Beans decorative planting and care in the open field

Summer residents and residents of country houses love varieties of decorative curly beans for their easy planting and undemanding care and reproduction. Ornamental beans are one of the favorite plants of gardeners. The article contains a guide on growing different types of plants, a description of varieties, tips and photos.

Characteristics of ornamental beans

Ornamental beans are a picky and practical plant. He is allowed along the walls, along fences, gazebos. The main thing is that the support must be strong and not break under a large mass. Beans grow quickly, growing up to 5 meters in length. The plant loves warmth, so it is better to plant it in a sunny area.
Beans of all varieties of beans are edible, except for purple. The rest are useful, they contain magnesium, zinc, iron, calcium, chromium and vitamins of groups A, B, C, E. At the same time, beans are low in calories, only 25 kcal per 100 g and contain vegetable proteins.

Ornamental beans saturate the soil around them with nitrogen, which accumulates on the roots. Therefore, the yields of potatoes planted nearby increase by 70%. Also, ornamental beans protects against late blight. To do this, it is grown right between the potatoes. Green manure and composts are made from the leaf mass of beans.

Turkish beans

Decorative bean varieties

Ornamental bean varieties do not differ in leaf size, color, or bean flavor. Only the color of the flowers varies. Bean varieties:

1. Mammoth. It is a variety with beautiful white flowers. They differ in shade and size. Mammoth flowers are larger than the rest.
2. Purple beans - the flowers are purple in color. It is one of the most common and differs only in that its beans cannot be eaten.
3. Bicolor beans are a variety characterized by a combination of white and deep red French beans.
4. Turkish beans are another favorite variety among Russians. It has orange-red, fiery flowers. This variety is unpretentious, with minimal time and effort for care, it grows up to 3 - 4.5 meters.
5. Golden nectar is an unusual bean variety, notable for its orange flowers.
6. French is a variety with bright red, burgundy blooms. Flowers of the same color are found in two-tone beans.

Sowing and reproduction of ornamental beans

The plant is planted in a place warmed by the sun. It is best if, before that, cucumbers, potatoes, cabbage, and tomatoes grew on the site. Preparations for planting are made in the fall. It is necessary to dig up the soil and fertilize with superphosphate and potash fertilizers with the calculation of 0.25-0.3 kg of the first and 0.15 kg of the second per 10 square meters. Due to this, the flowering of the culture has a rich color, and the liana develops well in the plant.

Sometimes the soil has to be limed before planting. It should also contain a small amount of nitrogen: the excess accumulates on the roots and harms the plant. Therefore, no nitrogen fertilizers are applied. Their addition is fraught with the development of too much vegetative mass and a decrease in the number of fruits.

Ornamental bean sprouts

In autumn, the soil for growing beans is fertilized with humus (4 kg per 1 sq. M.). In the spring, mineral fertilizers and organic matter are added - 20 g of potassium chloride and 30 g of superphosphate per 1 sq. M.

Ornamental beans are grown in two ways: by sowing directly into the ground or for seedlings. The latter method implies an early onset of flowering, but still not so popular with gardeners, because the plant does not really like transplanting. Before planting, the seeds are soaked for a day in water at room temperature with the addition of a growth stimulator. After that, the seeds are dried and planted.

Attention! You need to plant beans before June 15.

Sowing ornamental beans for seedlings

They begin to grow decorative beans for seedlings at the end of March. The beans are scattered in peat pots to a depth of 1.5 cm. Only one family is planted in one pot. They germinate quickly enough. When the plant reaches a height of 10 cm, it must be provided with support. The temperature at which the seedlings should be kept is + 18 ... + 22 ° C. There is no need to pinch the shoots.

The transplant must be done while the plant is not yet developed, otherwise it does not adapt well. Best of all, when the beans previously grew in soil. If not, the beans are transplanted along with a small lump of earth.

Sowing ornamental beans in open soil

Sowing beans begins in 10-15 days of April. This is early sowing. More often the plant is planted in early to mid-May. The main landmark is the time when cucumbers are planted, which, like beans, are afraid of frost.

Before sowing, the soil should warm up to + 12 ... + 14 ° C. Before sowing, the seeds are left in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes. After that, they are planted in the soil to a depth of 1-2 cm in the pits, pouring 2-3 beans into each.

