Content
Chin (Lathyrus) is not often found in our gardens. The magnificent decorative liana belongs to the legume family (Papilionaceae) and its appearance is very reminiscent of the well-known annual sweet pea, to which it is a relative.
The plant reaches 2-3 meters in height, has oval-lanceolate green leaves. The main decoration of the rank is beautiful large white, pink, red and even purple flowers, collected in not very large inflorescences on the tops of thin, tough stems, but unlike sweet peas, they have practically no aroma. Vines bloom from June to September. After flowering, fruits develop - green pods with seeds.
Care Tips
Latirus loves a warm, sunny place or a little partial shade. Land for planting should be nutritious, light, rich in humus and calcium, not too wet. Liana has a deep branched root system, so it can do without watering for a long time. It tolerates severe frosts and is practically not affected by pests. The stalks of the ranks reliably cling to the supports with their antennae, therefore, they do not require special support. In autumn, the ground part dies off, and in the new season it begins to develop again from the root.
The latirus propagates with the help of seeds, which must first be stratified at low temperatures. The seeds have a dense shell and therefore a low germination capacity. To facilitate the process, you can rub the seed on sandpaper or soak it in warm water, wait until the shoots appear. Seeds are sown in May in open ground.
Only small plants are transplanted and divided, since an adult liana has a very long root, and it does not tolerate the procedure well.
China perennial is an ideal plant for decorating sun terraces, fences, pergolas and gazebos. Looks great surrounded by roses, princes, kobei, tunbergia, clematis.
Large-flowered varieties popular in horticulture: "Albus", "Red Pearl".
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If you love climbing plants or are crazy about vines, then we advise you to pay attention to the rank plant. Reproduction, planting and care are possible both on a personal plot and on a balcony or even in an apartment.
China belongs to the legume family. Its Latin name translates as "very attractive". And indeed the plant is very pretty. The rank grows in places where the climate is temperate, lives in the Mediterranean countries, in the mountains of South America, in China, in the eastern part of Russia. In total, there are more than fifty different species of this plant. Some of them can be found in our country.
What does rank look like?
This herbaceous plant grows in height from twenty centimeters to almost one and a half meters. There is a perennial rank, there are also annuals. In the rank, the stems have three or four edges. All varieties are climbing plants, very rarely erect. The leaves of the rank have a lanceolate shape and end with a point.
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The flowers of the rank are large enough, have a butterfly shape. The color of the flowers is different: white, pink, orange, purple, red. Up to seven flowers are found in the inflorescence. The fruit of the rank is a bean.The seeds are angular, different in size and color.
As a typical member of the legume family, the rank feels great in symbiosis with bacteria that get nitrogen from the air. As a result, the rank does not require additional feeding from outside, it feeds itself perfectly.
Self-cultivation ranks
This plant thrives in the shade. But for good development and rapid growth, as well as for lush flowering, it is better to place the rank in well-lit areas of the garden. This plant is afraid of the wind, so plant it in a place protected from the wind. The sudden changes in temperature that sometimes occur on summer nights can cause the rank to shed its buds.
The composition of the soil is not so important for the rank. It will thrive in neutral soil with good fertility. When planting, the rank does not need to be fertilized. And it is better to refuse nitrogen-containing fertilizers altogether. Once a season, it is allowed to feed in the form of a liquid mineral composition. This is best done in the spring when the shoots are growing.
How to care for a rank?
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In summer, when it is very hot and dry outside, the rank must be well and abundantly watered. It should be borne in mind that the rank tolerates short periods of drought quite well. The species, which are classified as perennial, tolerate winter frosts quite well. In late autumn, all shoots of such species die off. They must be cut off at the very ground. With the onset of spring, fresh young shoots grow quickly from the buds of renewal.
If, for some reason, the rhizome of the plant is bare and appears on the surface, it just needs to be sprinkled with earth again. Cultivation of ranks does not require special approach and attention.
How to propagate a rank?
The rank has rather large seeds, which are covered with a hard shell. If you do not open the seed shells, then they will not lose their germination in ten years. Scarification is required for seed germination.
Break the seed shells with a sharp object and soak them in very warm water overnight. This should be done in early April in order to plant seeds in a flower bed immediately after swelling and germination. You can pre-plant seeds in peat pots and germinate them in a greenhouse or apartment.
To plant seeds, you need soil from two parts of the earth, one part of peat and half of a part of sand. Plant three pieces of seeds in each such peat pot. In about a week, the first sprouts of the rank will hatch. When three true leaves are formed, the seedlings must be pinched. This must be done so that the plant blooms more luxuriantly and lateral shoots form. You yourself will see that the rank grows very quickly and does not require much effort to take care of yourself. You can plant a rank on flower beds in early May. At the same time, try to maintain a distance between the bushes of about thirty centimeters.
