How to grow persimmons at home?

Ebony - long-liver, persimmon, has other names - date plum, wild date, heartfruit. Could there be a pit persimmon potted crop? At home, the cultivation of exotic plants is possible, but it is associated with the observance of a number of conditions. A tropical plant requires a special microclimate throughout the year. In winter, the plant sheds its leaves, requires rest and a low temperature. The fruits of the home tree are healthy. Self-pollinated varieties Khachia and Jiro - to help the gardener.

How can you get planting material

More often at home cultivation, persimmon is obtained from the stone. It is important to choose a fruit from a self-pollinated variety. The berry must be ripe without damage. You cannot take frozen fruit, the seeds are no longer viable. If there are moldy leaves next to the fruit, the seed should be discarded. To keep the persimmon warm, you can hold it near the heating battery.

The removed seeds must be kept for 2 days in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Only drowned bones are suitable for sowing. Then carry out the treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator, stratification for 2 months at +50 C, after a week, hold them at the heating battery. Before sowing the seeds, file the hard ribs with sandpaper.

In parallel, you can sow a persimmon seed simply:

• eat the fruit and take out the seeds;
• immediately plant to a depth of 1.5 cm in a pot with loose soil, cover, put in a warm place;
• irrigate the surface from time to time, ventilate, the sprout should appear within two weeks.

You can buy a ready-made grown seedling in the nursery, it will not cost cheap. On your own seedling, you can vaccinate against fruiting domestic trees.

Requirements for sowing persimmons, care for seedlings

The soil for sowing seeds should be light and skinny. A mixture of sand and peat in equal proportions is suitable. At home, seed persimmons are germinated in a small container, covered from top to prevent evaporation. You cannot use a battery as a source of heat - the earth will dry out quickly. You need to build a mini-label. The sprouts are difficult to get rid of the halves of the seeds, you should help by moistening with a spray bottle and placing the pot in a polyethylene shell overnight. As soon as the seedlings give the first true leaves, they need to be planted, or left alone, the most powerful seedling. Transfer the plant to the prepared soil:

• meadow humus;
• peat;
• river sand.

To impart useful properties to the composition, you can add EM-1 Baikal to it, but only 2 weeks before planting.

At home, growing persimmons from seeds without transplanting can be carried out up to 3 months. The seedling grows quickly, filling a small container with roots. Each next pot should be 3-4 cm larger than the previous one. It is no longer possible - the free earth will turn sour. From the moment the side branches are formed, the tree should be pinched so that the branches bush, and the crown turns out to be spherical.

Growing persimmon from stone as an ornamental plant is available from any fruit. But you can only get a crop from a grafted plant. Inoculate a persimmon with a small cuttings from a fruiting self-fertile tree. Such a scion can be taken in a botanical garden, in a nursery or from good friends. It is important that the tree is healthy. If grafted onto an annual seedling, fruiting can be expected in 5 years.

Agrotechnics of homemade tomato tree - persimmons

Growing persimmons at home is associated with the creation of "tropical" conditions for the plant. It means:

1. A potted plant needs a lot of diffused light, in spring and autumn with additional lighting for 2-3 hours. Persimmon cannot stand direct sunlight; on a clear summer day, the window should be covered with gauze.
2. In summer, the plant loves fresh air, but no wind, shaded.
3. Water the tree in small portions, without creating stagnation and dirt in the box.
4. Daily spraying on the leaves is required.
5. During the rest period, the tree sheds its leaves and can be stored at temperatures up to - 150. Usually, +5 -10 degrees in a dark underground, with periodic moistening of the earth clod, is enough.
6. During the growing season, moderate feeding, replanting or renewal of the upper layer of the substrate are required.

Home care for a persimmon from a stone to obtain a fruitful tree is associated with maintaining a balance of stressful conditions with favorable ones. This is how trees are forced to bear fruit in conditions unusual for them. Limited doses of fertilizers do not allow the vegetative mass to grow, otherwise the roots will not cope. On the other hand, artificial supplementary lighting and the absence of a draft is comfortable for persimmons. Regular crown formation inhibits the growth of the ground part and helps the roots.

