are only cut off from them, broken, frozen and dry branches. In large bushes, sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring, and after flowering, the shoots are cut to half, the old branches are cut off, leaving only 5 cm from the ground.

Formative pruning can also be done to give the shrub the look you want. To rejuvenate the bush, two-thirds of all branches must be cut off - this will set in motion the growth of young branches.

But we warn you that this procedure cannot often be carried out, otherwise the bush will become large, but flowering will disappear. The approximate frequency of anti-aging pruning is 4 years.

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Forsythia in winter

Preparing forsythia for winter, a thick ball of dry leaves is poured around the bushes, and the branches are bent to the ground and attached to it, and spruce branches are placed on top.

With the arrival of spring, the shelter is removed so that the buds do not trample. In snowy winters, a shelter may not be built.

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Forsythia propagation by cuttings

It is better to propagate forsythia in a vegetative way. For this, green cuttings 15 cm long, which are cut in early summer, are well suited. The lower foliage is cut off from them, and the cuttings themselves are treated with a means to enhance root formation.Green cuttings are grown in greenhouse conditions in sand under diffused light, moistening the soil from time to time.

In autumn, woody cuttings can be rooted, while they are stuck right in the garden, so that there are a couple of buds above the ground. With the approach of cold weather, cover the cuttings with dry foliage, and in the spring they should begin to grow and by autumn it will be possible to transplant them to a permanent place.

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Propagation of forsythia by layering

You can also propagate this culture by layering. This is done according to the standard scheme - the young branch is tilted to the ground, slightly cutting its edge, and sprinkled with soil. Over time, roots will appear from the incision and next spring it will be possible to separate the layer from the parent and transplant.

This bush also propagates by seeds, but this process is complex and accessible only to specialists.

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Diseases of forsythia

This culture does not get sick very often, but it is still susceptible to some diseases and pests.

Fusarium wilting occurs due to infection with a fungus. The symptoms of this disease are yellowing of foliage, weak bloom or his absence, the general weakness of the plant, on the shoots and leaves it can be seen that the vessels are blackened from the fungus. Until the disease is developed, it is necessary to carry out several spraying with a 5% solution of foundationol.

With bacteriosis foliage becomes soft and turns black... Shrubs cannot be saved from this disease.

Moniliosis can be determined by brown spots on foliage... When a symptom appears, it is necessary to cut off all diseased parts, touching healthy tissue.

Occasionally occurs downy mildew... Wherein leaves are deformed, on them a gray coating appears... The diseased parts must be cut off and treated with Bordeaux fluid. To protect the bush from this disease, it is necessary to apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers on time.

It happens that forsythia does not bloom... There may be a couple of reasons for this - too frequent rejuvenating pruning (note that if you have rejuvenated, then next year the flower buds will not come from and there will be no flowering either), lack of nutrients, frosting of flower buds in winter.

to the table of contents

Forsythia pests

Among the pests nematodes appear most often and are probably the most dangerous. These small worms slow down plant growth, make the roots thin and cause a general weakening of the bush, same the affected areas begin to turn yellow, but it is worth noting that most nematodes infect the roots, so the underground part will turn yellow.

Nematodes do not tolerate dryness and high temperatures well, but with a garden plant it is not possible to carry out the standard procedure for keeping the roots in warm water, as is done with indoor crops. Therefore, all that remains is the introduction of poisons, for example, Nemaphos, Phosphamide.

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Forsythia (forsythia) is a genus of small trees and shrubs belonging to the Olive family. There are many varieties and varieties of this plant. In nature, forsythia grows in East Asia and Europe. Several species are grown outdoors. The plant is distinguished by large flowers, painted in a rich yellow color. They begin to appear in early spring. Forsythia is usually propagated by a vegetative method.

1 Common types

European forsythia

One of the most popular species of this plant is European forsythia. This variety is a low shrub, reaching a height of no more than 2 m. It is characterized by oblong leaves, growing no more than 7 cm in length, and single bell-shaped flowers. The color of the flowers is golden yellowish.

Hanging

Another common type is drooping or drooping forsythia. It is a taller shrub, reaching a height of 3 m. The crown is spreading, the branches are arched, drooping, painted in an olive or brownish tint.The flowers are large and the leaves are simple. In diameter, the flowers reach no more than 2.5 cm and are collected in bunches of several pieces.

Intermediate

As a result of crossing the drooping forsythia with dark green breeders, a new variety was obtained, called the intermediate forsythia.

The description of this species is as follows:

• height - up to 3 m;
• the leaves are oblong, with jagged edges, reaching a length of no more than 10 cm, the color is saturated green, which persists until the beginning of winter;
• flowers are yellow, gathering in bunches.

Forsythia intermediate flowers appear in mid-spring. Many varieties of this species are grown in gardens and dachas. It blooms only 3 years after planting. Among gardeners, forsythia intermediate is popular due to its drought and frost resistance. This species is suitable for cultivation in the Leningrad region and Siberia.

Ovoid

Grow in the open field and ovoid forsythia. The shrub reaches a height of no more than 2 m and has spreading yellowish-gray branches. It has large leaves, reaching a length of about 7 cm, and single flowers, painted in a bright yellow hue. The bush is ovoid, which explains its name. In the summer, the foliage is of a rich green color, and closer to autumn it becomes purple. This plant starts flowering much earlier than other species. Forsythia ovoid is winter-hardy and is suitable for growing not only in the Moscow region, but also in Siberia.

Grouse imperial: features of planting in open ground and the nuances of care

1.1 Popular varieties

Golden Times

One of the varieties of intermediate forsythia, distinguished by decorativeness, is the Golden Times. It is considered variegated and stands out for its serrated leaves with a yellow border. This variety grows in height no more than 2 m. Yellowish flowers appear in April - May. Suitable for growing in central Russia.

