Grow fish at home in pools

Many experts say that among the advantages of carp breeding are the survival of fish to the reservoir, undemanding nutrition and accelerated growth. Therefore, if there is an artificial reservoir or pool at the summer cottage, you must definitely take advantage of this. But for carp breeding at home, you should know some pitfalls and tricks so that you can get the desired result.

Characteristics and description of carps

This type of freshwater fish widespread and belongs to the genus carp. Its original homeland is Asia, but nowadays this fish is known almost all over the world. Carp has become famous due to the fact that it is quite in demand in the industrial field and it is profitable to breed it.

It is interesting! History knows such a case when English and German fishermen caught carp weighing 38-40 kg on a rod. But the Guinness Book presents a record holder who was caught weighing 41 kg and about 17 years old.

Domestic individuals, unlike wild carps, grow faster and easily take root in the territories of Russia and Ukraine. The most popular breeds in the field of aquaculture are considered to be framed and scaly Ukrainian carp. But for fish farmers from ancient times mirror carps are prized for breeding. Their length is 100 cm, the weight of adult specimens ranges from 35 to 120 kg. This type of fish can be caught only in the Asian open spaces, and in the CIS countries their weight does not exceed 50 kg.

It is interesting! Life expectancy is 50 years. They can lay about 800 eggs if the water temperature is not lower than 17 degrees.

Acquisition of fry

For carp breeding at home, it is advisable to buy fry from fish farms. To do this, you should find out all the necessary information about the farm, about how it has proven itself in the market and how long ago this organization was created. When buying fry, you need to require a license, inquire about the presence of diseases and possible epidemics that have recently occurred.

All these factors influence the success of the future business., because before purchasing, such nuances affect adaptation to a new place of residence, so you also need to look at the conditions for keeping fish. Most novice fish business entrepreneurs believe that if you buy unfertilized caviar and make a Weiss adaptation at home, you can easily raise young animals on your own.

This method of growing is quite effective, but there is one drawback - using this device is not so, it just seems at first glance, this requires experience and special knowledge, otherwise a high-quality underyearling will not work for wintering. If such a decision has been made, then you should prepare for the re-purchase of fry from the fish farm, which, in turn, will take time.

Important advice! Long-term fish farmers recommend purchasing underyearlings aged at least 1 year, which have encountered wintering.

Breeding carp at home

Before breeding carp at home, you need to properly equip the pool or pond. It is necessary to create comfortable conditions for fish.

Breeding carp in the pool

This option assumes a depth of at least 100 cm and a volume of at least 15 cubic meters. Carp - the fish takes root in different conditions, therefore, plastic, concrete, ceramics and wood can be used for the pool, forms can also be used of various types. The fish pool should be equipped with a special compressor, filters, drain system, aerators and sterilizers.

But despite the laborious choresMost fish farmers prefer to raise carp in the pool.In this case, it is possible to regulate the temperature and water circulation, and this significantly affects the life of the fish. The pool is effective in that it is easy to set the desired oxygen level in it.

Silo basins appeared not so long ago and have already begun to gain popularity. The design principle is as follows: water is supplied from below and, overflowing around the circumference, fills the container to the desired level. There is also a drawback, the size of this pool is quite small, which is very disadvantageous. Carp should be launched into the pool when microflora has formed. As the fish grows, it is recommended to periodically drain and refill with new water.

Need to know! April and March are the best times to start fry.

Breeding burls in a pond

If the country house already has an old reservoir, it is enough to clean it and provide the pond with plant food. But such reservoirs are not always available, in this case, for carp breeding, it should be created artificially. Preparation will not take more than 1 year... The parameters of the pond according to the technology are as follows: the depth is on average 150 cm, and the area is not less than 300 * 300 cm. Trees and grass are necessarily planted near the shore - this will ensure the consolidation of the edges of the reservoir. At the end, special algae and the rest of the vegetation are planted for food.