How to water persimmon is a special science. If the tree stands in a bright room with a high temperature, the leaves dry out. Water the plant with warm water more often, but do not create dirt in which there is no air, the roots are suffocating. Moderation is needed in everything. Watering cannot replace daily spraying, creating fog in the crown. Spraying on the leaves is carried out several times a day in hot weather. To increase the humidity, place an aquarium, saucer or tray with pebbles and wet moss near.

How to grow a persimmon from a stone - video in 3 parts

It is sometimes known as the tomato tree. Its sweet fruit can often be seen on winter store shelves. This is a persimmon plant. At home, it grows, but rarely bears fruit - a very freedom-loving disposition. But there are ways to tame it - to grow a healthy beautiful tree, while giving a regular harvest of large, sweet, orange berries.

Myths about home cultivation of persimmons

Numerous sources of literature on indoor gardening sometimes do not know why novice gardeners who want to grow it at home, receiving fruits, as if they are deliberately intimidated with all sorts of creepy facts from the biography of a plant named persimmon. A tree at home will not bear fruit - they write alone. To get even just a sprout from a seed will be an overwhelming task - others echo.

Persimmon grows easily at home, even bears fruit, you only need to know the main points of its agricultural technology.

Video about growing persimmon

So the myths:

• Seeds are very difficult to sprout. Requires special handling before planting. You can often find lengthy instructions for forcing seeds, stratification, disinfection, and other pre-sowing rituals. However, none of this is required, especially if you are planting seeds directly from a freshly eaten fruit. Just sprinkle lightly with earth, water regularly. in a few days - at most, in two weeks you will see powerful shoots reaching for the light. It is known that seed germination decreases rapidly, as in citrus fruits. If you received a seed that was separated from the pulp of the fruit a few weeks ago, then it is recommended to keep them in a growth stimulant solution, for example, epin, root, heteroauxin.
• Top dressing, fertilizers are essential for successful home cultivation. The tomato tree differs from other cultivated plants only in that it is more demanding on the lightness of the soil. It does not tolerate heavy soils. Fertilizers should also be treated very carefully.Persimmon is one of the plants that normally feel on poor soils, it is better to under-feed it than to overfeed with mineral and especially organic fertilizers.
• Asthenia is tropical, so care requires special care. Provide her with year-round tropics, then you will have a harvest. In fact, everything is somewhat different. Our ward is able to withstand cold temperatures down to -20 ° C, and the Virginian form can withstand frosts of -40 ° C. The tree needs a cold winter. Only then does it bear fruit at home.

Persimmon photo

Growing persimmons at home in the first years of life

Prepare small pots or planting boxes for seeds with a light substrate consisting of equal parts meadow humus, peat, and calcined gray river sand. There are doubts about the quality of peat or humus with regards to the presence of parasites - disinfect the soil over a slow fire in an iron enameled bucket by adding a liter of water there. Enrich the sterile soil with a solution of effective microorganisms - your substrate is now safe, but completely devoid of beneficial bacteria that assimilate the chemical elements introduced with fertilizers for the roots.

Correct agricultural technique begins with planting

We sow seeds, water, avoiding the muddy state of the soil. We put it where it is warm, there are no drafts. After 10-16 days, the seeds will hatch. We rearrange them closer to the sun, on the windowsills. Sometimes the shell of the seed refuses to fall off the leaves, prevents their further growth. We pick it out gently with a knife, or, wrapping it with wet gauze, leave it for a while. Having swollen, it will fall off by itself.

Photo of young persimmon trees

With good air humidity and high temperatures, our seedlings grow actively. We are waiting for a couple of weeks, making regular watering, after which we dive the sprouts in separate pots, if you have chosen seedling boxes for sprouting seeds. Or we leave the strongest growing there for each seed pot.

A few words about the transplant

The seedling of the first year of growth actively forms the root system and wood. For the first couple of months, the volume of the planting pot will be enough to fill with the root network. Then we change to a more voluminous container. But again, as with citrus fruits, you cannot increase the diameter of the pot very quickly.

In order for the persimmon to bring a harvest at home, you cannot allow it much. Providing all conditions for rapid growth, we spoil the tree, turning it into an accelerator that will never please you even with flowering.