How can the rank be used
China is perfect for arranging vertical flower beds. Equip special supports for her and form a hedge or group flower garden. This plant looks great for decorating a variety of arches or mesh fences. It can be used to enhance the look of unsightly outbuildings. If you plant a rank in the vicinity of other plants, then select those that will be with it in the same color scheme. For example, a mallow looks great next to the rank. China, which has many flowers, will look great in a bouquet.
Some types of ranks are used in folk medicine. It is also grown as a green animal feed.
It's about a representative of the legume family - rank broadleaf, which has been officially called "a simple Latin name" for 263 years Lathyrus, which means "very attractive" in translation.
China - description
From the point of view of botanical practice, the broad-leaved rank is a perennial herb. Its stems can rise to a height of 2.5-3 m, attaching to the support with antennae. The flowers are relatively large, up to 2.5 cm long, 3-9 pieces per inflorescence, of various shades of red, pink or white, unfortunately, devoid of aroma. Beans up to 6 cm long are also decorative. In the "dipteran bean", as it is correct to call the fruits of the broad-leaved rank, contains seeds, 8-15 pieces. What is surprising for a wild plant, the rank does not give self-seeding!
By the way, this plant was introduced into culture as early as the 16th century.
The genus contains a lot of both annual and perennial plants that are extremely attractive and useful for the national economy. One has only to remember everyone's favorite sweet peas, which is also Lathyrus, only odoratus, and numbering about 1000 varieties. But he has one undoubted drawback - he is disposable, he lived the summer, and remember what your name was! And so I want to plant once "my darling" and then enjoy the result - from year to year.
The first time I came across the rank of broadleaf in the GBS RAS. Passing the "hill" representing the flora of the Caucasus, I saw long dry whips (it was in the fall) of a certain liana.
Coming closer, I saw the pods typical for the representatives of legumes ... I collected the seeds and sowed before winter. In the spring they went up with a brush. As it turned out during the search, in the Caucasus, among the leguminous vines, only the broad-leaved rank was listed, and it was perennial. And so it remained in the garden, blooming regularly every year.
See also: Tritsirtis (photo) planting and care
You should probably return a little to the same collected seeds. The fact is that the seeds of leguminous plants, especially small ones, are hard to germinate.
In other words, they have very strong shells, which prevents germination. But they retain their germination capacity for 10 years. But for such seeds there is one technique that can significantly improve the germination process - scarification, which consists in damage 
strong seed coat. Let me tell you a little secret on how to make this procedure simple for a decent amount of seeds.
Take a plastic cylindrical container with a tight lid. Inside it, insert a piece of coarse sandpaper pre-fitted to the size, insert it into the container, pour the seeds there, close the lid tightly and shake for 10 minutes, or better more.
At the same time, the integrity of the hard seed covers is slightly disturbed, which will ultimately lead to their faster and more harmonious germination. It is often recommended to sow the rank in the ground at the beginning of April, which, in light of the peculiarities of this spring, seems to be very dubious advice.
I sowed before winter, and germination was excellent.
You can sow scarified rank seeds in small peat pots and then plant them in the garden in May-June. If the seeds are properly prepared, then the seedlings pop up in a week.
And now everyone is in the garden.
Due to the fact that the transplantation of adult plants of the rank is difficult due to the deep and branched root system, one should "measure a hundred times and once ..." and permanently plant the rank in its permanent place. However, one-year-old seedlings are transplanted without any problems.
The use of the rank in garden design stems from its botanical properties: being a plant of forest edges, it is able to grow in sliding light partial shade (however, in full sun it will bloom more abundantly), unpretentiousness is a true gift for "lazy" gardeners or super busy gardeners. And the flowering period of 3 months, starting in June (depending on the weather), is very long. China is ideal for decorating arched entrances (and exits), decorating fragments of fences or pergolas, ornamental lattices that divide the garden into separate “rooms”. Our heroine will also look great on pyramidal supports. Blooming hedges-walls, including mesh ones, with a broad-leaved rank, should also look great. The main condition is that support is required!
A little about the landscape companions of the broadleaf rank. It seems that not too tall plants that form dense pillow-like curtains, - astilbes, peonies, heucheras ...