Some fish farmers advise to compact the bottom, and this is done with concrete and sand. A rubber film is laid on top of the frozen solution, then water is poured and zooplankton is diluted, and then the artificial nature of the reservoir is created. Carps prefer warm water, so filling with cold water is strongly discouraged.

After the whole process, the water in the pond should be infused up to a temperature of 25 degrees on average. To make microflora in an accelerated mode, it is enough to take a couple of dozen buckets of water from a wild reservoir and add it to an artificial pond. It is not advisable to build a container in the lowlands, as well as near roads.

Need to know! Do not allow waterfowl to settle on the pond, they can infect.

Feeding carp

After 9 months of carp breeding, an individual of 500 grams can grow from small caviar if the fish is given a complete and balanced diet. For fry, such animals are suitable as food: molluscs, insect larvae, ciliates, worms and small crustaceans. According to the technology, carp are bred in a semi-intensive and intensive way:

1. Semi-intensive method... This method uses agrotechnical and zoological feed, for example: oats, corn and wheat. 1500 kg of fish are obtained per unit area. In the summer season, a large amount of protein will be required, for these purposes compound feed is suitable, because this is what experts advise.
2. Intensive method... Carps feed mainly on vegetation and zooplankton. This method has the advantages of not requiring high expenditures for feeding, but there is also a disadvantage, on average 450 kg of fish per unit area. But the food mainly consists of compound feed with a protein content of 40%. If, with this method, you organize a reservoir over a large area, then there will be a risk of an epidemic that can kill all the fish.

It is not recommended to feed fish with a large surplus, the leftover feed will only pollute the water. One individual has food for 3% of the weight of the fish itself... Meals are provided 2 times a day.

Carp behavior in winter

During the winter season, carps eat less and hibernate. If the artificial reservoir is small, then the carp may die; it winters well in natural ponds. The problem is the lack of oxygen in the water.

The problem can be solved! It is enough to purchase the equipment. It is necessary to install an aeration device in the reservoir, which will maintain the temperature within 0 degrees. There is also a second option, carp should be moved to a huge room container.

After the first snow melt, it is allowed to move the fish back into the reservoir, but on the condition that the water in it has warmed up sufficiently.

It's important to know! Carps throw fish in shallow water for several days, then they begin to feed intensively, gaining strength. Fish at the age of three can get rubella, the disease should be prevented in a timely manner. For high profits, it is recommended to buy a set of equipment:

• pump;
• cage nets;
• barrels;
• incubator for growing caviar;
• filters for cleaning;
• reed mower;
• measuring device;
• sterilizers for ultrafiltration, as well as ozonizers;
• oxygen generator;
• closed type water supply with a return outlet;
• auto feeder;
• backlight.

This equipment will significantly simplify the task and bring high profits to the fish farmer..

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• How much money does it take to start a swimming pool carp business
• Room selection
• Technology for growing carp in swimming pools
• Sales of products
• How much can you earn
• What OKVED to indicate when registering a business
• What documents are needed to open
• What taxation system to choose for business registration
• Do I need permission to open

Despite the fact that growing carp in swimming pools is less profitable than in open water, this method of breeding a mustache has a right to exist. This is explained primarily by a number of advantages of this method of carp breeding. Firstly, it is a high controllability of the fish growing process - it is possible to control the flow rate, temperature, and hydrochemical regime. Secondly, the fish can be grown year-round if the pools are placed in a heated room. This is especially true for the northern regions, where weather conditions and a harsh climate make it impossible to breed carp in open water bodies.

How much money does it take to start a swimming pool carp business

Investment in a swimming pool carp business can run into tens of thousands of dollars. The fixed costs of keeping fish are also high. The fact is that the water supply of the pools is done mechanically, that is, with the help of pumps. Hence, investments are required in the purchase of a pumping station (10-15 thousand dollars). Electric pumps - hence the constant costs of electricity. In addition, the water in the pools must be constantly cleaned - here's the cost of filtration and the construction of treatment facilities ($ 20,000).