Linwood Gold

For landscaping city parks, a variety of intermediate forsythia called Lynwood Gold is used. The shrub reaches a height of about 3 m and has a spreading crown. Large yellow flowers cover bare branches for 2 weeks in late spring. After the plant fades, yellowish leaves appear on the branches.

Spectabilis

Such a variety of forsythia as Spectabilis is also widespread. It is a deciduous shrub that grows no more than 3 m in height. It has a rapid growth rate, which stops about 5-10 years after planting in open ground. It begins to bloom at the end of April. The flowers are yellow and the leaves are green. With the onset of autumn, the foliage turns purple or yellowish.

Goldsauber

One of the most popular varieties of ovoid forsythia is Goldsauber. It is distinguished by powerful branches and rather large flowers, painted in a golden hue.

Rules and dates for planting tulips in open ground

2 Planting in open ground and further care

It is recommended to plant forsythia in open ground in the spring or autumn in a well-lit area. The planting site must be protected from drafts. Forsythia is undemanding to soil, but grows best in dry alkaline soil. The planting hole for the bush should be small and shallow. When planting, it should be borne in mind that the root ball must be at a depth of at least 30 cm.

The distance between two copies must be at least 50 cm.

Before planting shrubs, a drainage layer and a thick layer of sand must be laid on the bottom of the planting pit. Crushed stone or broken brick is suitable as drainage. Sprinkle on top of the soil mixture, consisting of the following components:

• sheet land (2 parts);
• sand and peat (1 part each);
• wood ash (200 g).

After being placed in a hole, seedlings should be lightly sprinkled with earth and watered abundantly. If the plant was planted in the spring, then after the procedure, you need to take care of the shrub in the same way as for an adult specimen. Forsythia, planted in the fall, requires special care. It is imperative to cover the area with breathable material.

There is no need to water the plant in summer, unless the summer is too dry. If there is little rainfall, it is necessary to water at least 1 time per month. It is advisable to pour at least 10 liters of water under one bush at a time. After the soil is moistened, it must be loosened and, if necessary, weeds removed. After loosening, the trunk circle should be covered with compost.

It is recommended to apply fertilizers three times per season..

• The first feeding is carried out in early spring. A thick layer of rotted manure should be spread along the near-trunk circle and the soil should be abundantly moistened.
• It is necessary to fertilize the plant again in April, using a complex mineral fertilizer as a top dressing at the rate of 60 g per 1 sq. m.
• The third top dressing is applied during the period of flower buds. It is necessary to feed the forsythia with Kemeroi-universal at the rate of 100 g per 1 sq. m.

Young specimens undergo only sanitary pruning. Dried, broken and weakened shoots should be removed. In adult specimens, the frozen ends of the branches must be removed. The main pruning of adult forsythia is carried out in the summer. Once the plant has faded, the branches must be cut in half. Anti-aging pruning should be done once every 4 years. During this procedure, you should trim all branches by 2/3.

Clematis: planting in open ground and care features

2.1 Reproduction at home

Forsythia can be propagated at home in a vegetative way. Best for reproduction are 15-centimeter cuttings cut from the mother plant in early summer. First, you need to remove the lower leaves from the cuttings and pre-treat with a growth stimulator (Kornevin). They must be planted in the sand, under the greenhouse.

Lignified cuttings cut from a plant in mid-autumn are also suitable for reproduction. At the same time, they should be planted immediately in open ground so that at least 2 buds remain above the surface. For the winter, cuttings should be covered with fallen leaves. With the onset of spring, the shelter will need to be removed.

The genus Forsythia belongs to the Olive family and is mainly shrubs.

The height of the species is mainly up to 3 m, the bark is brown-gray, textured, the foliage is simple, opposite, oblong, ovoid, with teeth, from 2 to 15 cm. Flowers are rich yellow, after flowering a flying box appears.

Forsythia species and varieties

Most often in our gardens it is grown European forsythia, which is a shrub up to 2 m high, foliage without teeth, its length is up to 7 cm, flowers are solitary, bell-shaped, golden yellow.

Forsythia Giralda this species looks very similar to the previous one, but its foliage is longer, and the color of the leaves is darker. It also tolerates frost worse, so it is not very suitable for growing in cold areas.

Hanging forsythia or drooping this bush grows up to 3 m, its crown grows widely, the branches droop. It has rather large yellow flowers that form bunches. There is a variegated form, as well as a form with purple branches and leaves while young.

Forsythia dark green or greenest this is a tall plant, the shoots of which grow up to 3 m. The foliage is densely placed, simple, oblong, rich dark green color, rather long, the flowers also have a green tint. Drought tolerant.

Average fortification or intermediate This is a hybrid species obtained by crossing the species of Forzitia drooping and dark green. The maximum height of this plant is close to 3.5 m, the foliage is oblong, with teeth, long, the color of the foliage is rich green. Flowering occurs by 4 years after planting, flowers form bunches of yellow color. It tolerates frost and heat well.

It has a lot of varieties due to its popularity:

• Goldsauber,

• Malukh,

• Linwood Gold,

• Golden time,

• Spectabilis.

Forsythia white or snowy relatively short view with oblong ovoid foliage. In summer, the underside of the foliage turns purple. The flowers are white, but have a yellow throat.

Forsythia oval or ovoid also a low view - 1.5-2 m. The bark on the branches is yellowish, and they themselves are quite spreading. The foliage is 6-8 cm, green in summer, and purple tones appear on it by autumn.

to the table of contents

Forsythia planting and care in the open field

Today, forsythia is widely used to decorate city streets and private gardens, primarily due to the fact that yellow flowers bloom in early spring, even before the leaves appear on the branches of the bush.

