Can Japanese quince be grown at home?

Japanese quince is one of the most beautiful ornamental plants. When blooming, it is covered with bright red-orange flowers. After they fall off, fruits are formed. Japanese quince, which can be cultivated and taken care of by anyone, can bring a good income. We will talk about how to make money from this in this article.

Description of the plant

Japanese quince fruits ripen at the end of October. They have a pleasant aroma and golden yellow color. The wax coating allows these products to be stored for a long time. Quince contains a lot of vitamin C, so it is in great demand. With long-term storage, this fruit acquires the best taste. If you decide to start growing Japanese quince, you should be aware that it can also be used for the manufacture of various medicinal preparations.

Growing features

This is an unpretentious plant, therefore, the cultivation and care of Japanese quince is within the power of even inexperienced gardeners. Since it is a perennial plant, you need to carefully choose where to plant it. It is desirable that it be protected from the winds, but at the same time, do not grow quince in the lowlands. The area must be dry and well lit. In addition, fertile soil should be chosen for this plant. Up to 3 buckets of rotted manure can be put in one planting pit. In addition, experienced gardeners add mineral fertilizers. If the acidity of the soil is increased, it is necessary to add a deoxidizer.

Before you start this business, watch a video of growing Japanese quince. Such training lessons can be found on the Internet without any problems. When planting, special attention should be paid to the root collar. It cannot be buried. After planting, the plant must be well watered and mulched with humus.

After planting, the first fruits will appear in 2-3 years. If you want to grow Japanese quince from seeds, you will have to spend a lot more time on it. While the seedlings are growing, you can start growing garden and remontant strawberries, the business of which brings a good income.

Plant care

In order to ensure proper care and growing of quince, it is necessary to organize regular watering. After the fruits are formed, watering is stopped. In addition, you need to carry out weeding, feeding and bush formation. Most productive annual or biennial shoots. They are left to bear fruit after pruning. This procedure is performed in early spring or late autumn, before the buds swell.

This plant tolerates winter well, but, despite this, experienced farmers are advised to wrap tree trunks with roofing material in order to maintain their vitality.

Reproduction

Experienced gardeners use the cultivation of quince from seeds, cuttings, cuttings, roots or through grafting. The offspring are mainly used for these purposes. To do this, in the spring, the lower branches are pressed to the ground so that they take root. The next year, they can be planted as an independent plant.

A very interesting option is to grow Japanese quince at home from seeds.They are laid in the ground to a depth of 4 cm. Such seedlings do not lose their maternal properties, therefore, they are quite suitable for breeding. The fastest propagation is perhaps by grafting or grafting.

Pests

Quince is resistant to various diseases and pests. But, despite this, the ovary can die from the fungus. It can multiply in infected branches or last year's dried fruit. First, small brown spots appear on the sheets, after which they cover the entire surface. During flowering, spores can get on the young ovary. Among the pests, the most dangerous is the leaf-dominating moth. Its caterpillars destroy the leaves of any fruit crops.

To preserve the harvest, you should destroy all dry, broken branches. Before flowering, quince is sprayed with a solution of foundationazol and diprex. This protects the plant from leaf-dominating moths and ovary decay. After flowering, spraying must be repeated.

How to earn?

Since this plant can be used not only for food, but also for decorative and medical purposes, the business of growing quince can bring a good profit. And if you organize the cultivation and care of blackberries in parallel, you can get a good additional income and forget about financial difficulties forever.

Quince is a fast-growing crop that begins to bear fruit 2-3 years after planting annual seedlings. Its yield reaches 10 kg of fruits from one small tree. Some varieties begin to bear fruit in the fourth year. Basically, the yield depends on the completeness of fruitfulness, the characteristics of the variety and the level of agricultural technology.

The early varieties ripen in August, and the later ones in October. They reach technical maturity in 1–1.5 months, that is, they acquire their characteristic aroma and taste. Fruits can be stored for 20–120 days. But for this, the room needs to maintain the necessary humidity and temperature.