It is advisable to leave at least 25-30 cm between the holes, and 45-50 cm between the rows. If the soil is warm, sowing is carried out on a flat surface. If it is cold, there is groundwater nearby - they make beds. A wooden support 2.5-3 m high is installed near each hole. Plastic or metal structures are not suitable, since the plant cannot twine around them.

Bean support

Caring for ornamental beans

Even young beans are afraid of the cold. Average daily air temperature suitable for normal growth is +18 ° C. If it is less, the beans are covered with a protective film, spunbond or other material. Adult plants tolerate low temperatures better and do not die even in frost conditions.

When caring for ornamental beans, regular watering is very important, especially if the weather is dry and hot. Weeding is also needed. On dry days, the beans are watered directly from the spout of the watering can, removing the sieve. Pour in the middle of the rows, between crops. Water is suitable settled, chlorine-free, warm.

Important! When watering, water should not get on the buds!

They are fed with superphosphates, any organic fertilizers, but not fresh manure. The great benefits of decorative beans are mulching with hay, straw, sawdust, wood shavings.

No dry or liquid fertilizer should be applied to the bean leaves. The leaves of the plant are tender and can get burns, which water does not always help to remove. Because of this, dry fertilizers are poured directly onto the soil, being careful not to hurt the plant. When liquid is introduced, they are carefully poured directly from the spout of the watering can in the middle of the row.

Ornamental beans are a picky, healthy plant. Ugly walls are covered with beans, gazebos are decorated, with its help they create beautiful arches or decorate different areas of the site.

Curly decorative beans: video

Curly decorative beans: photo

Recently, the cultivation of ornamental beans has become a very popular activity. If you want to plant them on your site, you should know what these climbing varieties are remarkable for and what kind of care they need.

What are ornamental beans and the purpose of their cultivation

Beans were brought to European countries only in the 15th century, and at first absolutely all types were considered decorative and were not eaten.

The varieties used to plant for garden decoration in modern times are distinguished by a dense flowering cover and a special, beautiful flowering, they can be colored. They apply for creating green hedges or artistic elements.

Plants are grown as annuals. Saplings grow rapidly, forming long branchy vines. There are also spray patterns. In autumn, like other beans, pods ripen on the branches. Their colors directly depend on varietal characteristics.

The color of the pods of decorative beans directly depends on the variety.

The beans themselves have an interesting color: they distinguish between pink, reddish, purple speckled and others.

Can you eat ornamental beans?

Despite the name, this representative of legumes can be eaten... In Russia, the plant is most often grown for beauty, but in many other countries its fruits are eaten, like in ordinary, classic varieties.

Dishes made from such beans do not differ in taste... They are a source of vegetable protein, vitamins and minerals. Having a high energy value, bean cuisine is considered dietary.

The easily digestible bean protein is similar in its properties to the animal, as in meat or fish.

Ornamental beans are edible just like regular beans

The most popular varieties for outdoor cultivation

Among the variety of options, species that have bright red and purple flowers are especially in demand among Russians.

Violetta

This is one of the varieties most appreciated by summer residents. In length it reaches 2.5 meters... Large pale purple flowers are clearly visible on the dark green foliage.

A crop that ripens within 55 days after germination has the same color.

Violetta

The variety is thermophilic. If properly planted and cared for, it responds with a high yield.

Draconic tongues

Draconic languages ​​were named so due to interesting color of pods... The purple tone of the delicate cover is combined with a rich yellow color, creating a clear contrast.

It is noteworthy that during heat treatment, the color changes and becomes uniformly green.

Draconic tongues

Little Red Riding Hood

The flowers of this early variety are pure red, while in the seeds this shade covers only the barrel, and the rest is white. The fruits are especially successfully used in the preparation of borscht, because their dense texture does not boil over.

Little Red Riding Hood

Fiery waterfall

The Fiery Waterfall variety is capable of reaching 5 meters long.

Rock climber Pink

Rock climber Pink blooms from June to September... Small pink buds, collected in a brush, bloom on dense vines of dark green color, reaching up to 3 meters high.

Rock climber Pink

Correct fit

You can plant beans in seedlings, but there is no particular need for this. Landing in open ground is carried out from mid-May to early June.

The seeds are soaked in water for a day and then placed in the soil at a depth of 1 centimeter. The method consists in digging holes at a distance of 40-45 cm, which must be thoroughly watered. 2-3 seeds descend in them at once.