Planting forsythia should be carried out in the spring or at the beginning of autumn, with the expectation that the bush has time to take root before the frost, so be guided by the conditions of your place of residence. Light areas that are not blown by winds are good for planting, partial shade is also suitable, but the sun is still preferable.

The composition of the soil is also not critical, the main thing is that the substrate is not excessively wet and has an alkaline reaction. If the soil in your garden is acidic, then it must be dug up with ash to shift the reaction to alkaline.

The height and width of the planting hole should be approximately 0.5 m, and the depth 60 cm.When planting several plants, make sure that there is at least 1.5 m between them.A 20 cm drainage layer is placed at the bottom of the planting hole, then 10 cm of sand, then put mixed leaf soil, sand and peat in a ratio of 2 to 1 and to 1. Fill the hole so that after planting, the root system of the seedling is placed at a depth of 35 cm.

Next, the seedling is placed in a hole and sprinkled with earth, after which the soil is slightly trampled and watered well. In the fall, in addition to these procedures, it is also necessary to cover the area with mulch.

Lilac can also be used as a design for a garden plot; it is easily grown when planting and nursing in the open field. You can find recommendations for growing this plant in this article.

to the table of contents

Watering forsythia

It is not difficult to take care of this garden plant. If it rains from time to time in the summer, then you do not need to water the bush. If there is no precipitation, then once for a couple of weeks you need to pour a bucket of water under each bush.

After rain or watering, you should loosen the soil and get rid of weeds. You can cover the area with compost mulch, and the problem of weeds and loosening will disappear.

to the table of contents

Forsythia top dressing

Fertilizers are applied 3 times during the growing season. For the first time in the spring, compost is scattered around the bushes, but so that it touches the shoots, and strong watering is carried out. This fertilizer will serve as both a source of organic matter and mulch.

In the middle of spring, full mineral dressing is used, making 65 grams per square meter. When the flowering ends and flower buds begin to form, Kemiru-wagon is brought in 110 grams per square meter of the plot.

to the table of contents

Pruning forsythia

While the young bushes are only cut off from them, broken, frozen and dry branches. In large bushes, sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring, and after flowering, the shoots are cut to half, the old branches are cut off, leaving only 5 cm from the ground.

Formative pruning can also be done to give the shrub the look you want. To rejuvenate the bush, two-thirds of all branches must be cut off - this will set in motion the growth of young branches.

But we warn you that this procedure cannot often be carried out, otherwise the bush will become large, but flowering will disappear.The approximate frequency of anti-aging pruning is 4 years.

to the table of contents

Forsythia in winter

Preparing forsythia for winter, a thick ball of dry leaves is poured around the bushes, and the branches are bent to the ground and attached to it, and spruce branches are placed on top.

With the arrival of spring, the shelter is removed so that the buds do not trample. In snowy winters, a shelter may not be built.

to the table of contents

Forsythia propagation by cuttings

It is better to propagate forsythia in a vegetative way. For this, green cuttings 15 cm long, which are cut in early summer, are well suited. The lower foliage is cut off from them, and the cuttings themselves are treated with a means to enhance root formation. Green cuttings are grown in greenhouse conditions in sand under diffused light, moistening the soil from time to time.

In the fall, woody cuttings can be rooted, while they are stuck right in the garden, so that there are a couple of buds above the ground. With the approach of cold weather, cover the cuttings with dry foliage, and in the spring they should begin to grow and by autumn it will be possible to transplant them to a permanent place.

to the table of contents

Propagation of forsythia by layering

You can also propagate this culture by layering. This is done according to the standard scheme - the young branch is tilted to the ground, slightly cutting its edge, and sprinkled with soil. Over time, roots will appear from the incision and next spring it will be possible to separate the layer from the parent and transplant.

This bush also propagates by seeds, but this process is complex and accessible only to specialists.

to the table of contents

Diseases of forsythia

This culture does not get sick very often, but it is still susceptible to some diseases and pests.

Fusarium wilting occurs due to infection with a fungus. The symptoms of this disease are yellowing of foliage, weak bloom or his absence, the general weakness of the plant, on the shoots and leaves it can be seen that the vessels are blackened from the fungus. Until the disease is developed, it is necessary to carry out several spraying with a 5% solution of foundationol.

With bacteriosis foliage becomes soft and turns black... Shrubs cannot be saved from this disease.

Moniliosis can be determined by brown spots on foliage... When a symptom appears, it is necessary to cut off all diseased parts, touching healthy tissue.

Occasionally occurs downy mildew... Wherein leaves are deformed, on them a gray coating appears... The diseased parts must be cut off and treated with Bordeaux fluid. To protect the bush from this disease, it is necessary to apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers on time.

It happens that forsythia does not bloom... There may be a couple of reasons for this - too frequent rejuvenating pruning (note that if you have rejuvenated, then next year the flower buds will not come from and there will be no flowering either), lack of nutrients, frosting of flower buds in winter.

to the table of contents

Forsythia pests

Among the pests nematodes appear most often and are probably the most dangerous. These small worms slow down plant growth, make the roots thin and cause a general weakening of the bush, same the affected areas begin to turn yellow, but it is worth noting that most nematodes infect the roots, so the underground part will turn yellow.

Nematodes do not tolerate dryness and high temperatures well, but with a garden plant it is not possible to carry out the standard procedure for keeping the roots in warm water, as is done with indoor crops. Therefore, all that remains is the introduction of poisons, for example, Nemaphos, Phosphamide.

to the table of contents

Blooming forsythia, strewn with hundreds of bright yellow flowers, is impossible to miss! If the summer resident wants to be decorated with forsythia every spring, planting and care in the open field are key stages on the path to success.

Perennial shrubs, one of the first to break the monochrome of early spring, came to Europe from Asia and were named after the botanist who brought the first seedlings to the Old World.Today forsythia is the most popular type for landscaping and creating hedges.

