How to grow peppers from seeds at home?

Growing peppers at home is becoming an increasingly popular activity for those who do not have a summer cottage. Now there are many interesting varieties that are suitable for planting on balconies and window sills. If there is not much space in the house, then it is better to choose mini-varieties.

Conditionally, pepper for the home can be divided into sweet varieties and hot ones, there is also a decorative pepper. The latter are more suitable, since they are of short stature and abundant fruiting.

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However, if you want to grow bell peppers, then there is nothing difficult, you just need to follow the recommendations.

Growing peppers from seeds at home with a step by step photo

This is southern culture loves warmth and bright sunso it is important to provide it with an appropriate location. However, seedlings should be protected from exposure to too bright sun, so as not to burn weak leaves.

Choosing seeds

When you enter a gardening store, you are faced with a difficult choice: which variety is better.

Important! Not all peppers are suitable for balcony cultivation.

Pay attention to the size of the adult plant. You should also take into account the timing of germination and the rate of fruiting. At home, we want to get the fruits as quickly as possible.

We plant

How to grow peppers from seeds at home? After you have chosen the right variety, you should plant the seeds. Many experienced gardeners recommend pre-soak them in a damp cloth or cheesecloth for four days. There are also recommendations to soak them for several hours in a weak solution of potassium permanganate to avoid the appearance of diseases.

After the seeds have hatched, they must be carefully planted in small containers. For these purposes seedling pots work wellsuch as peat or small plastic cups.

You can plant seeds directly into the ground, they will germinate a little longer. For these purposes also small peat tablets are conveniently suitable for seedlings.

REFERENCE! Learn about planting methods such as toilet paper and snail.

Different varieties germinate in different ways, some up to 3 weeks, so you have to be patient.

Attention! Check soil moisture daily. The soil should not dry out, but also not be too wet. You can use a spray bottle to moisten the soil.

You should adhere to the temperature regime... The optimum temperature for germination of pepper seeds is 18-25ºC.

The first shoots have sprung up, what to do next?

After a while, seedlings appear. Now they need create the most optimal conditions... The first is light. If it is not enough, then the plants will begin to stretch, and then completely die.

Attention! Do not place young seedlings directly under the scorching sun.

It is convenient to use artificial lighting for seedlings. Special lamps for flowers are now sold, but you can also use daylight, choosing the right amount. Incandescent lamps are not suitable for these purposes - they emit little light, but a lot of heat, which can burn delicate leaves.

Daylight lamps are positioned at a height of about 30 cm, daylight hours should last about 18 hours, but not less than 14 hours. To make it more convenient, you can connect special on / off control timers to the luminaire.

We land on a permanent place

As soon as the pepper seedlings reach 10-15 cm, it must be dropped off at a permanent place... Use large pots or boxes for these purposes: it grows quickly and has an extensive root system.

We carefully take out the sprout. The most convenient and less traumatic for the plant use the transshipment method... Pepper, sprouted in peat tablets, is planted with them in a pot.

Keep in mind that the larger the planting container, the larger the plant will be. As soon as the frost passes, the plant is taken out to the balcony.

If you grow large varieties of bell peppers, then take care of large containers and methods of garter plants.

Soil for pepper and top dressing

Fine suitable soil for seedlings, as well as garden soil... Peppers need a lot of nutrients for good fruiting, so humus is added.

Fertilizers are used only specially designed for vegetable crops.

Remember! You eat the fruits, therefore, it is not recommended to over-water with top dressing.

The safest feeding is humus. You can also mix wood ash with water at the rate of 2 tablespoons per liter.

Watering

The plant needs a regular supply of moisture. Water is used warm, better settled, without chlorine... Do not allow the soil to dry out, otherwise the buds and fruits may begin to fall off.

Growing pepper seedlings on the windowsill

As we remember, pepper is a southern culture. Place it in the lightest and warmest place. Avoid drafts. It is great if the balcony is glazed, so you can avoid the effects of spring frosts.

Growing peppers on a windowsill has its own characteristics: choose the lightest window or provide additional lighting.

Additional care

Inspect the plant for pests daily. Even at home in plants sometimes diseases appear and pests attack.

If you notice dark spots, yellow, curled and falling leaves, or insects, take action immediately, otherwise the plant may be lost. What to do if seedlings fall?