Harvesting of seedlings in greenhouse conditions occurs in the middle of April at temperatures from 18 to 22 degrees above zero. Each sprout needs a separate pot. If it is already too elongated, and the transfer to the site is not yet carried out, then the plant is provided with additional support.

This species does not tolerate transplantation, therefore, growing seedlings is not effective.

Care

You need a heat-loving landing protect from frost... At cold temperatures, crops are carefully insulated with foil or other material. They also need spud and set the direction for growth.

A favorable condition is the presence of light, fertile land, with enough moisture and light. The beans require good watering, especially in the heat. It is advisable to mulch the surface at the roots with sawdust or straw: this way the moisture remains longer.

Ornamental beans grow well in light, fertile soil

All organic fertilizers are suitable for this crop, excluding fresh manure.

Application in landscape design

Ornamental beans are a great vertical landscaping tool for design. With its help, decoration is carried out hedges, fences, gazebos... The plant is used in the creation of arches, colorful pergolas.

An interesting solution is the creation of garden compositions that add zest to the space and add coziness. Plantings adorn the beds with abundant flowering in summer, hanging bright pods add brightness in autumn days.

Forming an arched shape, the seeds are sown on the sides of the structure on both sides. The tops of the grown vines are held together or rise even higher.

Bean arch

Diseases and pests

Harmful insects can already inhabit the seeds, therefore, before sowing, the planting material should be examined for the presence of bean weevil.

Only healthy samples are suitable for use, the rest are subject to destruction. This gray bug is identified by the holes formed, the larvae.

To protect the fruits from infection, after harvest, the part intended for reproduction in the next season is processed metathione... They should be stored in tightly tied bags, at zero temperature.

If light brown spots with a yellowish green outline are present on the leaves in a chaotic manner, this indicates the presence of bacteriosis. Affected shoots are immediately removed, and adjacent ones are processed copper chloride... After 10 days, the spraying procedure is repeated. This disease is also noticeable on the seeds in the form of the same specks.

There are many ways to improve the land plot. Curly beans, charming and unpretentious, are perfect for this purpose.

Many people are familiar with such a culture as beans since childhood. Soups are made from it, added to salads, stewed, and prepared. Beans belong to the Legumes family. Grows in the form of a climbing herb or shrub. The color of the fruit can be varied, with a very interesting pattern.

Beans are among the ten most useful foods. Due to the content of about 20% protein in terms of energy value, it is equal to meat, the balanced composition of the product supplies almost all body systems with useful substances.

Simple agricultural technology and unpretentious care, the possibility of obtaining a generous harvest of useful and nutritious fruits - all this prompts you to set aside a piece of land for beans on your site. Even a novice vegetable grower can handle the cultivation of beans. Beans are successfully cultivated in Belarus, Ukraine, the Moscow region, the Urals and even in Siberia.

Dates for planting beans in open ground

Beans planting in spring photo shoots

Beans are a thermophilic crop. They start planting it in the second half of May, when the threat of return frosts has completely passed. The lowest temperature that young seedlings can survive is 0 ° C, at -1 ° C the seedlings die. If the frost was short, then the sprouts will survive, but their development will be slowed down, which will negatively affect the yield.

Covering with a film, agrotextile or the construction of a temporary shelter will help protect against a sudden drop in temperature, as an option - make a fire at night so that it smokes until morning, this will help ward off small short-term frosts.

When planting beans, be guided by the weather conditions:

• At a depth of 10 cm, the soil should warm up by 12-15 ° C (according to popular observations, this approximately coincides with the period of flowering of chestnuts).
• To start sowing a little earlier (in the future this has a positive effect on the yield), the soil should be "warmed up" by covering it with plastic wrap. After sowing, cover the beds again until the night temperature is + 12 ° C.

Erect varieties should be sown first, after a week, start sowing climbing ones. Bush varieties are recommended to be sown in early July (just at this time, the beds will be free after harvesting early-ripening vegetables).

Planting dates for beans in the middle lane and the Moscow region

Experienced gardeners carry out seeding in several stages. From mid-May to early June, beans can be sown at 10-day intervals.

Planting dates for beans in Siberia and the Urals

In open ground, seeds can be planted in early June.

Do I need to soak beans before planting?

How to soak beans before planting and how to process

Seeds are sown directly into open ground without growing seedlings. Whether to soak beans before planting, think carefully: prepared seeds will need to be planted immediately, regardless of weather conditions or sudden cases that have appeared. Therefore, schedule your time so as not to spoil the seed in vain. In addition, soaked seeds must be planted in moist soil, because if there is a lack of moisture, the sprouts will simply die. Therefore, when planting, water the holes and plant the soaked seeds in the mud, or water after planting.