Moreover, you can choose the shade of the flowers of the companion or the color of the foliage to match or in some contrast to the inflorescences of the rank. Either pink to pink (white to white), or burgundy, scarlet for companions. It is possible to combine our rank with other vertical dominants, for example, with delphiniums, mullein, mallow, with the appropriate selection of the general color scheme. The broad-leaved rank is also suitable for cutting, for example, for mini-bouquets or boutonnieres.
Such an attractive and problem-free plant, of course, could not but motivate breeders to create decorative varieties. Even if there are not so many of them as varieties of sweet peas, the closest relative of our heroine. Of the varieties, all sorts of "pearls" are known, that is, pearls: White Pearl, Pink Pearl, Red Pearl and Pearl Blend... There are varieties with dark red flowers.
So, the story of another problem-free and therefore favorite plant in my garden comes to an end. It remains to add that after a pleasant acquaintance with the "wild" rank of broadleaf I really want to sow a white and even darker colored variety ...
And there is also a rank Gmelin with yellow-orange flowers, which is a relic of the pre-glacial period, a tuberous rank with a wonderful aroma, but at the same time perennial and edible, and of course, a Japanese rank, since I am working on creating a Japanese garden in my area of \ u200b \ u200bthe corner of Japan.
See also: Bobovnik - planting and care: bad experience
Chyna - landing and leaving
China is absolutely undemanding to the composition of the soil, but it is recommended to grow it on neutral fertile soils.
For me, she puts up with the usual sour loam, so characteristic of the Moscow region.
In the spring, during the period of active growth of shoots, plants can be fed without being zealous with the nitrogen component. Like many legumes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria are present on the roots of the grass. China feeds herself with nitrogen (with their help). Due to the verticality of the plants, care should be taken to protect against strong winds. Although from my practice this is not required. I experienced my "trellis" with rank and hurricanes, and hail ...
After frost and drying of the shoots, the lashes should be cut off, but it is not too late to do this in early spring. If the rank is planted near the fence (fence), then it is worth cutting off dry shoots in the fall, for reasons of fire safety (until smoking on the roads of our garden associations and cottage villages was banned, like restaurants and cafes).
In the spring, the roots of the ranks can be bare, and then the base of the plants should be mulched with fertile loose soil. Watering is required only in the driest periods, but in moderation.
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China (lat.Láthyrus) is a genus of herbs belonging to the legume family (lat.Fabaceae). The Latin name has Greek roots: "la" means "very", "thuros" - "attractive". Plants are common in temperate zones, grow in the Mediterranean, the highlands of South America, Africa, in the east of the Russian Federation and in China. In meadows and forest glades in the vastness of the former USSR, representatives of more than 50 species of rank can be found.
Interesting information: the rank is a food, technical and fodder crop. Green mass, seeds and hay are used as animal feed; casein is obtained from seeds for the production of plywood, textiles and plastics. Sowing ranch (lat. L. sativus) is grown for grain. The meadow rank (lat. L. pratensis) - for green fodder. Also, some types are used in medicine.
Bright and aromatic rank
Description
Chins are herbaceous plants with a height of 15-20 to 150 cm. There are perennial and annual species. Stems are four- or triangular, climbing, lodging or curly, rarely erect. Leaves are compound, paired, lanceolate, ending in a point, thorn or branched tendril.
Flowers are moth-type, large. The corolla is colored blue, white, purple, pink, yellow, burgundy, orange or red. The inflorescence consists of 1-2 flowers, sometimes 3-7 flowers. The fruit is a dipteran bean. Seeds are slightly angular, varying in color (light, white, dark) and size (large, medium or small).
Like many members of the legume family, the rank grows in symbiosis with nodule bacteria that assimilate nitrogen from the atmosphere. The result of this "cohabitation" is that the plants do not need feeding, as they "feed" themselves.
H. Japanese (L. japonicus): inflorescence and beans
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The genus of Chin is quite numerous, there are more than a hundred species, many of which are highly valued in ornamental gardening for their bright and fragrant flowers.
H. fragrant (lat. L. odoratus) - the most common species, often found in parks, gardens and private plots around the world. Plants are known to us as sweet peas. It is a climbing annual, reaching a height of 1-2 m, with large and bright flowers that have a unique aroma. The root system is pivotal, highly branched. The roots penetrate into the soil by 1-1.4 m. 4-9 seeds ripen in each bean, their germination lasts 6-8 years. Abundant flowering, starts in July. If the faded inflorescences are promptly cut off, preventing fruit from forming, flowering can be extended until September-October.
Fragrant mix (L. odoratus)
There are about 1000 varieties of sweet peas in the world collection:
- "Matucana" (‘Matucana’) - the plants have two-color burgundy-purple flowers. This variety is similar to ‘Cupani’, highly valued in landscape design.