Interesting

Many varieties of chili peppers can grow and bear fruit in a room for several years. There is an interesting variety, the fruits of which change color depending on the stage of development. Hot peppers come in varying degrees of pungency. The size of the fruit also differs. A small-fruited variety is suitable for the kitchen; it will also be a decoration of the room and an excellent seasoning for dishes.

In general, caring for sweet and hot peppers is not difficult. The most important thing is to germinate the seedlings correctly, choose a large container and ensure the maximum supply of light.

So, today we looked at how to grow pepper seedlings on the windowsill, what nuances do you need to take into account? But growing peppers on the balcony is much easier, so we recommend this method for novice gardeners.

Useful video

Pepper is one of the most popular vegetable crops. To achieve maximum results, you need to calculate everything correctly when growing it. Many people know how to collect pepper seeds, but we will tell you how to grow pepper from seeds in order to reap a rich harvest.

Planting in open ground with seeds

The first way you can go is to grow pepper seeds outdoors. This option is considered more risky, because if you sow pepper seeds directly into the ground, they may not take root and germinate, since everything here will depend on weather conditions. However, if you live in the southern region and don't want to mess with your seedlings, you can try growing indoor peppers outdoors.

Variety selection

The very first thing you have to do is choose the variety of pepper you will plant in your garden. You should not choose early varieties for sowing; it is best to plant peppers of medium or late ripening. Of the recommended varieties, the following can be distinguished: Adjika, Astrakhansky, Miracle of the Moscow Region and Double abundance.

Necessary conditions for growing

The main condition for planting this vegetable crop with seeds in open ground is a warm climate. This vegetable is very whimsical and is afraid of frost, so if you live in a cold region, it is better to leave this venture. If you have already decided to plant seeds in open ground, wait until it warms up, when there will be no sharp drops in temperature.

Sowing dates

As already mentioned, pepper tolerates low temperatures very negatively, so you need to plant it in the summer. If this is of great importance to you, you can of course check the lunar calendar to find out exactly which number is the most favorable for landing. However, most often planting of seeds is carried out in the first half of June (approximately 6-7 number). By this time, there should be no cold snaps, so peppers can grow right in the ground without any problems.

Site selection and soil preparation

Best of all, this vegetable crop will grow in light and fertile soil, so try to avoid "heavy" soils, where the planting material will definitely not take root. To properly prepare the ground, you need to take care of organic fertilizers that will warm up the soil (as already mentioned, this plant loves heat very much). To do this, carefully dig up the soil before planting and add organic matter there. Manure and peat diluted with water are suitable. After that, it is necessary to loosen the ground again.

Sowing rules

Wait for a cool day, and you can start sowing (it is best to do this in the evening). To sow the seeds correctly, it is necessary to place about 5-6 seeds in the prepared holes filled with soil and humus. You should not put one seed in one hole - so the chances of success are practically zero. After the seeds are in the hole, it is necessary to cover them with earth and pour them over with settled water. The planting material does not need to be buried deeply - it is enough for the seeds to be placed in the ground to a depth of about 3 cm.The distance between the holes should be about 30 cm.

Watering and feeding

How to grow pepper seeds outdoors? As already mentioned, after planting, future bushes are watered with water and covered with foil until the first shoots appear. Usually the film is removed after 5-10 days, and at the same time the first dressing is applied. As a top dressing, ash or yeast liquid fertilizer is perfect.

Shaping and other care

All further actions consist in the fact that as the bush itself forms, you will need to carry out a procedure called thinning twice.The first time this must be done when 2-3 leaves appear (2-3 plants are left in the hole). The second procedure is carried out after the appearance of 5-6 leaves, and it is at this stage that you need to leave the strongest bush. Also, if frost or hail is planned, it is recommended to cover the seedlings with agrofibre so that they remain intact.

Planting seedlings

Growing pepper seedlings is a much less dangerous method than the previous one. You can easily grow pepper seeds at home, since the success of this enterprise will not depend on weather conditions. Therefore, now we will talk in detail about how to grow homemade pepper from seeds.

Variety selection

The choice depends on the conditions in which you are going to grow this vegetable. If you have a greenhouse, then absolutely any variety can be grown in it, since the conditions are most suitable there. If you grow seedlings on the balcony, the following varieties are perfect: Ilya Muromets, Karapuz, Gambler and Orange Miracle. But in general, it all depends on your personal preference.