To get earlier shoots and protect young shoots from diseases, it is advisable to pre-treat the seeds before planting.

Start processing in the evening before sowing. The process takes place in several stages:

• For 10 minutes, place in a slightly boron solution of potassium permanganate, then rinse with water.
• Then soak in wood ash infusion for 2 hours, rinse again.
• Wrap in a damp cloth and leave at room temperature overnight.
• Immediately before sowing, dip in boric acid solution for 5 minutes.

When deciding whether to soak beans before planting, consider the following factors:

• If you plant in dry soil and there is no way to water, do not soak it better.
• If it is raining soon and you are sure that you will have time to plant, you can soak and not water when planting.
• It is advisable to soak if it is already late, and you want to get seedlings as soon as possible.
• When planting large areas in the field, it is better not to soak, you will not have time to water, and the seeds may die from lack of moisture in sufficiently dry weather.

Choosing a place for planting beans

Illumination

Choose a well-lit place for cultivating beans, avoid drafts and strong winds. Young, immature shoots are very sensitive to this. Beans are often sown along fences, under apple trees.

Soil composition

Clay soils are contraindicated, since they do not allow water and air to pass through well, and the roots of the plant do not tolerate dampness (they will simply rot). Loose soils with a nutritious top layer are best.

Predecessors

Take into account the crops that were previously grown on the site. Excellent predecessors are carrots, potatoes, cucumber, peppers, tomatoes, eggplant.

Preparing a site for planting beans

Site preparation consists in digging to the depth of a shovel bayonet and adding one of the nutrient compositions (per 1 m²):

1. Compost or humus (4 kg), 2 tablespoons of superphosphate and dolomite flour, 1 tablespoon of ammonium nitrate.
2. About 2 kg of humus or compost, 30 g of superphosphate, 20 g of wood ash.

Planting scheme for beans in open ground and planting depth

Planting bush beans scheme:

Planting bush beans photo

The holes are made at a distance of 20-25 cm, in the aisles they keep a distance of 40 cm, planting depth of beans is 5-6 cm.

Planting curly beans scheme:

How to plant curly beans photo

For climbing varieties, the row spacing should be 45-50 cm. They will need support.

Place a few seeds (5-6 pcs) in each hole, pour warm water. When the shoots appear and give one true leaf each, leave 3 shoots in the hole (the rest can be transplanted or simply removed).

Planting scheme for green beans or asparagus

How to plant asparagus beans photo

It is also convenient to plant green beans, or asparagus, in rows: the depth of the grooves is about 5-6 cm, the row spacing is left 40-60 cm wide, in the row between the beans, 10 cm is enough.

How to plant beans in rows, look at the video:

The method of planting beans described in the video is very convenient for use in a summer cottage and a personal plot.

Planting corn and beans together

Corn with beans planting and care photos

Climbing beans are often grown in conjunction with corn. Landing is done under a hoe: shallow holes are made with a hoe, shoveling the earth in one direction, throw 2 corn seeds and 2-3 beans each, rake the hole with your foot and move on. The distance between the rows is 0.7 m, in the row between the holes - 30-40 cm.

Further care of the plants is simple: timely weeding, if it is in the steppe. If at home, you can water occasionally to get a rich harvest.

Planting curly beans in the video:

Do I need to water the beans after planting

When planting in the steppe, the beans are not watered, if this is a personal plot, it is better to plant the beans in the mud and sprinkle with damp earth (before planting, pour some water into the holes or rows). This does not form an earthen crust on the surface, and it will be easier for young tender sprouts to break through.

How many bean seeds sprout

The acceleration of germination is facilitated by the treatment of seeds with a growth stimulant and soaking.

Untreated bean seeds begin to sprout 7-10 days after planting. If the temperature of the air and soil is below the recommended values, then the seeds germinate for 5-7 days longer.

How to care for beans outdoors

Beans are unpretentious in care, requiring minimal effort on the part of a person. It is useful to hud up young shoots in order to give them stability.

How to water

The plant is hygrophilous. It is important to ensure regular, balanced watering if you want to get a lot of beans. Pay special attention to this point during the pod formation period. Watering is carried out about 1 time a week, determine the rate of water for the bush "by eye", the main thing is to prevent the soil from drying out. For irrigation, it is better to use softened water with a temperature of at least 18 ° C. For this purpose, you can install a barrel in the garden to collect rainwater or settle tap water.