- "Promise" (‘Promise’) is a beautiful variety with delicate pink-white flowers.
- "Winston Churchill" stands out for its bright red velvet flowers.
Bright mixborder from a mixture of C. fragrant
H. broadleaf (Latin L. latifolius) is a perennial introduced into culture in the 16th century. Lianas grow 2-3 m long, attached to the supports with antennae. The flowers are pink or bright red, sometimes white, grouped in loose inflorescences of 3-9 pieces, devoid of aroma. Bloom begins in June, decorative effect lasts 3 months. The species is winter-hardy, the plants tolerate frosts down to -30 ° C. An interesting variety "White pearl" has large white flowers.
C. broadleaf (L. latifolius)
Ch. Gmelin (lat. L. ochraceus) is a species that lives in coniferous forests. Perennial plants with short rhizomes grow up to 50-150 cm, erect stems. The leaves are large, dissected into 3-5 pairs of elliptical leaflets. Fragrant flowers are grouped into inflorescences. The petals are yellow at the beginning of flowering and orange at the end. Flowering occurs in June, dark brown fruits ripen in August (low-yielding seeds). Plants grow slowly, bloom only for 4-5 years.
Ch. Forest (lat. L. sylvestris) is a perennial plant found throughout the European part of the Russian Federation and in the Caucasus. It grows up to 1-2 m in height, has a creeping, branched rhizome. The flowers are large, the petals are bright crimson, collected in inflorescences. Ch. Forest is considered a good honey plant; it begins to bloom in June.
C. spring "Rainbow" (L. vernus ‘Rainbow’)
Ch. Tangier (lat.L.tingitanus) is an annual plant from Southern Europe and North Africa with large, beautiful pink flowers. The leaves are small, narrow-lanceolate.
Spring (lat. L. vernus) is found throughout central Russia, shade-tolerant, not demanding on the composition of the soil, perennial. It often develops in the form of a shrub 25-35 cm high. Inflorescences are formed from 3-8 flowers of a bright two-color color (red, blue, purple, violet). Flowering starts in May.
Photogallery of species Growing
Location... Plants are shade-tolerant, but they grow and bloom better in well-lit areas, sheltered from the winds. With sudden changes in temperature at night, buds can drop.
Soil... Ranks are not picky about the composition of the land. It is better to choose fertile soils that are neutral in acidity. It is not necessary to fertilize the plants during planting, especially with nitrogen-containing compounds. Once a season (in the spring during the growth of the shoots), you can feed it with a liquid mineral composition.
Arch decoration
Care... Watering in hot and dry weather should be abundant; the plant tolerates short-term droughts well. Perennial frost-resistant species. The shoots of such plants die off for the winter (they are cut off at the root in late autumn), in the spring, young from the buds of renewal develop rapidly. If the rhizome is bare, sprinkle it with earth. In growing, the ranks of the plants are unpretentious.
Planting ranks near a fence used as a support
Reproduction
The seeds of the ranks are relatively large, covered with a hard shell. If the cover is not disturbed, they retain their germination capacity for up to 10 years. In order to germinate seeds, scarification is required. The seeds are soaked in very warm water overnight, having previously destroyed the shell with a sharp object. Swollen and hatched seeds can be sown immediately on a flower bed (in early April), or grown in peat pots. For which they are planted in a soil mixture consisting of earth (2 parts), peat (1 hour) and sand (0.5 hours). 2-3 pieces are sown in each pot. Germination is good, the first shoots appear in 5-8 days. Seedlings are pinched in the phase of 2-3 true leaves in order to form lateral shoots (for abundant flowering). The sprouts of the ranks are unpretentious, they grow quickly. They are planted on a flower bed in early May, the distance between the specimens is kept 25-30 cm.
Advice: the place for planting annual species of ranks needs to be changed, for two years in a row they do not grow on the same flower bed.
Sweet pea seedlings in peat pots
Vegetative propagation by dividing the rhizome (for perennial species) is also possible, but since the root system lies deep and is extremely sensitive to transplants, the method is difficult to implement and ineffective.
Decorative use
China is a great plant for vertical landscaping. If you provide supports (for tall species), it can be planted in group flower beds or arrange flowering hedges. The rank also looks beautiful in the design of arches and mesh fences. Often used to mask unsightly walls in outbuildings.
Sweet peas - chic fence design
By creating vertical screens of sweet peas, you can find tall plants with flowers in the same color scheme with him, for example, mallow is perfect for this. Plants with multi-flowered inflorescences look good in bouquets.