Necessary conditions for growing

To grow pepper seedlings at home, certain conditions must be provided. These include:

1. Air temperature and soil temperature. The room temperature must be at least +25 ° C, and the minimum ground temperature must be +18 ° C.
2. Good lighting.
3. Regular watering and loosening of the soil.
4. Optimum air humidity (if this point is violated, there is a high probability of falling flowers).
5. Protection from pests and regular inspection of bushes for insects.

Sowing dates

When calculating the sowing time, it must be borne in mind that seedlings are usually planted in 60–80 days. Of course, given the characteristics of the selected variety, the timing may slightly shift. It is also worth considering that by the time the seedlings are planted in the ground, it should be warm enough. Based on this, you can deduce the exact dates of planting.

Capacity and soil

Almost any container is perfect for the procedure, be it a peat pot or a plastic cup. Before adding soil to the container, it must be disinfected. This can be easily done by washing the pots in a solution of potassium permanganate or with laundry soap. Peat pots or paper cups are ideal, since this way, when planting in the ground, it will be possible not to remove the seedlings from the container (the material from which the cups are made decomposes).

The soil should be light and loose. You can purchase a ready-made substrate or prepare it yourself. To do this, mix the earth with sand and turf (2: 1: 1), and add a tablespoon of wood ash with superphosphate (per 10 liters of soil). Also note that it is better not to use garden soil, but to disinfect the mixture that you have prepared (using potassium permanganate) before planting.

Sowing rules

The soil in the pots is compacted so that the edge of the container is no more than 2 cm. Then pepper seeds are planted about a centimeter deep, and the pots themselves are placed at a distance of 3 cm from each other. Cover with foil or glass and leave in a warm place. It is also recommended that you prepare the tags with the names of the varieties in advance so as not to get confused.

Further care

How to grow pepper seedlings? In the first week, the formation of roots takes place, at this time the temperature should be + 14… + 16 ° C. In the second week, the temperature is raised to +25 ° C during the day and to +17 ° C at night.

Water the seedlings once a week. In addition, it is necessary to apply fertilizers - an excellent option would be a solution with calcium soda (a spoonful of calcium soda in a bucket of water). Also take care of lighting, as this is an important factor in the growth of the seedlings. When your seedlings have two leaves, you can make a pick for the growth of lateral and adventitious roots.

Also remember to temper the plant by bringing them out into the fresh air as they grow up (try to avoid drafts, though!).

Landing in the ground

Planting can be done after the first buds have appeared, and there are at least 8 leaves. By that time, the stem reaches about 2.5 cm in length. The main condition is warmed-up soil (therefore, pepper is planted in open ground from late May to early June). The plant is taken out of the pots (or not if peat pots were used) and placed in the hole until the first leaves. After that, they are sprinkled with soil and carefully tied up so that the seedlings do not break.

Disease and pest control

Among the diseases, the most common are fungal diseases, so if you find something similar on your seedlings, you can treat with fungicides (chosen depending on the disease) to get rid of the infection. Also, pepper is often attacked by aphids, spider mites and slugs. Insecticides will help against the first, and you can get rid of ticks with a soap solution with the addition of infusion of onions or garlic. Tobacco dust will work well against slugs.

Pepper Planting Video

In this video, you will learn how to properly plant peppers.

Pepper is an irreplaceable vegetable crop. This vegetable contains many vitamins, it is eaten fresh, seasonings, salads and preserves are made from it. This crop is in demand, so many are trying to grow it on their own.

However, pepper is very whimsical. To get good strong seedlings and a high-quality harvest, you must follow some growing rules. This article will tell you how to choose the right variety, prepare seeds, choose a container, how to plant and how to grow pepper seedlings from seeds at home.

Preparation of planting material

Variety selection

First you need to decide on the choice of pepper variety. You can pick it up individually for each consumer, because there are sweet, and spicy, and pungent varieties. At the same time, the cultivation of, for example, the same sweet bell pepper is no different from its other varieties. They are equally demanding on lighting, moisture and temperature.

There is a huge selection of peppers on the market today.

It's not hard to get lost in such a variety, so here's a quick reference:

• high-yield varieties: Big Papa, Bogatyr, Bugai;
• varieties for greenhouses: Ilya Muromets, Orange Miracle, Gambler;
• early varieties: "Tenderness", "Buratino", "Winnie the Pooh";
• late varieties: "Swallow", "Nochka", "Alyonushka";
• spicy varieties: "Adjika", "Astrakhansky".