How to feed

Beans are usually not fed. However, a high level of agricultural technology will allow you to get a much larger harvest. The culture is responsive to feeding, but don't overdo it.Otherwise, the tops will actively develop, which will reduce the ovary of the pods.

If you have taken care of laying the nutrient layer during planting, it is enough to feed three times per season.

• The first feeding is carried out 1-1.5 months after germination. Apply a complex of mineral fertilizers with an emphasis on nitrogen and phosphorus. You can add superphosphate (30-40 g per 1 m²).
• For the formation of fruits, a second feeding should be carried out 3 weeks after the first. Add 10-15 g of potassium salt per 1 m² of area.
• The third time is fed after another 3 weeks.

Remove weeds from the area regularly.

After watering, gently loosen the soil in the tree trunk circle.

Useful video about growing vegetable beans:

Diseases and pests of beans

Sources of disease are infected seeds, so discard poor quality seeds (shriveled, darkened, unevenly colored, with strange dots or spots) and be sure to pre-treat. Choose more resistant varieties (we talked about them earlier). In southern regions, sow later so that plants form at 25 ° C. Also, a measure of control against diseases and pests is the observance of crop rotation (in the same place they are grown with an interval of about 4 years).

Bean diseases:

Bean anthracnose

• Anthracnose - the whole plant with leaves and fruits is covered with rusty spots.
• Powdery mildew - recognized by the presence of a whitish bloom.
• Ascochitosis - spots with a black core and a blurry outline appear on the leaf plates. The defeat most often occurs at the fruiting stage - it is too late to heal.
• Rust - the leaves become covered with brown spots, which quickly fill the plant, literally killing it. Most often passes from milkweed weeds. If the disease occurred even before flowering, treat with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid.
• Deforming and yellow mosaic - the leaf plates are covered with yellow specks, they become wrinkled, the growth rate slows down. However, the virus may not affect the fetus.
• Bacterial wilting - the edges of the leaves are covered with yellow spots, then they turn completely yellow and fall off. The disease develops in high humidity, so avoid sprinkling.

Bean pests

Pests are not often disturbed. Among them:

• Aphid
• Whitefly
• Bean weevil
• Sprout fly

In addition to the preventive measures described above, timely harvesting (before the pods crack) will help protect the beans from pests. To destroy pests, you should hold the beans in the freezer for 3-4 days.

Before and after flowering, you can carry out treatment with a biological product of a wide spectrum of action.

Bean stems and leaves can attack slugs. It is important to carry out weeding in a timely manner, because gastropods love a cool, moist environment. These pests are collected manually or use special traps.

Harvest time of beans

The timing of harvesting depends on the variety and variety of the crop.

Do not overexpose the asparagus beans in the garden - in the dried state, the quality of the product is lost.

If you plan to use the fruit for conservation, it can be picked slightly unripe. To store the beans dry, you must wait until they are ripe. But don't be late so you don't have to harvest beans from the ground.

Ripening can occur unevenly: in the shade of its own tops, some ovaries remain greenish, and at the tops, the pods are already dry. Remove the last, leave the rest to ripen.

It is not necessary to manually remove the beans from the pods. Take a bag or spread a blanket, lay out well-dried pods, and use a stick or other similar object to walk around with moderate effort. Remove the husk and sort the beans, dry them and store them. Store in glass jars with a tight-fitting lid (preferably glass or metal).

Bean varieties with photos and descriptions

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a cultivated species for the purpose of obtaining a crop of beans. Among the varieties (curly or bush), bush beans are most often preferred.

The variety of varieties complicates the selection. Consider the classification depending on the adaptability of the variety to the specific climatic conditions of a particular region.

Bean varieties for Ukraine, Belarus, Moscow region

Green beans Moscow white beans 556 photos

Moscow white green-leafed 556 - forms bushes about 25 cm high. The beans are covered with a very thin parchment layer (it boils rather quickly). The variety is resistant to both drought and high humidity. The period from sowing to technical maturity is 100 days.

Curly beans Nomad photo

Nomad is a climbing variety with medium ripening periods. The beans are ovoid and have a shade of ocher with a pale purple pattern. They do not have fibers and parchment layers, which makes the structure soft and delicate.