How and when to organize planting and caring for forsythia in the open field at their summer cottage? What does a shrub need for friendly growth?

Conditions for planting forsythia in the open field

Forsythia is an amazing plant that changes its appearance every season. In the spring, these are branches devoid of leaves, but densely strewn with flowers. In summer, the bush is covered with greenery, which changes color to golden or purple in autumn. When looking for a place for forsythia, you should pay attention to areas where the shrub will be clearly visible and illuminated.

Although forsythia tolerate being in the shade, in the sun the bush forms more dense and even. The plant is undemanding to soil fertility, but it develops better on soil with an alkaline reaction, good drainage. Culture:

• undemanding to care;
• has excellent frost resistance, simplifying the wintering of forsythia in the open field;
• tolerates drought well;
• responds well to haircuts and can be used for growing hedges.

There are two options for planting forsythia in the ground: in spring and in autumn. In the first case, young shrubs immediately begin to grow after acclimatization, giving new shoots. Bushes transferred to the garden in autumn only take root, and begin to grow after wintering.

Timing of planting forsythia in the ground

The time for transferring seedlings to the garden is chosen depending on the region and the quality of the planting material. Many nurseries today offer young plants with a closed root system. Seedlings grown in containers are transplanted together with an earthen clod, so the roots do not suffer, the bush easily and quickly adapts to a new place of residence. And the summer resident is guaranteed easy care for forsythia in the open field after planting, whenever it happens: in spring, summer or autumn.

For seedlings with an open root system, it is better to plant in the spring months, when the threat of sudden frosts goes away, or in the fall, about a month before the onset of seasonal cold weather. During this period of time, the shrub will acclimatize and be able to prepare for winter.

Since the climatic conditions in the regions of the country are seriously different, there is a significant difference in the timing of planting and caring for forsythia in the open field, in the Moscow region and, for example, in central and northern Siberia, where the heat comes later, and the summer is much shorter:

1. If you delay planting plants in the garden, their adaptation and rooting will be delayed, and the shoots that have dedicated over the summer will not have time to get stronger before the onset of frost.
2. Early spring planting threatens with the danger of freezing of the buds, tops of the shoots, and in case of severe frosts on the soil, damage to the points of growth and roots.

In autumn, planting forsythia in the ground also depends on weather and climatic conditions and can vary even within one region, for example, as large as the Urals. If in the south gardeners live according to a calendar similar to that used by summer residents of the middle lane, then in the north the weather is much more severe and changeable.

Planting forsythia in open ground

Forsythia prefer dry, drained soil and do not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil. Therefore, at the bottom of the planting pits 60 cm deep and 50 cm wide, powerful drainage is made from broken brick, expanded clay or gravel. It is especially important not to neglect this measure in areas with dense soil that retains water and where groundwater is too close. An example is planting and caring for forsythia in the Leningrad region.

A layer of sand and a previously prepared soil mixture are poured over the drainage on the basis of:

• 2 pieces of leafy land;
• 1 part peat;
• 1 part sand.

For each hole, 200 grams of sifted wood ash is mixed into the ground. The substrate is poured with a mound, on the sides of which the roots of the bush are spread. After filling the hole, the soil is compacted and watered abundantly at the rate of 10-15 liters per plant.In the fall, after planting forsythia, caring for the shrub consists in dense mulching of the trunk circle. This will help conserve water in the soil and protect the roots from hypothermia.

Mulch will help in spring, especially where summer comes quickly and the soil dries quickly, covered with a dense, impenetrable crust.

Caring for forsythia after planting in the open field

An important advantage of forsythia is its simplicity and the absence of any special care. In the warm season, shrubs that grow rapidly with minimal care need:

• in irrigation, if there is no natural precipitation, and the soil under the plants is completely dry;
• in maintaining the cleanliness and looseness of the trunk circles;
• in a triple feeding;
• in a haircut that helps maintain the health and shape of the crown.

In hot dry times, the plants are watered abundantly once or twice a month, the field of which is loosened, weeded and mulched. Lowland peat mixed with humus and wood ash can be used as mulch. This composition protects the roots from overheating and is an excellent long-acting fertilizer. In addition, shrubs respond well to full fertilization before and after flowering.

In the second half of summer, you should not fertilize shrubs with nitrogen. It will cause active growth of young shoots, which, even with proper planting and caring for forsythia in the Urals, Siberia and in the middle lane, will not have time to ripen and will die with the onset of frost.

An important part of caring for forsythia is pruning the shrub. For sanitary purposes, the removal of dead, old or damaged branches is carried out in the spring, and a haircut to maintain shape - in early summer, when the mass flowering ends. Until recently, shoots yellow from flowers can be shortened by half the length, and old branches are cut above the ground so that several buds remain at the base.

Once every 3-4 years, forsythia is rejuvenated by evenly cutting all shoots by half or two-thirds of the length. Over the summer, the plant will restore the crown, which will be dense, uniform and young, so that next spring it will please with a friendly bright flowering.

In most regions, the plant winters excellently without shelter. If the winters have little snow, before wintering, forsythia in the open field is gently tilted to the ground, fixed and covered with spruce branches or dense non-woven material. At the first opportunity, the bushes are covered with snow.

Reproduction of forsythia in the open field

The remaining parts of the branches after pruning are an excellent material for obtaining cuttings that will serve for the propagation of forsythia. The green shoots are cut into pieces 10-15 cm long so that each one has several healthy buds. The lower leaves are cut off, and the resulting stalk, after treatment with a rooting stimulant, is planted in a greenhouse.