Seed treatment

The first step is to visually inspect the seeds. Small, damaged and deformed ones must be removed. Then the seeds remaining as a result of selection are disinfected. They are placed in gauze bags, and then dipped in a dark pink concentrated solution of potassium permanganate for 20-30 minutes.

Also, you can dip them in a solution of any fungicide ("Fitosporin", "Vitaros"), following the instructions for use. After that, the seeds are thoroughly washed with running water.

To obtain strong and healthy seedlings, pepper seeds can be soaked in a complex nutrient solution. For example, you can add nitrophoska or wood ash to the water at the rate of 1 tsp. substances per 1 liter.

In such a mixture, gauze bags with seeds must be kept for 24 hours. You can also use the drug "Azotfit" (5-10 ml per 0.5 l of water). In this solution, pepper seeds are kept for 2 hours.

Another option is to dip the seeds in gauze for 24 hours in a liquid solution of the Ideal fertilizer. The solution temperature should be 25-28 degrees Celsius. Well, the last, but no less effective solution is to soak the seeds in Epin (this is a growth stimulant) for 12 hours. One or two drops of the drug are enough for every 100 ml of water.

Germination and hardening

After the above procedures, the seeds of the peppers are germinated.This is best done on a raised surface (such as a saucer, plate, or jar lid). A moistened gauze, cotton wool or cotton cloth is placed on the bottom of the container.

Pepper seeds are evenly placed on top (they must be of the same grade) and covered with the same moist material. After that, the container is covered with a film and placed in a warm place (the air temperature must be at least 25 degrees Celsius). Periodically, water is poured into the fabric so that the seeds do not dry out. After 1-2 weeks, they will sprout. After that, they can be planted in seedling containers.

But before planting, bell peppers can be hardened using a simple, simple trick. The seeds of the peppers must be kept alternately in the cold, then in the warmth.

First, the planting material is placed in the refrigerator for 2 days (on the bottom shelf). Then they are kept indoors at room temperature (17-18 degrees) for 24 hours. Then they are again transferred to the refrigerator, and after two days, the seeds are taken out and immediately sown.

Choice of capacity

Sweet pepper has a very delicate root system; the culture takes a long time to recover from damage. Therefore, picks should be avoided by initially planting seeds in separate large containers (10x10 cm) or seedling boxes (at least 6 cm deep).

Pots or large glasses with a depth of 10-12 cm and a diameter of 7-10 cm are perfect. The container should be spacious (so that a large lump of earth can be transferred with the seedlings later) and deep (low containers negatively affect the growth of bell pepper).

Experienced gardeners do not recommend planting sweet pepper seeds in pressed cardboard pots, as the glue used in them can be toxic to seedlings.

Soil preparation

The successful cultivation of peppers from seed largely depends on the correct selection and preparation of the soil. Clayy and heavy soil with high acidity will not work. It is better to prepare the substrate yourself.

There are a number of requirements for the soil:

• fertility;
• looseness;
• moisture capacity;
• nutritional value;
• neutral or slightly acidic reaction (6-6.5 pH).

The soil should also be free of pathogenic bacteria and pests.

There are several options for preparing the substrate:

1. Mix sandy loam meadow soil with peat and humus in a ratio of 2: 2: 1. For 10 kg of substrate, 2 matchboxes of superphosphate and 1 boxes of potassium sulfate are added to the mixture.
2. Mix the top layer of soil, high-moor peat and sand in a 1: 2: 1 ratio. The acidity of the mixture can be extinguished by adding lime fertilizers to it.
3. Mix humus, turf soil and river sand in a ratio of 3: 3: 1. A glass of wood ash is added to 10 kg of the mixture.

In addition, ready-made substrates (for example, "Biogrunt" and "Zhivaya Zemlya") are sold in specialized gardening stores. This is an excellent solution for summer residents who do not have access to the above components, and for beginners who are not yet confident in their abilities.

Sowing seeds

Sowing dates

When to sow sweet pepper seeds? It all depends directly on the variety. More specifically, from its ripening time. Early and mid-early varieties of peppers should be sown during March. In this case, the seedlings are transplanted into open ground after 50-60 days.