Bean varieties for the middle lane and the Urals

Orange - shrub plants 35-55 cm high. Ripening early (80-90 days). The fruits are distinguished by their high taste. With 1 m², you can harvest within 200 g.

Pink - the bush curls, the stems reach a length of about 3 m, needs support. The beans have a marbled pink color and are delicate in texture (fibers and interlayer are absent). It is universal in application (the unique taste is preserved in any form). Ripening period is 65-85 days.

Bean varieties for Siberia

Curly beans with red flowering Photo Winner

The winner is the curly variety. The fruits are large, the length of the pods is about 30 cm. Thanks to good immunity, resistance to cold weather, cultivation in Siberia is possible. The variety has fiery red flowers, which is why it is often used for decorative purposes.

Asparagus beans Butter king photo

Butter king - asparagus beans, ripening period is 1.5 months. Tubular fruits will please even gourmets. The length of the pods is about 25 cm. The application is universal: freezing, canning, preparation of beans in dry form.

Of course, any gardener wants to decorate his plot with flowers that would have an attractive appearance and do not require a lot of maintenance. In this case, decorative beans come to the rescue - a plant that successfully combines both of these qualities. In addition to the garden, it can also be grown at home.

Description of ornamental beans

Ornamental beans are an annual climbing plant in the legume family. It is a powerful liana with dense foliage, strewn with flowers, which later turn into pods. The beans are variegated and quite large in size. Ornamental beans have been used as a horticultural crop for over six centuries.

Flowers can be of different shades depending on the variety. For example, beans of the Mammoth variety have white flowers, French - red, Dolichos - bright pink.

Dolichos ornamental bean flowers look like hyacinths

The word "beans" comes from the Latin word "phaseolus", which means "sailing boat". The beans have earned their name because their flowers resemble a ship under sail.

Decorative fiery red beans are one of the most popular varieties of beans in Russia.

Planting methods for decorative beans

You can grow beans in your area in two ways: by direct sowing into the ground and through seedlings.

Planting by direct seeding into the ground

It is worth noting that this method is more preferable, since ornamental beans do not tolerate transplanting well. If you live in a warm region, then you can sow beans from mid-April, when the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm reaches 11-15 ° C, while residents of central Russia will have to wait until mid-May.

1. Prepare the beans for sowing. Before sowing, soak the seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate (it should be bright pink) for 12-15 hours, until the beans swell.A solution of potassium permanganate can be replaced with a solution of boric acid (1 g per 5 l), the soaking time is 5 minutes. This measure is needed to prevent diseases.

   Before sowing, the beans must be soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate

2. When the beans are ready, you can start sowing them in the ground. Moisten the soil well and plant 3 beans in each hole 1–3 cm deep. The holes should be located at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other, the distance between the rows - 45-50 cm. To create more favorable growth conditions, cover the sown area with foil. The germination time depends on the temperature. At a temperature of 16-18 ° C - on the 10-11th day, at 23-24 ° C - on the 6th.
3. Support the beans. The supporting structure must be sufficiently high (approx. 2.5–3 m).

   Beans are a vine, so the plant needs support.

Video: how to make a support for beans

Planting ornamental beans for seedlings

Sowing beans for seedlings is usually carried out at the end of March.

1. It is advisable to use peat pots for seedlings of beans, since they protect the root system of the plant when transplanted into open ground.
2. Before sowing, soak the beans for 2 hours in a bright pink solution of potassium permanganate, and then in warm water until the beans swell slightly. Plant them in pots 1 to 3 cm deep, with 2-3 beans in each hole. Ensure the temperature is at least 18 ° C.

   When two leaves appear on bean sprouts, then you can transplant the sprouts into open ground.

3. You can transplant beans into open ground when at least 2 leaves appear on the sprouts. If you did not use peat pots, then replant the seedlings along with a clod of earth on the roots to less injure them. The time for planting seedlings in open ground depends on the region: in the southern regions, the period from mid to late April will be optimal, in colder areas - mid May. If you want to leave the seedlings in the pot for more than a month, then wait for the shoots to appear, and then stick a support in the center of the pot so that the grown shoots can twine around it and develop correctly. A pencil is perfect for these purposes.
4. After planting the seedlings in the ground, take care of the support. To make the beans entwine it, direct the shoots in the right direction.

Growing ornamental beans outdoors

To ensure the necessary development of decorative beans, you need to properly prepare the site and follow the recommendations for caring for the plant.