Room selection

The required area of ​​the premises depends on the planned volume of production and the availability of funds for the arrangement of the farm. As a guide, about 5 tons of carp can be grown on 25m2. In the conditions of private household plots, fish farmers manage to place pools even in sheds and basements. The requirements for the room are as follows: the presence of heating, electricity - 220 V and ventilation.

Technology for growing carp in swimming pools

Carp are grown in rectangular pools with an area of ​​15 to 200 thousand / m3. The water depth in the pools must be at least 1 m. The pools themselves can be made of different materials: wood, metal, fiberglass, plastic, concrete. The cheapest option is plastic pools, which are also the most common in small farms. The shape can also be different: round, square and rectangular.

In addition to the pools themselves, creating conditions for fish farming requires the purchase of the following equipment: taps, aeration systems, compressors, aerators, filter stations, UV sterilizers. The estimated cost of the entire set of equipment, including pools for growing 2.5 tons of marketable fish per year, is 700 - 1000 thousand rubles.

The stocking rate of juveniles weighing 50 grams is 300 ind./m3 with the release of live specimens - 90%. Carp fry are obtained from fishing breeding farms. A kilogram of fry costs from 80 rubles. It is better to buy from well-known and reliable companies.For example, "Karmanovsky fish farm" in Ufa, "Golubaya Niva" and JSC "Reftinsky fish farm" in Sverdlovsk, fish farm "Polesie" from the Republic of Belarus and others.

Carp are fed with granulated compound feed. With a full-fledged balanced feeding in 9 months, carp weighing 0.5-0.6 kg can be grown from an egg. The average cost is about 50 rubles per 1 kilogram of growth.

Sales of products

The most difficult thing in business is to find where and to whom to sell fish. Competition in the market is very serious, it is practically impossible to get into the network. Carp is sold when it reaches a weight of 1.0 - 2.5 kilograms (it gains such weight in 1.5 - 2 years). Main distribution channels: fishing shops, fish shops, food and chain markets. Carp can be taken both chilled and live. In the first case, the wholesale price starts from 160 rubles / kg, in the second it is somewhat cheaper - from 90 rubles / kg.

Experienced business fish breeders say that the pools can be used with greater benefit if they breed decorative fish (carp-koi), and even better - clarion catfish, in them. Catfish outperform carp in many respects, including: content with a higher stock (in Poland and Holland they receive more than 500 kg / m3), catfish absorbs atmospheric air, catfish itself is not cheap fish with excellent taste (especially smoked). Moreover, catfish has an increased growth rate and is resistant to many diseases.

A step-by-step plan to discover where to start

To start the implementation of a carp farming business in pools, you should create a clear business plan, which takes into account the following factors:

• The choice of the location and size of the pool, taking into account the required conditions for the maintenance and breeding of the selected carp species.
• Calculation of the required costs and the estimated profit.
• Obtaining the necessary documents and permits.
• Pool arrangement, installation of filters, lighting and other accessories.
• Purchase of fry, feed and raw materials for breeding.
• Adjustment of work with suppliers and sales market.

How much can you earn

Initially, the costs should be calculated. The fry will cost - 10-12 thousand rubles, salary costs - 30 thousand, feed - 8 thousand and about 20 thousand more for other expenses. In total, it turns out about 70 thousand rubles. Added to this are the costs of renting or purchasing the pool.

The profit of such a business depends on many factors and, with the cost estimates indicated above, is about 100 thousand rubles per month. As a result, we have a net profit of 30 thousand rubles excluding the rental of the pool. The payback period is one of the disadvantages of such a business, and is more than one year.

What OKVED to indicate when registering a business

For such a business, an indication is mandatory: OKVED 2.03. Fishing and fish farming.

What documents are needed to open

To start a carp farming business in pools, you must register as an individual entrepreneur or LLC, it all depends on the volume of production.

What taxation system to choose for business registration

It is best to choose a single imputed income tax or a simplified taxation scheme for your business.

Do I need permission to open

To open a carp breeding business, you will need a permit for breeding and catching fish from local governments and the State Committee for Water Resources. It is desirable to carry out an environmental impact assessment and obtain the appropriate permission from the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the sanitary-epidemiological station.

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Related business ideas:

Today everyone knows about the beneficial properties of fish as a gastronomic product. No meat can replace the totality of nutrients that it contains. Due to these properties, fish is always in demand among buyers and owners of catering establishments.That is why cultivation of different types of fish at home deserves attention. Each of them has its own peculiarities of living. Some fish can live and breed in pools and aquariums, while others only need a pond for rent. Before starting fish farming at home, you need to decide on the type of fish, the breeding of which is most acceptable.

• Fish farming technology in the pool
• Cage fish farming business
• A step-by-step plan for starting a business
• What equipment to choose for a fish farm
• How much can you earn from growing and selling fish
• How much money is needed to start a business
• What OKVED to indicate when registering production
• What documents are needed to open a case
• Which tax system to choose for work
• Do I need permits for the construction of a reservoir and fish farming

To equip artificial ponds, you will need a fairly large piece of land. Sometimes renting a reservoir is more acceptable than building. It should be noted that the lease of natural resources is always formalized through a competition announced by local authorities. How to build ponds and whether it is possible to save space to make the business the most profitable, we will tell you in our next article. Today we will talk in more detail about pools and the use of such a device as cages.

Fish farming technology in the pool

One of the popular ways is to breed fish at home in the pool. The containers can be of different geometric shapes and are made of wood, metal, plastic, fiberglass and concrete. The pool can be installed outdoors or in a utility room. The peculiarity of the technology lies in the dense population of fish in the tank and complete feeding with balanced feed. The advantages of breeding freshwater at home in special tanks include the ability to control the temperature and hydrochemical regime. Such a business will operate all year round, without interruption during the winter months.

Business has another advantage - complete automation of most of the processes. However, this aspect can also negatively affect the final profit, since automation requires high energy costs. Filtration and water heating processes are mandatory for the farm at home. This significantly increases the cost of production compared to the pond breeding option. Experts recommend growing expensive commercial varieties in the pools.

A small-sized compact module "Sturgeon" can be cited as an example, which is suitable for the purposes of fish farming at home. It is possible to grow any commercial fish in it: trout, catfish, carp, sturgeon. Its installation will require an area of ​​25 sq. M. It is usually mounted in a garage, shed or greenhouse. The manufacturer supplies with the equipment detailed instructions for keeping, feeding and caring for the fish. In a pool of such an area at home, you can establish cultivation (per year):

• 5 tons of carp;
• 2 tons of sturgeon;
• 12 tons of catfish;
• 3 tons of trout.

The numbers, you see, are impressive. If we multiply them by the market price of these types of fish, then the entrepreneur's income will have significant indicators. The cost of one pool is about 5 thousand dollars. Rent of such containers is usually not provided. In addition to the equipment itself, it is necessary to purchase fry, this is another cost item, feed, and take into account the consumed electricity in the cost price.

Cage fish farming business

Another way is to grow fish using cages. The whole procedure takes place on a river or reservoir, therefore, it can be very conditionally called a breeding method at home. For the smooth running of business, a lease of a reservoir is issued. In Russia, all natural resources are owned by the state. However, a long-term rental of the pond is quite possible. Cages are used for heat-loving fish: crucian carp, carp, carp. They represent a net that hangs freely deep into the reservoir, by analogy with fishing equipment.Cages are made of latex or nylon in the form of a mesh, with a cell from 6.5 mm to 10 mm. A wooden frame is installed on the surface of the water. Fry is planted in such cages. After that, the main business of the farmer is to feed the fish. There may be two options: to provide additional food to fish from the surface and to attract river invertebrates to the cages.