In the fall, another method for breeding forsythia in the open field is possible. Lignified cuttings are planted in a school organized in a quiet place protected from wind and flooding. For the time remaining before the cold weather, the seedling will give roots, and 2-3 buds left above the surface of the soil will wake up in the spring and form a young crown of a dwarf shrub. In the coming fall, such plants can be planted in a permanent place.

Planting forsythia in a permanent place - video

A beautiful spreading shrub, reaching a height of about 2.5-3 m, blooms in April-May with luxurious bright yellow bells. Forsythia, planting and care in the open field for which it is absolutely uncomplicated, immediately attracts attention. Against the background of other shrubs and trees that have not yet woken up, it looks very elegant, flowering continues for almost a month.

The most interesting and popular types:

1. European

This type is most widespread. Height - up to 2 m, flowers - rich yellow.

2. Giralda

In appearance it is similar to the European one, but it tolerates the cold worse. The graceful yellow flowers bloom in May.

3. Drooping (drooping)

Spreading crown up to 2.5 m in diameter. The flowers are quite large (up to 3 cm), bright yellow. It has such varieties: deceptive, variegated, Fortune, etc.

4. Ovoid

A small shrub with leaves that acquire a purple hue by autumn. It can be successfully grown even in regions with severe winters. The varieties are known: Tetragold, Spring Glory, etc.

5. White (snowy)

A low (up to 1.5 m) bush that stands out among other species with an unusual color for forsythia flowers.

6. Greenest (dark green)

Drought tolerant, but very thermophilic shrub, suitable for cultivation in the southern regions. Yellow-green flowers are collected in small bunches.

7. Average (intermediate)

It grows up to 4.5 m in height, bright yellow flowers open in April. It grows very quickly.

Principles of planting forsythia

Planting is carried out in August and early September, so that the plant can take up before the onset of winter cold weather, or in spring. The places for this shrub are sunny, although it can grow normally in partial shade. Planting forsythia in open ground is carried out taking into account the fact that the bushes must have enough space for full development.

The landing pit is formed 50x50 cm in size and 60 cm deep. Drainage is laid at the bottom (broken brick, expanded clay), then compost or mineral fertilizers (with a predominance of potassium and phosphorus) are added. This culture is completely undemanding to the composition of the soil.

Care after planting for forsythia comes down to abundant watering of seedlings and mulching with dry fallen leaves. For the winter - be sure to cover with materials that allow air to pass through. The next spring, the shelter is removed.

Rules for caring for a plant in the open field

To get a beautiful healthy plant, do the following:

• watered only in very dry times (waterlogging is detrimental to the plant) - 1 bucket per plant;
• top dressing is applied starting from the third year after planting, at the rate of 100 g of complex fertilizer per bush - 2 times a year: after winter and after flowering;

If the plant lacks nutrients, the number of flowers, their size and color saturation decrease, the shrub loses its decorative effect.

• it is advisable to mulch the near-trunk circle to retain moisture and prevent the growth of weeds;
• pruning is performed correctly and on time - after flowering (removal of faded inflorescences) and in early spring (main);
• weeding and loosening the soil near the bushes.

Pruning and shaping forsythia

Since caring for forsythia in the open field necessarily includes pruning, it must be carried out in accordance with all the rules.

1. The plant is not touched for the first three years after planting.
2. Starting from the 4th year, sanitary and formative pruning of forsythia is carried out in the spring. The first involves removing dead and old branches, thinning the bush for better lighting.
3. Additionally, to add splendor, the shoots are slightly shortened (by 3-4 cm). For greater decorativeness, using a haircut, you can give the bush the shape of a ball.

During the flowering period, forsythia is not pruned.

The thickest unnecessary branches are cut "on a ring", and those that have just faded are shortened a little.

How to prepare a plant for winter?

At the end of the season, attention should be paid to preparing forsythia for winter. Watering is completed around mid-September so that it could be sheltered by the onset of stable cold weather.

More frost-resistant species of this culture can be simply sprinkled with snow. And, for example, ovoid forsythia requires a full-fledged shelter for the winter, otherwise there is a risk of freezing of flower buds or the death of the entire plant.

Breeding methods for forsythia in the open field

This flowering shrub has 3 methods of propagation: seeds, layering and cuttings. How to propagate forsythia, each grower chooses independently. But the seed method is used extremely rarely, since it is quite laborious and does not always give the expected results (germination rate up to 40%).

For this, seeds are collected in autumn, stored in a dry place in winter. In March, seeds are sown in shallow boxes and covered with foil. The first shoots will appear in a month. The film is removed, the sprouts are watered moderately. Such plants will bloom no earlier than 5-6 years. The most common are the second and third options.

A good effect is obtained when propagating by layering. For this, suitable shoots are selected (closer to the ground), fixed and covered with earth. You can water a little. Already in the spring, young seedlings are ready for separation from an adult bush, and after a year, subject to all the rules of agricultural technology, they should bloom.

In some varieties, the natural rooting of shoots occurs by itself, without outside participation. Shoots fall to the ground and germinate.

Cuttings are also quite popular among gardeners. After the plant has faded, annual cuttings with 2-3 internodes are cut. The leaves located in the upper part are shortened by half, in the lower part they are completely removed. For better rooting, they can be treated with a growth stimulant.

They are planted at a distance of 5-7 cm from each other, creating a mini-greenhouse. With regular watering, the roots are formed by the end of the fifth week. For the winter, seedlings are mulched with a thick layer of compost or dry leaves. In the spring, young specimens are seated in permanent places.

Lack of flowering: reasons

Sometimes it happens that the bush develops well, grows, but flowers do not appear. The reasons why forsythia does not bloom can be different.

1. Nutrient Deficiency

Despite all the unpretentiousness, the shrub requires periodic fertilization; on very poor soils, it may not bloom.