Site preparation

A place for planting ornamental beans must be prepared in the fall. To do this, dig up the area you have chosen (note that, firstly, it should be located in the sun, since ornamental beans are a thermophilic culture, and secondly, be well ventilated to prevent the spread of diseases), and then fertilize it:

1. Potash fertilizers. The most popular types: potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium magnesium. A sufficient amount of potassium in the soil will provide better adaptation to temperature changes, tolerance to lack of moisture, and accelerate metabolic processes. The dosage is 0.15 kg per 10 m2.
2. Superphosphate fertilizers. There are several types: monophosphate, granular, ammoniated. Essential for strengthening the root system, slowing down the aging of the plant, nourishing well. The dosage is 0.25-0.3 kg per 10 m2.
3. If necessary, liming the selected area (5–14 kg of lime per 10 m2).
4. After these procedures, fertilize the area with humus (4 kg per 1 m2).

Do not forget to re-dig the site in the spring and add organic fertilizers (manure, humus) and mineral mixtures, for example, the same superphosphates, to the soil. Avoid nitrogen fertilizers. Since beans are a legume, they are capable of releasing enough nitrogen into the soil by themselves. An excess of this component will lead to the growth of green mass to the detriment of flowers.

The best predecessors for ornamental beans are wheat and barley.After them, a sufficient amount of moisture and nutrients remains in the soil, which are necessary for the full growth of the plant.

Rules for caring for ornamental beans

To provide ornamental beans with abundant flowering and protect them from disease, you need to follow several rules:

1. If possible, try to remove dried leaves and flowers.
2. Feed your plant regularly with mineral fertilizers (superphosphates) and organic matter. Manure works well, but it shouldn't be fresh.
3. Provide the beans with a constant, slightly moist soil. Try to water between the rows, keeping moisture out of the plants, to avoid fungal diseases.
4. Mulch the soil after watering to prevent crusting. Straw, sawdust, wood shavings are well suited for mulch.
5. For more abundant flowering and prevention of diseases, use growth regulators (Zircon - prolongs flowering and helps to endure adverse conditions, Kresacin - enriches with vitamins). The drugs must be used strictly according to the instructions.

Diseases of ornamental beans

Like all crops, ornamental beans are also susceptible to various diseases. The most common are anthracosis and bacteriosis.

Anthracnose is a fungal disease that develops most rapidly in damp cold weather. With anthracnose, the plant becomes covered with brownish spots, then the pulp of the leaf turns yellow and dies off. Pods are also affected. To protect your plant from this disease, follow these rules:

1. For sowing, choose strong, healthy beans without signs of disease (brown or brown spots), soak them in potassium permanganate.
2. If one of the plants shows signs of anthracnose, then try to cut out the affected areas, since the disease is contagious.
3. Spray beans with 1% Bordeaux liquid as a treatment.

Anthracnose develops rapidly in wet, cold weather

Bacteriosis is a disease caused by various types of bacteria. The most obvious sign is that yellow spots appear on the leaves, which then turn brown in the center. The onset and development of the disease depends on the initial presence of bacteria in the beans. As a preventive measure, it is necessary to warm the seeds with hot air (60 ° C) for 1.5 hours. Unfavorable conditions can accelerate the course of the disease. As a treatment, experts recommend the introduction of mineral mixtures into the soil (they increase resistance to disease) and spraying with 1% Bordeaux liquid.

Please note that beans can only be re-planted in the affected area after 3-4 years.

Bean leaves affected by bacteriosis become covered with yellow spots

Growing ornamental beans at home

If you don't have a garden, you can also grow decorative beans at home - for example, on the balcony. In this case, you can sow the seeds directly into the soil. To grow ornamental beans at home, you will need a pot with a volume of at least 3 liters and a support. When the shoots are 20-25 cm tall, pinch the growing point if you want your plant to be bushy.

To prevent the beans from suffering from excess UV light, provide them with a faint shade. Water as needed, as the beans are harmed by both excess and lack of moisture. Top dressing - complex mineral fertilizers, for example, diammofoska (a mixture of potash and phosphate fertilizers, dosage - 3 g / l 1 time in 10 days). The best varieties for indoor cultivation: Violetta, Raspberry ringing, French, Golden nectar.

Ornamental beans are often used to decorate balconies.

The basic rules for caring for ornamental beans are simple. By doing them, you can easily achieve good results in growing this wonderful plant - both in the garden and at home.

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