If you decide to start growing quince at home for sale, you need to decide in advance on the distribution channels. Such products can be sold in bulk to shops, supermarkets, as well as resellers in the markets. In addition, you can offer quince to pharmaceutical companies that use it for the manufacture of various medicines. Small seedlings of this plant are gladly purchased by companies offering landscape design services.

If you can negotiate with buyers, you can sell the entire crop in bulk and get good money for it. Growing raspberries as a business also brings a good income. If you engage in such activities in parallel, you can significantly increase your profits.

Costs

Quince is a long-lasting plant. It bears fruit for 30-50 years. Therefore, such a business is highly profitable. One fruit weighs 50-500 g. If you provide good conditions, the quince will yield a good harvest every year. It is enough to invest money once in order to receive a stable income for several decades in a row. The main expenses are the purchase of seedlings, watering and fertilization.

In the future, the planting material can be grown independently, which will significantly reduce costs. If you plan to plant quince on a large plot, you will have to hire workers to care for the trees and harvest the crops. They need to be paid a monthly salary. In addition, you need to purchase the equipment that you need to loosen the soil and transport the finished product. It is not cheap, so in this case the costs will be much higher.

To get a good income, it is advisable to engage in a diversified farming, that is, to grow different crops. For example, you can additionally organize the cultivation of ginger as a business or choose some other line of business.

conclusions

Growing fruit bushes and trees is a rather profitable business that has a long-term perspective. As a rule, the crop harvested in one year fully covers all costs.Try, and you will definitely succeed.

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You must buy at least one ripe fruit. It contains many seeds, from which gardeners grow the plant. When to plant quince seeds? Better to do this in late autumn. It is allowed even after the first snow falls, then in the spring you will notice friendly shoots. If the seeds are planted in the spring, then they will not sprout immediately, but somewhere after 3 months. Therefore, autumn sowing is preferable.

Quince is undemanding to soil, but very responsive to organic fertilizers.

Used for feeding the bush and mineral. For planting in acidic soils, you must first add a deoxidizer.

The plant easily tolerates both drought and moisture. But spring frosts can kill the buds, and you will be left without a crop.

Plant seeds must undergo stratification: they are placed in a humid environment at a low temperature. After the emergence of seedlings, they are transplanted into the substrate. At home, sand is used for stratification in combination with peat chips (ratio 1.5 to 1). You can also use just sand.

A layer of sand is poured into the bottom of an ordinary pot. Then the seeds are laid out, evenly distributed over this layer. From above they are again covered with sand. The contents of the pot are well watered and placed in a plastic bag. Store the container in a cool place. A cellar or refrigerator will do, the main thing is to monitor the temperature.

It should vary between 0 and +5 degrees.

In this state, the seeds are kept until seedlings appear (about 3 months). At the same time, they are checked every two weeks and the moisture content of the sand is monitored.

Of course, a plant made from cuttings will bear fruit faster. Quince from seeds will not begin to bear fruit right away, you will have to wait until a shrub is formed. However, in taste, it will be in no way inferior to its cuttings counterparts.

Try growing your own quince as it is a great alternative to lemons. You can cook delicious compotes, jams from it and enjoy yourself all year round.

Three easy ways to breed quince

Growing quince, over time you think about its reproduction. And this can be done in more than one way, everyone can choose the most convenient one for themselves.

Quince is propagated by seeds, cuttings, layering, grafting and offspring. Let's dwell on each in more detail.

Reproduction of quince seeds - the easiest way

After collecting the fruits of the quince, within a month, select brown seeds, rinse in warm water, dry at room temperature, spreading out in one layer so that the seeds do not become moldy. Germination is maintained for six months.