2. Illiterate pruning

It must be remembered that flowers are formed on one- and two-year-old shoots, so if you cut off too much, flowering will be postponed for more than one year. Pruning old branches is also best done gradually.

3. No clipping

Strongly thickened bushes also usually do not please with an abundant number of flowers: shoots not removed in time take on some of the nutrients. Plus, such a bush does not have enough sunlight on many branches.

4. Improper winter care

Especially true for delicate varieties. Freezing of flower buds (in the absence of proper shelter) will inevitably lead to the fact that forsythia will not bloom in the spring.

Planting and further care for forsythia will not cause much trouble if you protect it from possible pests and diseases.

• Withering - with this disease, the branches begin to wither for no apparent reason. You need to deal with it by spraying the branches with foundation.
• Bacteriosis - unfortunately, this disease is incurable. Characterized by a sharp yellowing and wilting of the entire bush. Affected specimens must be immediately dug up and burned to avoid spreading the disease.
• Moniliosis - dark spots form on the leaves. Infected shoots are removed, the rest of the bush is treated with Bordeaux liquid.

Forsythia fit perfectly into the overall landscape composition. They can be planted in the center of the flower bed, supplemented with juniper. In the foreground, lower flowers or decorative leafy plants are planted.

Forsythia: features of a plant and rules for caring for it on video

You can learn more about forsythia in the video:

Plant an unusual shrub (sometimes a tree) called forsythia. From the Latin Forsythia, the beauty is also called forsythia. Outwardly, it is an ornamental flowering shrub with bright yellow medium-sized flowers. In the spring, it is covered with a golden cloud of fragrant inflorescences.

The plant is compact in size, but can reach a height of 3 meters, depending on the variety. Bell-shaped flowers bloom in early spring and are pleasing to the eye for almost a month. In Europe, beauty is found everywhere, as an integral part of urban design. It is worth paying attention to her and our gardeners.

Growing conditions for forsythia

The shrub is very unpretentious, but nevertheless, several conditions will have to be met:

• Forsythia loves sunny plots, but also tolerates partial shade.
• Slightly alkaline soils are preferred; acidic soils are recommended to be alkalized with lime or dolomite flour.
• To achieve a high decorative effect of your landscape composition with forsythia, plant a juniper or other low-growing conifers next to it.
• Keep in mind that forsythia leaves turn purple-violet or golden in autumn, which can also be used effectively in your garden.
• It is preferable to choose a place protected from strong winds.
• It is advisable to mulch the soil with a layer of needles or other mulching material.

When and how to plant forsythia

Forsythia photo landing

Planting or replanting forsythia should be done in early autumn or spring, when there is no chance of night frosts. It is important that the plant, during autumn planting, has time to take root before the dormant and wintering period begins.

• For planting, a pit is prepared, somewhat larger than the size of the roots of the acquired seedling. Usually this is a hole with a diameter of about 60 cm and a depth of half a meter.
• The distance between the forsythia bushes is at least 1.5 meters.
• If at the chosen place there is a possibility of flooding by melt water, make drainage: the pit is deepened a little and broken brick, gravel, small stones are laid on the bottom, and sand and garden soil are already on top.
• When planting in autumn, you will need to cover for the winter with a thick layer of fallen leaves or straw (30-40 cm). It will even be possible to pre-heat the earth in the near-trunk zone, but in the spring it is imperative to remove the shelter so that the roots do not come out.

For the first two weeks, forsythia is regularly watered as the soil dries up in the holes. But you shouldn't be too zealous either: it is harmful to flood the plant.

How to care for forsythia

What Forsythia loved by all is its unpretentiousness. Usually, the rainfall is enough for the bush. Only in abnormal heat conditions will the plant need help, sometimes pouring a bucket of water under each bush.

Particularly attentive gardeners can take care of planting forsythia by applying organic fertilizers in the fall: rotted compost or humus, scattered over the surface of the earth with a layer of 10-20 cm, will become an excellent shelter for the winter, a source of nutrients for development in the coming season. In the spring, you can feed the plants with phosphorus-containing mineral fertilizers to stimulate flowering. For example, natroamofoskoy (a tablespoon in a bucket of water, consumption of 1-2 liters of solution under a bush). At the end of flowering, top dressing with Kemira-Lux or potassium nitrate is desirable according to the instructions. This will help prepare the plant for the upcoming flowering and wintering season.

Winter hardiness of forsythia

It is best to grow ovoid forsythia in central Russia, the winter hardiness of which is above average. Such a beauty survives even in the Urals and Siberia, but requires shelter for the winter.

Propagation of forsythia by cuttings

Forsythia propagation by cuttings photo

Most often, green cuttings are used: in June, green young twigs 10-15 cm long are cut and planted in cups with nutrient soil, covered with sachets or transparent plastic cups on top.

Before planting, it is advisable to keep the cuttings in a solution of heteroauxin or root for a day, which will stimulate root formation. In about a month and a half, the cuttings will release new shoots, which will be evidence of rooting. In September, they can be planted in the ground, and before frost, they can be insulated with a layer of earth and fallen leaves for a successful winter.

You can cut woody cuttings in October and bury them right in the garden, leaving them under cover for the winter. In the spring, the shelter is removed, and the cuttings quickly release young shoots. By the fall, the seedlings will be ready for planting in a permanent place.

The video will tell you about the propagation of forsythia by cuttings at home:

Propagation of forsythia by layering

Twigs, bent and pinned to the ground, slightly dug in, quickly root at the ditch. especially if you make a small incision in the bark at the pinning site. Layers can be made almost the entire warm season, from spring to autumn. After a year, you will get an excellent seedling, which can be separated from the mother bush and planted in the place you need.

Pruning and shaping forsythia

Forsythia tolerates pruning, but it should not be abused. Young bushes are subjected to only sanitary pruning, removing frozen, dry and diseased branches. Only in the 3-4th year can you start formative pruning, giving the bush the desired shape: spherical or rectangular. Remember that you can cut off no more than a third of the length of the branches so that the forsythia continues to bloom. By cutting up to 6 cm at the ends of the branches, you risk nothing and can safely experiment.

If the bush is already old, it can be rejuvenated by radical pruning, leaving only a third of the length of the branches. This will stimulate the active growth of young branches. But such an operation can be carried out no more often than once every three to four years.

When to prune forsythia?

Sanitary pruning of forsythia is usually done in spring, and shaping pruning - in autumn or summer, after flowering.

Pests and diseases of forsythia

Forsythia is very rarely sick and affected by pests. However, the danger still exists.

• The appearance of brown spots on the leaves indicates the development of moniliosis. Sanitary pruning of all affected parts and treatment of the shrub with a fungicide will be required.
• The appearance of nematodes is recognized by the fact that the bush stops growing and even withers. We need to treat the soil with carbation.
• If the bush begins to wither sharply, urgently treat it with a five percent foundationol solution.
• If you notice signs of rot, spreading quickly, this is a sign of bacteriosis. It will not be possible to save the diseased bush, it must be dug up and burned as soon as possible so that the disease does not spread to neighboring plants.

Forsythia in autumn Preparing for winter

Young bushes can freeze slightly, so do not be lazy to cover them by shoveling up the ground and covering them with leaves. The branches need to be bent and pinned to the ground, covered with spruce branches. In winter, it is good to warm up the snow on top. In early spring, the shelter should be removed, the branches should be freed from spruce branches. It is important to do this on time (before the start of sap flow) so as not to disrupt the natural cycle of plant development. Mature shrubs do not bend to the ground, but root cover is still necessary.

Forsythia in landscape design

Forsythia in landscape design photo

Forsythia is often planted together with evergreens: conifers, boxwood, periwinkle, holly, etc. Blooming in early spring, the shrub looks spectacular against the backdrop of greenery.

Shrub forsythia planting and care Photo with flowers

You can plant lawn grass under the forsythia, which will also be an excellent background for the golden flowers of the shrub. And next to break a flower bed with primroses or daffodils known to all.

How to plant forsythia Bagryannik and forsythia photo

Forsythia is planted next to the canadian scarlet, such joint plantings look fantastic: delicate purple and bright yellow flowers create a great combination.

Forsythia hedge photo

Forsythia (Forsythia) is also known under the names of forsythia or forsition. A bush or small tree from the Olive family blooms very beautifully. It is grown in compositions with conifers, decorative deciduous and flowering crops.

Shrub with yellow flowers in landscape design

In the landscape design of the backyard territory, squares and parks, only six types of forsion are used, including the European one with bright, yellow flowers that look like small bells, which are singly located in the leaf axils. This type is characterized by winter hardiness and durability. When creating rock gardens or rockeries, radically cut bushes with the correct crown shape act as a central element.

Shrubs with extraordinary flowering have great potential for modern landscape decor. Even a simple single landing becomes a real decoration of any site, not only with a flat surface, but also with uneven slopes. Regular plant formation allows you to create original hedges. The bright golden foliage and flowers look especially beautiful on a green background of conifers and near traditional flower beds. The culture is decorative, not only in the spring-summer period, but also in the fall.

How to care for forsythia (video)

Description of the types and varieties of forsythia

Regardless of the variety, all species are represented by plants with a height of the aboveground part of up to three meters and a width of no more than a couple of meters. The bark is rough, has a grayish-brown color. The foliage is simple, sometimes complex, trifoliate, without stipules, oval in shape, with numerous serrations. The leaf arrangement is opposite. Bell-shaped flowers, bright yellow color.

We recommend that you familiarize yourself with:

Hanging forsythia

F.suspensa Vahl. - a shrub plant no more than three meters high, has a wide and fairly spreading crown, represented by thin drooping branches of an arched-curved shape. The flowers are golden yellow in color, no more than 25 mm in diameter, collected in bundle-shaped inflorescences on the shoots of olive or reddish-brown coloration. The foliage is trifoliate and simple. Looks spectacular on trellises, used for homogeneous groups, decorating slopes and decorative single plantings.

Forsythia ovoid

F.оvata Nakai is the most winter-hardy representative of this genus, it is distinguished by its short stature. The height of the aboveground part of the deciduous shrub, as a rule, does not exceed two meters. The culture has sprawling, grayish-yellow branches. The foliage is of medium length, with a sharp point, bright green color. The flower is bright yellow. Early flowering, solitary. Average flowering time is characteristic. In the autumn, the leaves acquire a very decorative dark purple color with an orange tint.

Forsythia greening

F.viridissima grows naturally in China. A special feature is the very numerous unusual flowers with a greenish tint. The average flower diameter does not exceed 40 mm.

Forsythia drooping

Forsythia drooping or drooping is a tree-like shrub, the aerial part of which reaches three meters. It is characterized by high indicators of decorativeness., and in the autumn, the green foliage acquires a very original yellow or purple coloration, which is due to varietal characteristics.

Intermediate forsion

An upright type shrub, highly decorative plant popular with amateur flower growers, which has a very spreading and beautiful crown. The height of the above-ground part does not exceed three meters. The species belongs to the category of sufficiently cold-resistant and is represented by popular varieties Gоldеn Тime, Fiestа, Fеnsiflora and Beatriks.

Korean forsythia

F. koreana is a highly decorative, early flowering, deciduous shrub plant that forms a spreading, slightly drooping crown. For a long time retains its external attractiveness, and also characterized by undemanding soil and climatic conditions.