Providing us with fruits is not included in the plans of the plant, if it grows at home, in a confined space. No matter how large the planter is, it will not replace natural conditions for the roots of the tree. In addition, dry room air, light, and, most importantly, temperature conditions are far from the desired. Our goal is not to create all the necessary conditions for flowering with fruiting, but to make the tree bear fruit. However, this does not mean that persimmon in an apartment should be tormented by hunger, crampedness and dryness. A balance must be struck between stressful and supportive conditions. This is an agricultural technique of moderate limitation, which forces tall tropical and subtropical trees to yield crops in cramped apartment conditions.

Photo of preparation for transplanting persimmon

So, with each transplant, we increase the diameter of the pot by 3-4 centimeters. The first year of life, you can replant the plant twice due to the strong growth. Subsequently, we transplant every six months. Starting from the third year of life, we reduce this to an annual transplant. From the age of five, we replace the pots with a large one in a year.

Persimmon loves light, but protect it from the sun

Now about the light mode. It is known that our ward adores the sun. Most often, in order to satisfy this need of her, we put the trees on the balconies, or take them out into the gardens. But don't overdo it.A sharp increase in daily illumination after room dispersion of ultraviolet radiation through window panes can adversely affect the health of the plant and lead to leaf burns. Better to teach gradually.

First, we move the persimmon closer to the light in the evening, when the sun is not so strong, ultraviolet rays are scattered in the atmosphere. Or, it is best to take the tree out into the fresh air during cloudy days. then the best adaptation to natural conditions will take place.

Secondly, in the first days, if the weather is clear, create shade for the plants. Stretch a matte fabric or heavy-duty nonwoven cover on the south side.

Photo of persimmon transplant

Thirdly. Due to the active drying of greenery by the wind, trees begin to consume much more water. Increase irrigation doses, soil drying is unacceptable.

Watering, fertilizing - don't overdo it!

It should be said right away that homemade persimmon does not like a lot of dressings, responding to them with weak growth and a painful condition.

The limited volume of soil does not allow for a large development of a large root system. A large root system cannot feed a large green mass of a tree. This means that persimmon at home requires much less nutrition than its free counterparts. Where will the tree do with the assimilated nitrogen from fertilizing, if it is mostly required to increase the green mass, stimulate growth?

Our task is the opposite - as far as possible to limit, slow down the growth of the tree. Trace elements that are not used will lead to an overdose inside the persimmon tissue. And this makes the tree frail, painful. An overfed tree is no better than an undernourished tree. Phosphorus is also required by the tree for the most part for flowering, fruit setting, as well as potassium is necessary for the ripening of the bark and roots.

In the photo persimmon

However, this does not mean that we should stop fertilizing our persimmons altogether. Top dressing is necessary, but in much more moderate amounts. Better to focus on micronutrients. There are many universal inorganic complexes for indoor flower plants. They also work well with persimmons. Trace elements help to strengthen the immunity of plants, which is extremely useful, because persimmons constantly suffer from stress at home. It is worth saying that the provision of trace elements greatly affects whether your subtropical pet will bear fruit.

Fertilize regularly, twice a month, but in small doses.

Also persimmon dislikes organic fertilizers. Accustomed in natural conditions to the poor stony soils of the mountain slopes, she feels uncomfortable on the manured chernozems. Better to water it with complexes of humic acids and effective microorganisms. They improve the ecology of the soil inside the pots, help the roots to better absorb mineral dressings.

And of course, remember that in no case should you feed on dry land. Forget this rule if your goal is to burn the roots of persimmons.

Persimmon in the photo

How to force to produce a crop by shaping

After waiting for the fourth or fifth leaf, we pinch the sprouts. This provokes the active growth of lateral shoots. When they also grow on 4-5 leaves, we pinch them. Our goal is to keep the tree from growing while keeping it compact. Soon we will have a spherical, low tree. You just need to periodically pinch the ends of its branches.

To force persimmons to lay fruit buds, the method of ringing individual branches is also used. It is better not to use barrel ringing - this is a rather risky technique.

1. we choose some strong branch
2. remove the bark ring at its base with a sharp knife perpendicular to the direction of growth
3. turn over and graft this ring with the outside into the place of the cut.
4. we wrap it with electrical tape or foil to avoid moisture loss from the cut-inoculation site.
5. after a while, a ring of new crust should form here.This means that the vaccination was successful.
6. the growth of such a branch is weakened, which automatically gives a signal to actively lay fruit buds, to bloom.