Quince seeds are sown in spring or autumn (before winter), having carried out a mandatory stage of stratification for 2-3 months, and therefore autumn sowing is more convenient and practical. To do this, in the fall (October), plant the seeds immediately in open ground at the rate of about 100 seeds per 1 meter of furrow to a depth of 2-3 cm and mulch with peat or humus. The distance between the rows is 20-25 cm. In the spring, 2 thinning is carried out, so that the distance between the plants is first 10 cm, then 15-20 cm.

For sowing in spring, seeds are laid for stratification in December or February. If in December, then sowing is carried out in peat-humus pots. If in February, then sowing is carried out immediately to the garden in open ground in April. For reproduction of quince seeds, the seed must be of high quality, large. Before laying for stratification, the seeds are soaked in water for 5-6 hours, after which they are mixed with coarse washed river sand at a rate of 1: 3. Moisten and place in a cold place (refrigerator) for 2-3 months, regularly moisturizing and stirring. Seed germination 50%.

After stratification of quince seeds at home, select the sprouted ones and plant 2-3 pieces in pots to a depth of 2-4 cm. Moisten, and with the onset of warm weather, start hardening, 2-3 weeks before planting in open ground.Before planting quince seeds, the site is dug onto a shovel bayonet and moistened. Pots with seedlings, if they were (peat), are planted at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other, moistened and mulched. When 2 true leaves appear, thinning is carried out, and after another 3 weeks, the next thinning. In autumn, the rooted seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place, their height by this time reaches 40 cm. Weak seedlings are not dug out, but left for one more season.

Propagation of quince by root suckers

Root offspring are the very shoots that the tree gives. High-quality shoots are considered to be 12-15 cm long and 0.5-1 cm thick. In the spring, separating the shoots from the mother bush, plant them vertically at a distance of 1 m from each other. Water and mulch the near-trunk circle with chips or humus. Quince grown in this way can produce smaller fruits, and the root system is less developed.

Reproduction of quince by layering

This is also not a difficult way to reproduce quince. In the fall, cut the lowest young shoots that are less than 2 years old, bend them to the ground, lay them in grooves 5-8 cm deep, fix them with staples and cover them with soil. In the spring, roots will appear, and in the fall, already rooted seedlings can be separated from the mother bush and transplanted to a permanent place at a distance of 1.5 m from each other. Water well.

Propagation of quince by cuttings

The advantage of the vegetative propagation method is the preservation of varietal characteristics. In this case, reproduction occurs through green cuttings, which are cut in June in the morning, when the hot weather has not yet arrived. It is necessary to cut it so that on each cutting there are 1-2 internodes and a heel up to 1 cm long. The lower cut is treated with the growth stimulator "Kornevin" and planted at an angle in sand mixed with peat (3: 1) according to the 5x7 cm scheme. rooting ranges from 30-40 days at a temperature of 20-25 ° C. The rooting rate is small, up to 50%. After that, the cuttings of quince can be transplanted to a permanent place.

You can propagate quince and woody cuttings, which are best rooted in a greenhouse. To do this, choose the strongest and healthiest from the lower shoots, cut the cuttings about 25 cm long, so that the lower cut is close to the bud, planted in a mixture of peat and sand also at an angle. The bud is covered by 1-2 cm, when rooting begins (after about 3 weeks), the substrate is leveled, watered and mulched with sawdust or peat. It will be possible to transplant young quince seedlings after a year, and fruiting occurs in the 3-4th year.

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Japanese quince is a beautiful ornamental shrub that attracts a lot of attention from early spring to autumn. Gardeners love it for its presentable appearance and useful properties of the fruit, so every year more and more summer residents are trying to grow this overseas guest on their plots and in gardens.

Content:

1. Japanese quince, description of the plant and photo
2. Chaenomelis varieties
3. Reproduction of Japanese quince cuttings and seeds, dividing the bush, branches
4. Care features
5. Japanese quince fruits - what to do with them, what goodies to cook
6. Useful properties of Japanese quince, use in traditional medicine

Brief description of Japanese quince

Quince is a plant belonging to the Rosaceae family. Japan is considered its homeland, and in its natural habitat in the wild, it is found in Korea, China and parts of Japan.