European forsythia

F. europaea belongs to the category of the most winter-hardy ornamental garden plants. In natural conditions, it grows on open slopes. The above-ground part is no more than two meters high, with erect branches. Flowers of a single type, with a weak aroma, golden yellow coloration, sessile type, no more than 35 mm in diameter.

Forsythia Minigold

F.Intеrmеdia Minigold is a miniature variety from the Olive family and differs in the aboveground part with a height of no more than a meter. In April, a large number of golden flowers appear on the plant, after which foliage of a green juicy color with a pronounced yellow stripe is formed.

Forsythia Spectabilis

F.srestаbilis with the height of the above-ground part of no more than one meter. It is characterized by cascading branches, green foliage, which in the autumn becomes bright yellow or purple in color, dark yellow flowers. Flowering lasts less than a month and begins in the last decade of April.

Forsythia Goldraush

F.intermеdia Gоldrаusсh - is represented by a spreading shrub plant, with rather large yellow flowers. Flowering occurs in the spring and is not too long.

Forsythia Coomson

F. koreana Kumson is a low, shrubby, deciduous ornamental plant with beautiful drooping and spreading branches. Green foliage, with a very characteristic bright creamy white venation. Flowers are pale yellow in color, no more than 25-30mm in diameter.

Forsythia Linwood Gold

F.intermedia Lynwоd with a crown diameter of an adult plant within 2.5 m and a height of the aboveground part of no more than three meters. This rather large and dense shrub has slightly drooping branches and large, jagged green leaves, which become yellow or purple in autumn. Large flowers, very numerous, up to 35 mm in diameter.

Forsythia Goldsauber

This is a very valuable and highly decorative variety, which is in great demand among domestic amateur flower growers. Differs in very large and beautiful flowers saturated golden yellow color. The two-meter bush continues to bloom for three weeks and begins in mid-April.

Terms and rules for planting and transplanting forsythia

Preference should be given to sunny or partially shaded areas. Ornamental culture is not demanding on the soil, but prefers fertile and neutral soil. Poorly tolerates prolonged drought. It is recommended to plant seedlings in early spring or autumn, but for the wintering to be successful, a plant planted in the autumn must be cut and covered for the winter.

The soil on the site before planting needs preliminary processing. The soil should be thoroughly dug up, freed from weeds and loosened very well. At the bottom of the pre-prepared planting grooves, it is necessary to fill in the drainage layer, represented by fine crushed stone. From above it is required to fill in nutritious fertile soil.

Forces breeding methods

There are several ways to propagate a decorative perennial, but most often cuttings are used. Reproduction by layering and cuttings allows you to get a flowering and very decorative plant in a short time. Lignified forsythia cuttings are harvested at the end of October, after which they are stored until spring in moist sand.

You need to harvest green cuttings after flowering ends, from late May to early June. The optimum length of the cuttings is 20 cm. The cuttings should be planted in pre-moistened and loosened soil, represented by a mixture of fertile soil and sand. You need to bury the seedlings about 50mm into the ground, placing them at a slight slope.

Cutting forsythia (video)

Outdoor care for forsythia

It is not difficult to care for a garden decorative perennial, and the main conditions for maintaining external attractiveness are watering and feeding the plant, regular aeration of the soil and proper pruning.

Top dressing, watering and aeration of the soil

Many varieties and species are drought-resistant, so any waterlogging of the soil can be detrimental to the culture. In a rainy period, irrigation activities must be abandoned. During dry periods, perennials need to be watered once a month, spending one and a half winds on each plant. During the growing season, moisture in the near-stem circles should be minimal.... A good result is given by periodic sprinkling.

After watering, the soil is loosened. It is also very important to feed regularly. In early spring, just before flowering, it is necessary to feed the decorative perennial with complex fertilizers at the rate of 60-80g / m2.

Bush pruning technology

Deciduous shrubs need to ensure regular pruning, in the absence of which the plant practically does not bloom, quickly stretches and can completely lose its visual appeal. Pruning should be done immediately after flowering. All old or too long branches are subject to complete removal. Pruning is done with clean, sharp pruning shears.

Post-flowering care

After flowering, the plant needs quality care. A very good result is obtained by feeding the plant with complex fertilizers at the rate of 60-80g / m2. To increase the indicators of frost resistance, it is recommended to carry out top dressing at the very end of summer standard phosphorus-potassium mixtures.

Shrub shelter for the winter

Even frost-resistant varieties and species must be insulated without fail in the fall even before the onset of a significant cold snap. For this purpose, it is recommended to use dry foliage or needles. Before the autumn warming, the branches of the bush must be pressed to the soil and only then covered.

Protection against diseases and pests

The resistance of an ornamental deciduous shrub to plant parasites and pathogenic microflora is quite high. In rare cases, the lesion of perennials with moniliosis and bacteriosis is noted. Monilose spots on foliage and branches are cut to a healthy area. When infected with bacteriosis, the plant is dug up and destroyed.... The fight against nematodes is carried out by spilling the soil with carbation.

Removing the shelter and caring for the plant in early spring

In early spring, the shelter from the aerial part of the deciduous perennial must be removed, the branches must be detached, and the dry foliage must be removed from the trunk. After that, depending on the condition of the soil, fertilizing with nitrogen-containing fertilizers and careful watering is performed.

Planting and caring for forsythia in the Moscow region and Siberia

Caring for perennials in the middle zone of our country, as well as in Siberia and the Urals, does not have any special differences. It is advisable to take a closer look at the use of shelter and pruning deciduous plants in preparation for wintering.

How to plant forsythia (video)

The popularity of the garden culture is due to sufficient frost resistance, but in very harsh winter periods, freezing of shoots and flower buds is possible, therefore, in order to get full flowering, you will need to bend down the shoots for the winter. The culture is able to very easily recover after pruning and freezing, therefore it is widely used in landscape design in our country.

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