The positive side of this method is that the fish is grown in conditions close to natural, and the investment required to start a business is minimal. It will only be necessary to rent a specially equipped reservoir for fish farming, a cage and a minimum of equipment. This business also has disadvantages. Firstly, it is a lot of labor, and secondly, it is impossible to control the microclimate in a natural reservoir. The slightest fluctuations in temperature and all livestock placed in cages can be lost. This method has not been as widespread among farmers as growing fish in artificial ponds or pools.

We will talk in more detail about the cultivation of trout, carp and sturgeon fish in our next materials. Equipment must be selected depending on the technology. Growing various commercial fish as a business has its own strengths and weaknesses. The entrepreneur will be able to choose the one that is most comparable to his capabilities, knowledge and desire to build a thriving business.

A step-by-step plan for starting a business

To start breeding fish on a scale that will allow you to sell it at a good profit, you need to decide on some of the features of this business.

1. What kind of fish when artificially grown will give the greatest profit in a given region.
2. How the fish farm will be organized: artificial / natural reservoir, pool, breeding conditions.
3. Providing a high-quality feed base.
4. Production equipment.
5. Sales of products.

What equipment to choose for a fish farm

Breeding fish in pools is the preferred method if it is impossible to arrange an artificial reservoir in natural landscapes. This requires a "bowl" of the water basin, provided with a filtration system and pumps. And mechanisms that distribute special feed for the fish stock. The organization of a fish farm in dams, rates of natural or artificial origin also has its own characteristics. Natural pond - it is imperative to clean it before starting the fry in order to avoid its mass death.

How much can you earn from growing and selling fish

For example, if you grow trout by the pool method, you can earn almost two million rubles a year. Provided the farm productivity is at least 10 tons of trout per year. It will take 2.5 years to grow the first batch for sale. But fish can be sold at a weight of 300 grams, which is possible in a year and a half. A sturgeon farm for the year will also provide a profitability of up to one and a half million rubles with a production of at least 5 tons per year.

How much money is needed to start a business

If the plans are to organize a sturgeon farm, then the initial capital will need about 1.3-1.5 million rubles. Starting investments for growing trout need from 200 thousand. It all depends on the price of fry and on the type of fish that are incubated in different seasons.

What OKVED to indicate when registering production

To register a fish farm with the tax authorities, you need an activity code 03.2, which is responsible for fish farming.

What documents are needed to open a case

Doing business is possible in the form of individual entrepreneurship or as a limited liability company. To register an individual entrepreneur, you will need: a civil passport, an application for state registration, a receipt confirming the payment of the fee, a scanned copy of the TIN certificate.To register an LLC, you will need: also an application, two copies of the charter and a Decision on the basis of an undertaking, if the founder is a single person. Minutes of fees for shareholders and an agreement on the establishment of a company (if there are several founders). Then, a document confirming the payment of the state duty. It is also possible to register a farming form of management, i.e. KFH, which is registered by analogy with LLC.

Which tax system to choose for work

Taking into account the legal form of registration of a fish farm, the system for collecting taxes can be general, simplified, or, as in the case of a farm, the payment of a single agricultural tax on peasant farms.

Do I need permits for the construction of a reservoir and fish farming

When organizing a fish farm, some bureaucratic difficulties associated with regional characteristics are possible. A permit to rent a reservoir must be obtained from the regional authorities. This requires a large documentation package. Stocking of a reservoir requires a special veterinary permit, the exploitation of a leased land plot obliges to adhere to environmental safety standards and more.

It is not legally prohibited to breed fish in reservoirs and rates located on the territory of private lands. Therefore, it is much more efficient and easier to build a pond, install a closed water supply system for fish farming or fill a quarry with water. Because this does not require permission from regional structures and other bureaucracy. But you will definitely need a veterinary certificate for the sale of fish (epidemiological conclusion and invoices for fishery products).

In the modern world, everything around is developing at a rapid pace. The creation of aquaculture for business is an important industry. Fish farming in artificially created reservoirs is the most intensive way. Read about it in this article.

How is fish bred?

Every person who decides to try his hand at this area should familiarize himself with the main methods of fish farming. There are three most popular ways to grow aquatic inhabitants:

• In the pond. The least risky way, implying almost complete absence of any expenses. You can use both a natural reservoir, of which there are many in our country, and create your own, convenient and functional.

• The cage method involves the use of natural water areas. However, care must be taken to provide a floating cage full of fry. If you place it where the environment is warm, then individuals will grow all year round.
• Growing fish in pools allows you to completely regulate the breeding process. In addition, a person has the right to independently choose the materials, shape, location of such a structure.

How is fish raised using pools?

Each manufacturer tries to quickly create new products. Since there are a large number of ways to grow fish in artificial reservoirs, it is necessary to understand what they are. So, both fry and adults are bred in two ways:

• In recycling water supply systems, abbreviated as SOV.
• In closed water supply installations, or RAS.

It doesn't matter which one is used to develop aquaculture as a fishing industry. A necessary component of any of the two systems is the pool, which will be discussed in this article.

What it is?

Artificial fish pools are used for business. They have both disadvantages and advantages. For example, their positive qualities include such opportunities as complete automation of any processes, freedom to choose the place where the system will be located.In addition, you can create the most convenient structure and use it in the most effective way, namely, to occupy the entire water space, eliminate unnecessary waste and create good conditions for the inhabitants of the aquatic environment.

However, there are several disadvantages that can make fish farming more costly as a business. Before equipping the pool, it is necessary to install a pumping station next to it. Still, these structures are cut off from natural reservoirs. You also need to take care of treatment facilities, because the water will not carry out all the dirt from the pool with its flow.

Thus, raising fish in pools requires upfront costs. All this makes the cost of finished products more expensive. As a rule, fish grown in such structures costs one and a half times more - this is evidenced by statistics.

What kind of fish is raised in the pools?

Because it is not always costly to raise fish in pools, not all aquatic species are raised in such systems. As a rule, such structures are used for growing sturgeon and salmonids, since these species are expensive.

In order for the number of individuals not to decrease, it is important to correctly calculate the density of their placement. It is necessary to do everything so that the productivity of fish, regardless of how quickly the water exchange is going on, is at least twenty kilograms from one cubic or square meter.

What should the pool be made of?

Growing fish as a business depends on many factors. In particular, the material from which the pool is made is the fundamental principle of successful activity. So, the strength of the structure, its features and characteristics are determined precisely by the material.

The most popular are metal and plastic. Having chosen the first in order to create good equipment for fish farming, you need to be prepared for the fact that a number of difficulties arise:

• First, it's expensive. The costs will be not only for the purchase of material, but also for the repair of the pool.
• Secondly, it is necessary to carry out frequent repairs of the structure in order to prevent it.
• Thirdly, changing the configuration of the pool is very difficult and costly.

All the negative aspects of using metal as a material for creating pools make plastic a very popular material.

What should be the shape?

Plastic is a material that allows you to implement a project of any shape. So, many people use round, rectangular, oval, square, hexagonal pools. It is important to choose a design of the correct shape, because a lot depends on this, for example:

• Pool cleaning.
• The state of the aquatic environment.
• Density of fish placement.

What should be the surface?

What qualities the surface of the pool has, affects the life of the fish within it. The rough walls of the structure are a refuge for many harmful bacteria and microorganisms. At the same time, the smooth surface is easily cleaned not only with plain water, but also with chemicals. The fact is that this material is not subject to destruction as a result of reactions. This is another reason why raising fish in pools remains one of the most popular ways.

What should be the strength?

In order for the operation of the pool to be safe, it is necessary to make its structure as strong as possible. This parameter can be calculated taking into account all the factors that can affect the strength.

So, fiberglass pools are least of all susceptible to various damages. They are reinforced with additional ribs, which make them rigid, built-in frame elements. Their presence depends on the volume of fish farming in them.