Distributed along the banks of rivers, lakes, in glades and on mountain slopes, forms dense thickets. It is a spectacular shrub about 3 m in height with dark glossy foliage, with sharp thorns on the branches.

The flowers are large, up to 3 cm in diameter, are collected in a brush and single, red, pink, orange and white. The shrub blooms for a long time, almost 2 months, after which the fruits of a yellow hue are formed, similar to apples or pears with a diameter of 3-4 cm.

The weight of such a fruit is 30-120 grams, depending on the variety. The pulp is very dense, not juicy, slightly sweetish, knits. Flowering occurs in May - June, and fruiting occurs in September for plants 3-4 years of age.

On top of each fruit there is a small wax coating that protects them from damage. In the photo, the Japanese quince looks no less impressive than in reality.

Japanese quince varieties

There are a lot of chanomelis varieties obtained by breeders, more than 500, but the following are the most common and cold-resistant, suitable for our climate.

Vitamin

The variety has a high cold resistance, not spreading, there are almost no sharp thorns on the branches. Fruits are yellow, juicy with soft pulp.

Fragrant

The shrub of this variety is undersized, about 120 cm high, resistant to frost. The flowers are salmon-colored, and the fruits are small, 50-60 grams, in the shape of a pear, have a pleasant sweet aroma.

Autumn (large-fruited)

A low shrub, resistant to frost, most diseases and pests. Fruits 60-70 gr., Yellowish - greenish.

Cameo

The variety is frost-resistant, the flowers are very decorative: double with a coral and pink tint.

Nika

The fruit shrub has large false apples weighing up to 80 - 100 grams, has a delicate sweet aroma, is well preserved and is resistant to diseases and pests.

Nikolay

An easy-to-care variety that gives a stable annual yield. Fruits are small, 40-45 gr.

Reproduction of Japanese quince cuttings, seeds, layering

Reproduction of the Japanese beauty quince can be done in several ways.

Seeds

The seeds from ripe fruits are planted in prepared containers with soil at the very beginning of spring. The containers are covered and placed in a warm place. The first shoots should appear in 35 - 45 days. From this moment, the shelter is removed, the young plants dive into separate pots.

Seedlings are transplanted to a permanent place at the end of spring. Plants 1 and 2 years old are carefully covered for the winter.

The disadvantages of this method of reproduction is the absence of varietal characteristics, seedlings are more often used as a stock.

Cuttings

For cuttings, strong healthy lateral shoots with 1 - 2 internodes are taken. The best time for harvesting cuttings is considered to be the beginning of summer in the morning or evening cool hours.

Cuttings for rapid germination are kept in a solution with root or other preparation. Cuttings are planted indoors (greenhouses) in soil consisting of peat and coarse sand (1: 3). Under favorable conditions, rooting takes 40 days.

In the autumn, a mature stalk can be planted in open ground in a permanent habitat.

Dividing the bush

This method is less labor-intensive, but also the most effective. In the spring season, up to 5 - 6 young plants can be obtained from 1 adult bush.

Shoots with a thickness of at least 0.5 cm and a length of 12-15 cm with good roots are selected from the formed root shoot.

Layers

Long bends that lie on the ground can give good roots, this property is used by gardeners. In the spring, the soil around the shrub is watered and well loosened. Young, suitable shoots are pinned to the soil.

In the summer, it is necessary to take care of a young shoot: water, huddle, and by autumn the first roots appear on it, after which the cuttings are cut off from the mother bush and transplanted to a permanent growing place.

Care features

Young, healthy seedlings are used for planting chaenomelis. Closed-root plants are ready for planting in both spring and fall. Closer to the summer season, you should not shop for bushes with blossoming flowers and foliage.

Before planting, a plant with an open root system is carefully examined: the roots must be alive, elastic, without visible damage.

Well-lit areas are ideal for planting, because even the smallest darkening reduces the yield and the number of flowers on the bush.