We can also graft cuttings taken from room fruit-bearing persimmons to individual parts of the tree. Such grafts will bloom more willingly, set fruit.

Photo of grafting persimmon

1. We find a suitable cutting and deliver it home in a humid environment.
2. With a sharp knife, cut off the stalk from below on both sides with a peg, keeping the blade away from you.
3. We put it in water with an admixture of sugar
4. We define a strong vertical branch by the grafting site. We cut off adjacent branches so that food goes to the vaccination site.
5. We cut it horizontally with a sharp saw. We cut a stump in diameter with a knife to a depth equal to the length of the peg of the cutting.
6. Insert the handle into the cut.
7. We wrap everything well with a plaster, cloth or electrical tape.
8. We put a plastic bag on the stalk, tying it below the graft site on a branch. This is necessary to avoid moisture loss until the cambium tissue has grown between the stock and the scion.
9. As soon as the cutting has gone into growth, it means that the vaccination was a success.

Winter storage

It requires a cool, even cold wintering. Starting from mid-autumn, we reduce watering, completely stop feeding. The leaves will begin to turn yellow and fall off. If your tree is already bearing fruit, then most likely the fruits will hang on the plant for a long time after complete leaf fall.

Persimmon video

We harvest, send the plant to a cool room. You can choose the place of the winter storage cellar, our tree does not need light without foliage in winter. Of course, some species of this representative of the ebony family can withstand cold snaps and up to -30-40 ° C, but most often we grow seeds taken from Caucasian varieties. Their winter hardiness is usually limited to -15 ° C. You can choose an unheated entrance hall or a cool balcony as a winter apartment for our green pet, if you are sure that it will always be above these temperatures. But it is better to play it safe - to provide the tree with conditions close to 0 + 5 ° C.

Periodically ventilate the room with the wintering bush, preventing the development of soil, woody mildew. We also monitor soil moisture. Both excessive dryness and excessive waterlogging should not be allowed. Two small waterings per winter is the most optimal. Good wintering will contribute to the laying of fruit buds next summer. The tree will regularly delight you with its harvest.

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In winter, the shelves of shops and supermarkets are full of orange: oranges, tangerines and, of course, soft and juicy persimmons. This fruit came to Russian and European tables quite recently - just 100 years ago. Until that time, he was "hiding" in his homeland - in China and Japan. Persimmon is a thermophilic culture, so it is not often found in our gardens. However, persimmons can be grown at home in a city apartment. To do this, you will need fruit seeds and a little knowledge about the peculiarities of caring for this tree.

Persimmon types

Persimmons are rare in domestic gardens. It is grown in the south: Krasnodar Territory, Caucasus, Crimea. Therefore, in other parts of the country, this tree can be grown only at home. Both on the street and under the roof of the house, persimmon looks very decorative. It is a small tree with dark green leaves that turn red over time and large, fleshy fruits with a bright and rich aroma.

Persimmon begins to bloom in May. But ripe fruits from the tree can only be harvested at the end of autumn. Therefore, they appear on sale in winter.

There are 5 generally recognized varieties of persimmon, which differ primarily in fruits:

1. Tamopan is the variety with the largest fruits, which can reach ½ kg by weight. Most often they have a dent in the middle.

   Tamopan

2. Khachia or Bull's Heart - the fruits of this variety reach 300 g by weight. They resemble a cone in shape, and when fully ripe, they are filled with sugar by 18%.

   Khachia or Bull heart

3. Hiakume or Korolek - this type of persimmon is especially fertile and popular among gourmets. When ripe, they acquire a brownish tint and honey taste - up to 17% sugar.

   Hyakume or Korolek

4. Zenji or Chocolate Bean - the fruits of this variety are small, in comparison with other species - no more than 100 g. The prefix "chocolate" variety received for the corresponding color of the pulp. Its advantage is that the fruits can be eaten while still firm.

   Zenji or Chocolate King

5. Jiro is another variety that can be eaten unripe. But they are less sweet, sugar in them does not exceed 13%.

   Jiro

2 ways to germinate a persimmon seed

Persimmons are propagated only with the help of the fruit bone. There are 2 planting methods: harder and easier. The first one requires more effort, but it also gives more guarantees for a positive result.

• Eat ripe fruit. Wash the pit and leave to dry.
• Wet a small piece of gauze, wrap a bone in it.
• Place the wrapped bone in a plastic bag and tie it, piercing it to give oxygen access.
• Place the bag near a working battery, heater or other warm place.
• Open the bag every 3 days and check for mold.
• After 2 weeks, the sprout should hatch. Otherwise, you can throw away this bone and start the procedure from the beginning.

The second instruction is even simpler and easier.

• Prepare the bone, as in the previous case.
• Prepare a small plastic cup, make holes in the bottom.
• Take neutral soil, moisten it, loosen it and fill the glass.
• Place the bone in the ground at a depth of 2 cm.
• Tighten the glass with plastic wrap and place in a warm place.
• When the sprout appears, it needs to be helped to get rid of the top film with thin tweezers.

To have more chances of getting sprouts, you need to plant several seeds at the same time in different glasses.

Advice. Those who have a lot of experience in tree planting are advised to sand the bone with sandpaper before planting.

Home tree care rules

Persimmon is an Asian plant, so it loves 3 things: warmth, light, moisture. And you need to grow it taking into account this feature.

The first thing to do is to determine the place in the house where the tub with the tree will stand. There should be good lighting. But direct sunlight can burn the leaves, this also needs to be taken into account and artificial light sources should be organized. They are turned on in the morning and in the evening for 2 hours.

In the summer, it is useful for the plant to breathe fresh air - to take it to the threshold or at least to the balcony. In the first week - for 1-2 hours. When the plant gets used to it - for the whole day. The tree must be protected from drafts.

For planting, take seeds from a ripe fruit

For the winter, after the tree stops bearing fruit, the persimmon is transferred to rest in a room with a temperature of 3-5 ° C. It can be a cellar or an attic, just do not forget about the lighting, otherwise the plant will quickly die.

Watering for the persimmon tree needs moderate: do not pour, do not allow the soil to dry out. Be sure to arrange drainage for the pot so that excess water flows into the stand. Additionally, the leaves are sprayed with water at 50-60 ° C.

Young seedlings need to be fed every 2 weeks. For this, a mineral complex and organic fertilizers are used. They alternate. When the plant comes into force, it is fertilized only during the growing season.

In order for the plant to have a decorative look, it must be carefully trimmed. This is done when the tree reaches 30-40 cm in height. A young tree is transplanted once a year, after 5 years - once every 2 years.

Attention! A large pot for this plant is a big danger. The thing is that the soil free from roots can easily oxidize and lead to rotting of the root system.

Benefits of "food of the gods"

The benefits of persimmon are hard to overestimate. Its rich composition treats the most common diseases of a modern metropolis inhabitant:

• magnesium - for hypertension;
• vitamins C and PP - from depression and lowered immunity;
• carotene - has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, skin condition, prevents the formation of malignant tumors;
• potassium and glucose - improves brain activity;
• iodine - for the thyroid gland.

Persimmon sprout

Persimmon is also useful for colds, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver, during pregnancy.

It is necessary to limit the consumption of persimmons in the postoperative period, as well as for those who suffer from constipation and diabetes mellitus.

Advice. Children often refuse persimmons because of their mouth-knitting properties. Adults may not like this either. To get rid of the tanning effect, this fruit must be frozen in the freezer and allowed to thaw or immersed in cool water for several hours.

It can be difficult for someone who has no experience to grow persimmons at home the first time. Due to non-observance of the rules of care, the tree may die. But this is not a reason to be upset. Experienced gardeners claim that a properly grown tree at home will produce a rich harvest for many years in a row.

How to grow a persimmon from a stone: video

Growing persimmons: photo

Everyone knows that persimmon is a very healthy and tasty fruit. But few will be able to explain where and how it grows. You will learn about all this, as well as how to grow persimmons from seeds at home and get a harvest from our today's article.

Grown persimmon from the stone at home bears excellent fruits

Persimmon is one of the favorite delicacies of the people of Russia. Especially a lot of it appears on the shelves in winter. Why in winter and where it is brought to us from - few know.

Where and how does persimmon grow?

In fact, there is no secret here. This large orange berry started growing in China. The oldest persimmon trees found there are about 500 years old. Then they began to actively grow it in Japan. And relatively recently (in the nineteenth century) it has become popular with us. Now persimmon trees grow in Europe, America, as well as in the Crimea and the Caucasus.

How does a persimmon tree grow in the garden?

Persimmon is a relatively small tree and very decorative in terms of its bright dark green or red (before falling off) leaves. The berries themselves are large and fleshy, with sweet pulp and an unforgettable aroma similar to the smell of apricot.

Trees bloom starting in May. Fruiting closer to November. That is why persimmon appears on our tables in winter, and in summer it is almost impossible to find it.

Productivity and varieties

The yield of this plant is very good. About 80 kg of fruit can be harvested from one ordinary tree. But the fruiting of some high-yielding varieties reaches more than 250 kilograms.

How does persimmon grow at home?

There are more than 200 varieties of persimmon. There are many different classifications and groups by which they are distinguished. For example, by taste; pollination; yield; early, middle or late ripeness.

For our area, the most popular such hybrids of varieties are: Korolek, Gora Goverla, Meader, John Rick, Nikitskaya Bordovaya, Rossiyanka, Gora Roman-Kosh and others.

Growing persimmons at home. Proper plant care

Pitted persimmon at home - is it real? Quite. The main thing is to know and adhere to some rules - and then you will definitely succeed.

How persimmon grows at home photo of a young tree

The most important thing in the process of growing persimmons is to create the right microclimate, since this plant, in principle, is not whimsical, but categorically does not tolerate frost. If you are going to grow it on your personal plot, then when frost approaches, it is better to bring the tree into the house.

So, everything in order:

1. The first thing you need to do is extract the seeds from the fruit. Wash them thoroughly, dry them and plant them in a suitable pot.If you want the seeds to start growing as soon as possible, spray them with a growth accelerator before planting.
2. Place the seed pot in a warm place after wrapping it in cellophane. The first sprout can be seen in a couple of weeks.
3. When you see the sprout, place the pot on the windowsill. The persimmon will now begin to grow more confidently and vigorously.
4. When the fruit begins to grow out of its pot, you need to repot it immediately. Transplanting takes place about once a year, in the spring. An adult plant requires this process more often - once every three years.
5. With regard to circumcision. When the persimmon reaches about 1.5 meters, it is allowed to cut the crown in width and height.
6. In the summer, place your tree in a room that is warm, light, and free of drafts. Do not forget about constant watering and spraying. But do not overdo it - getting water in excess, the plant may die. In June, you can already watch your persimmon tree bloom. Now you can start feeding and fertilizing it. It is advisable to do this twice a month with nitrogen-free fertilizers.
7. For the winter, place the persimmon in a room with a temperature of at least 10 degrees.

Having grown persimmons at home, you can enjoy the first harvest in three years.

The healing properties of persimmons

It will now be easy for you to grow persimmons, knowing all the secrets of planting and caring for it, but do you know all its healing properties and how this wonderful fruit acts on your body?

Growing persimmons at home and its beneficial properties for the body

• One of the main substances found in persimmons is magnesium. And, as you know, magnesium is indispensable for hypertensive diseases.
• Vitamin PP is excellent for treating depression, with a weakened immune system.
• Carotene strengthens the cardiovascular system, improves vision and skin condition. Carotene is also known as an antioxidant that prevents cancer.
• Potassium is indispensable for the diet of athletes and improves brain activity. Promotes the proper functioning of all human organs.
• Glucose and sugar strengthen the heart muscle, vitamin C - the walls of blood vessels.
• In addition to these vitamins, persimmon has a low acidity, which is useful for the gastrointestinal tract. And if you are struggling with varicose veins, bleeding gums, problems with digestion, gastrointestinal tract, liver - persimmon is an irreplaceable product for you.
• For a cold, dilute persimmon juice in warm water and gargle three times a day - the disease will recede.
• For diarrhea, take persimmon tea every four hours.
• Persimmons are also useful for pregnant women. By including a couple of fruits a day in your diet, you will increase immunity.

Persimmon has not only healing properties, but also quite effectively used in cosmetology, dietetics, has an anti-cellulite and anti-aging effect. And the healing properties of dried persimmon are no different from the properties of fresh ones.

Outcome:

Now you know how persimmon grows. By growing this tasty and healthy berry at home, you will provide yourself and your family with vitamins for a long time. Indeed, with proper care, the persimmon tree will bring a big harvest every year, for many, many years in a row.