Mid-late and late varieties are sown from mid-February to mid-March. For planting seedlings in open ground, its age should be 60-75 days.

Planting is usually done at the end of April. First, the seedlings can be planted in a heated greenhouse (around the end of April), in the second half of May they are moved to a greenhouse, and in the first half of June, the pepper is already planted in open ground.

Sowing process

Finally, we proceed to sowing seeds. To begin with, the containers for planting are washed. Then they are filled with earth, it is lightly tamped. The rim of the container should rise about 2 cm above the soil surface.

In the seedling box, parallel grooves are made with a depth of 1-1.5 cm, keeping a distance of 3-4 cm between them.Pepper seeds are planted at a distance of 1-1.5 cm from each other. In separate containers, two holes are made. One seed must be planted in each hole.

After that, they are covered with a substrate from above. At the end, each container is covered with a thin cling film and placed in a warm place (for example, near a battery).

Necessary conditions for seed germination

For fast germination of seeds, it is necessary to create a greenhouse effect. As already mentioned, the container with the planting must be covered with foil or glass and placed in a warm place. The air temperature should be 25-28 degrees Celsius. It must be maintained until the first shoots appear. If the appropriate regimen is observed, this happens 5-7 days after sowing the seeds.

Throughout this period, the soil should be moderately moist. Water must not collect in the sump. Watering is carried out with warm water through a sieve or watering can, so as not to expose the seeds and knock them out of the soil.

Another important aspect is lighting. Bell pepper is a light-loving and heat-loving culture. There is enough sunlight on the windowsill for her, but at the same time it is cool there. Therefore, it is better to use a phytolamp (it will come in handy after germination).

Growing seedlings

Temperature regime

So how to grow pepper seedlings from seeds at home? After the appearance of the first shoots, the containers with seeds are moved to a light window sill and the film is removed from them. Daytime temperatures should be 13-16 degrees, and nighttime temperatures should be 8-10 degrees.

Such conditions should be observed during the week. During this period, the root system of the seedlings is formed, and this temperature regime contributes to its strengthening. A week later, the temperature is again raised to 25-27 degrees during the day and 17 degrees at night.

A month before planting in a permanent place, the seedlings begin to be taken out into fresh air in order to gradually harden it and allow it to get used to the environmental conditions.

Watering

Watering is also important. In the first few days after the emergence of seedlings, it is not necessary to moisten the soil. Sweet pepper seedlings are watered every 7 days. Water is poured under the root, trying not to fall on the sprouts. The liquid temperature should be 28-30 degrees.

You cannot water the seedlings of peppers with cold water. Periodically, the topsoil must be carefully loosened.

Lighting

Bell peppers are very fond of light. At home, it is advisable to place a container with seedlings on the lightest windowsill (preferably from the south side).

During the first two to three weeks, it is advisable to use additional lighting (the same phytolamp). The containers need to be unwrapped periodically so that the lighting is uniform throughout the growing period.

Picking

If the seeds were planted in seedling boxes or small pots, then after the development of two to four true leaves (about a month after the emergence of seedlings), the seedlings of peppers should be dived into separate containers with a volume of at least 0.5 liters.

Top dressing

When the first shoots appear, top dressing is applied. It can be liquid yeast or ash fertilizers. Any complex preparation for seedlings (for example, "Kemira Combi") is also suitable.

After that, fertilizing is applied twice more:

• 2 weeks after the pick (5 g of urea and 30 g of superphosphate are dissolved in a bucket of water);
• a few days before planting seedlings (50 g of superphosphate and 25 g of potassium sulfate per bucket of water).

The flow rate is the same as for regular watering. You can also use ready-made fertilizers from the store ("Solution", "Agricola").

Planting seedlings in the ground

We figured out how to grow pepper seedlings from seeds at home. Now it is important that the fruits of our labors are not wasted. Sweet pepper seedlings still need to be properly planted. Planting is carried out after the appearance of the first buds. In this case, the plant should have at least six to eight leaves.

The soil should be well warmed up by the sun, so planting should be planned for late May or early June. Seedlings are carefully taken out of containers, before planting they need to be watered (so that a soil lump remains on the roots).

If the plant grew in peat pots, then it is not taken out from there, but planted along with the container. For hot peppers, the distance between the rows should be about half a meter, for sweet peppers - 70 cm.In one row, plants are placed every 40-50 cm.

Seedlings are planted in the evening, the air temperature should be at least 17 degrees. Bulgarian pepper is deepened into the soil until the first leaves. The hole is buried, the earth is slightly loosened. Young leaves of peppers are very fragile and tender, so it is recommended to tie them up after planting.

If the temperatures are low at night and there is a possibility of frost, then it is advisable to cover the seedlings with a thin film until stable warm weather is established.

Despite the laborious process of growing pepper seedlings from seeds, this crop remains one of the most popular and in demand. The main thing is desire and a responsible approach. And then growing this healthy vegetable will be an easy task for any gardener.

Pepper has long become one of the favorite spices of housewives. Even if there is no way to plant it in the garden, growing pepper at home is a completely simple process. The best place for a vegetable to live would be a windowsill or balcony. And in order to please the harvest, it is worth considering that the plant loves warmth and light, and is also afraid of drafts. Let's take a closer look at the question of how to grow pepper.

How to prepare pepper seeds for sowing

Examine the seeds, remove any frail and damaged ones. Treat selected pepper seeds against fungal infections. Soak them, placing them in a gauze bag, in a solution of any fungicide ("Maxim", "Fitosporin-M", "Vitaros") according to the instructions. You can do with soaking the seeds in a dense pink solution of potassium permanganate for 20-30 minutes. After potassium permanganate, rinse them thoroughly right in the bags. Good results are obtained by soaking pepper seeds for 12 hours in Epin (1-2 drops per 100 ml of water). After that, spread the seeds between two layers of a damp, clean cloth, cover so that the moisture does not evaporate quickly, and place in a warm place (+ 25 ° C). After 7-14 days, the seeds will hatch. Do not miss this moment, because the roots of peppers are very fragile, they are painful to take the slightest damage.

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Pepper seedling substrate

To grow high-quality pepper seedlings, it is necessary to prepare sufficiently fertile soil. That is why the substrate must be prepared very carefully and carefully. To begin with, it must be said that the land from the garden is not very suitable for preparing a substrate, and especially if it has high acidity, it is clayey and heavy. The soil should be moisture-absorbing, loose, contain the required amount of nutrients, have a neutral reaction and be free from pests and pathogens. In such a case, many gardeners and summer residents have their own recipe for preparing a potting mixture. An example of this is a commonly used mixture of humus, turf and beach sand. The proportions of the substrate, respectively: 3: 3: 1. An alternative to sod land can be peat. Then add a glass of wood ash to a bucket of this mixture. For novice summer residents, in order to avoid failures, special soil is sold in specialized stores. For example, a highly nutritious substrate "Biogrunt", which can be purchased at any gardening store.

Sowing pepper seeds for seedlings

Rinse the sowing dish in a solution of potassium permanganate, fill with the prepared soil mixture and slightly compact it so that the side of the dish rises about 2 cm above the soil.

Spread the seeds that have turned up with tweezers at a distance of 1.5-2 cm. You do not need to sow thicker: the sprouts of pepper will shade each other and stretch out.

Fill the top with soil mixture in a layer of 1-1.5 cm. Compact a little. It is necessary to water the crops of pepper carefully, making sure that the seeds are not washed out to the surface of the soil. Label the varieties. To prevent moisture from evaporating too quickly, place crops in a greenhouse or in a bag. The temperature must be maintained at + 25 ° C.

Articles about indoor and ornamental plants

With the emergence of seedlings (usually this happens on the 5-7th day), place the crops in a bright place with a temperature of + 15-17 ° С. Water with lukewarm water in moderation, making sure that no water accumulates in the pan. To prevent the seedlings from leaning towards the light, turn the bowl with the seedlings relative to the window or illuminate them with a phytolamp.

The first shoots of pepper seedlings

During the first week, the root system of the plants is formed. The favorable temperature at this time is 14-16 degrees Celsius. Then it is raised to 25 degrees during the day and 17 at night. After about a month, the first true leaves appear. During these days, it is necessary to water the seedlings once a week and feed them with special fertilizers. A solution of one tablespoon of calcium nitrate in a bucket of water will do. A popular store drug is Kemira Kombi.

Diving pepper seedlings and planting them in open ground

When the seedlings bear the first pair of true leaves, you need to carefully dive them into separate pots and then water the seedlings well. The pots need to be pushed apart as the pepper leaves close, this will provide the seedlings with enough air and light. The first time you need to do this when the pepper grows 3-4 leaves, the second time, when there are 5-6 leaves.

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Pepper seedlings must be hardened before planting them in the ground. Plants are hardened gradually, gradually increasing the time spent in an open space, which is protected from the wind.

Planting in the ground is carried out 2 months after the appearance of the first shoots and after the ground warms up to 15 ° C. Seedlings should always be planted in a sunny place that is protected from the wind.

The readiness for planting can be determined by their appearance: seedlings are suitable for growing, which have 7-8 leaves and the seedlings have reached a height of 20-30 cm, hot peppers should have a height of 15-16 cm and 5-6 leaves.

The number of fruits and the time of their appearance largely depend on the age of the seedlings. The yield of 60-day seedlings is 2 times less than that of 90-day ones. Seedlings must be watered until planting, this is necessary so that the earth in the boxes softens well. But if pepper seeds were planted in separate pots, then it is better to plant without destroying the earthen coma. It is better to prepare the planting holes in advance and moisten the soil in the garden bed.

When planting in open ground, pepper seedlings should not be deepened so that they do not get sick. It is recommended to plant at the same depth at which it grew in a room or in a greenhouse. If the seedlings were planted in peat pots, then it is worth planting them together with the pot. If the weather is hot and sunny during the planting of seedlings in open ground, then it is worth shading a little until it survives.

Pest Control Articles

The distance between rows of hot peppers should be 50 cm, sweet peppers - 70 cm.The distance between seedlings in one row should be at least 40 cm.

In the southern places, the cultivation of pepper can be carried out in a seedless way. But growing seedlings yields a harvest much earlier.

Pepper seedling care

Do not get carried away with watering. This can lead to the development of infection and death of the mouth. If the seedlings are rarely and unevenly moistened, they will shed their leaves and weaken. The water temperature should be about thirty degrees. Do not pour cold water on peppers.

To grow a quality crop, you need sunlight. At home, you need to make sure that the seedlings stand on the window where there is more light.It is desirable that this is the south side. Sometimes you will have to use additional lighting. If the sowing is late, the backlight duration is three or four weeks, the rest of the seeds have two or three. Illumination should be uniform throughout the growing period.

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Sometimes small bugs appear on the seedlings - aphids. They feed on the sap of the leaves and harm the plants. Many pest control chemicals cannot be used at home. Then folk remedies will do. For example, five grams of crushed soap is dissolved in one liter of water. Plant leaves are washed with this composition. Decoctions of yarrow or garlic are also effective remedies that will help get rid of insects.

Diseases and pests of peppers

The correct seedling of pepper is healthy young seedlings. All plant varieties, regardless of their bitterness, are affected by spider mites, aphids and slugs. To combat them, special pesticides are used, intended for vegetable crops, which are bred in accordance with the instructions on the package. Such means can be "Karbofos", a solution of wood ash or laundry soap diluted in water. It also helps to use a dry mustard solution that is sprayed over the plant.

Among the diseases, the most common are: black leg, late blight, apical rot, gray rot, sclerotia, fusorium or bronze pepper.

To combat diseases of a fungal nature, such as varieties of rot, sclerotia and fusorium, it is imperative to remove all affected areas of the plant and treat with fungicides with targeted antifungal action.

Late blight is fought with drugs such as "Barrier" and "Barrier", which dissolve in a bucket of water. They are sprayed with plants, however, in this way, peppers can be processed before flowering, since then there may be a danger of human poisoning.

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The bronzeness of the pepper and its consequences (partial wilting of the plant) are eliminated by the use of Fundazol. Before using it, you must collect all the ripe crop and stop watering the plants.

Video instruction on growing peppers on the windowsill. Part 1:

Part 2:

Growing hot peppers on a windowsill

In addition to the above types, hot peppers can be grown at home. In cooking, it is used when hot spices are needed, and even improves digestion.

It is recommended to put drainage in the lower part of the container, for this you will need expanded clay. Next, you need to fill in the soil. Before planting pepper in the ground, water it, and then deepen a couple of pre-prepared seeds there. The container should be covered in the same way as described above. When the leaves appear, it is better to transplant the plants into separate containers, so they will be freer. All of the above recommendations are also suitable for growing hot peppers.

How to grow chili peppers at home (video)