When growing chaenomelis, some care rules should be followed.

Soil preparation

The land for the Japanese beauty must have good drainage.Ideal soils: sod - podzolic and slightly acidic loams. Peat and alkaline soils are not suitable for cultivation.

The landing hole is prepared in advance, if the landing is scheduled for spring, then from autumn, and vice versa. All weeds hit and make sure that the surface of the site is free of them. The optimal pit size is considered to be 50 cm in diameter by 50 in depth.

The excavated soil from the hole is mixed with leafy soil and sand, peat and rotted manure are added. Of the mineral fertilizers, potash and phosphorus fertilizers are used (40 g per 1 m2). The mixture is nutritious and loose.

Bushes are planted at the very beginning of spring, after the snow melts, or during the fall of leaves.

When planting, observe the distance, it must be at least 50 cm.

It is advisable to plant several plants at once. Cross-pollination significantly increases the number of flowers and ovaries on the bush.

The root collar must not be buried; it must be at the same level with the ground.
The plant does not like transplants, they will not be required for a properly planted plant.

Soil loosening

Loosening is especially important for young plants.

It is necessary to weed the trunk circle and loosen the soil in it as needed.

Mulching

A great way to retain moisture in the soil. As mulch, sawdust, peat, fallen leaves are used.

It is laid out on the ground in May around a bush with a layer thickness of 5 cm. And in the fall - after a steady cooling.

Top dressing

In the first few years it is not required, there are enough substances in the pit and mulch. After 3 - 4 years, in the spring, organic and mineral fertilizers are laid out on the surface of the trunk ring.

Preparing for the winter season

To protect against cold and frost, the bushes are covered with spruce branches or dry fallen leaves. You can buy spunbond or lutrasil for this purpose in specialized stores. Small bushes can be covered with cardboard boxes.

Bush formation and pruning

Chaenomelis tolerates pruning well and can be given any desired shape if necessary. When working, do not forget about thick gloves so as not to injure your hands on sharp thorns.

In the spring, sanitary pruning is done: dried, broken branches are removed.

Plants from 5 years of age can be cut to shape:

• Shrubs are cut to maintain a beautiful appearance annually, removing all branches thickening the crown.
• The most essential shoots are located in the center and grow horizontally.
• Shoots that are upright and lying on the ground are cut off.
• After reaching 8 years, the bush is rejuvenated: all branches older than 4 - 5 years are cut off and the thinnest shoots are removed.

Protection from pests and diseases

Pests on chaenomelis do not often settle, but if this happens, chemical treatment before the first buds break open easily copes with their destruction.

The main thing is prevention, that is, timely pruning, removal of dry branches and bark. Sometimes signs of fungal diseases appear on the crown. They are caused by low temperatures and high humidity.

This problem is fought with soap spraying with the addition of copper sulphate, or by folk methods (decoction of onion peel).

Japanese quince combines beautifully with spring flowering shrubs, evergreens and herbaceous plants, giving a special accent to any garden or plot. Chaenomelis is quite undemanding to the composition of the soil and watering, but reacts to the slightest darkening by reducing yields and slowing growth.

Japanese quince fruits, what to do with them, what goodies to cook

Many inexperienced summer residents, having received a harvest of chaenomelis fruits, ask themselves: what to do with them?

The choice of processing options is considerable, aromatic peculiar fruits are suitable for: manufacturing:

• tinctures
• liqueurs
• syrups

They are used in cooking, for cooking:

• candied fruits
• jam
• juice
• jelly
• compote

Japanese quince - useful properties, use in traditional medicine

Since the fruit contains a large amount of iron, it is a valuable food for those suffering from anemia and malnutrition.

They have a fixing property, they are also an effective hemostatic agent.

Infusions and decoctions are used as:

• diuretic and choleretic drugs,
• means for accelerating tissue regeneration
• antiulcer drug.

Reception of quince helps to normalize the digestive tract.

You can get even more information about caring for quince by watching the video: