Content
Most onion perennials can be grown at home, and get fragrant greens in any season, be it summer or winter.
Each of us is within the power of growing onions from seeds on a windowsill or balcony: this process does not require laborious maintenance. We will learn how to grow a perennial onion on a feather at home: how to sow and care for crops in order to constantly have fresh greens at hand.
Batun onion: growing on a windowsill
If you want to get batun onions by growing at home, we choose one of the options: balcony or indoor.
Getting greenery on the balconies is possible from April to October, on the windowsills - constantly, for 1-2 years.
But in balcony conditions, the onion grows faster, and it turns out to be stronger and more juicy, and therefore experienced gardeners advise to transplant part of the seedlings obtained from seeds on the window onto the balcony.
The best harvests of onion greens grow on the south, east and west windows and balconies. We learn to grow a batun onion on the windowsill.
How to plant a batun onion at home
How to plant batun onions with seeds on a balcony or windowsill? First, we prepare them for sowing:
- We buy seeds of a trampoline with high germination, preferably fresh, which are no more than a year or two old.
- We soak them for 12 hours in warm water to activate.
- We place the achenes in a pink solution of manganese for disinfection, and dry them for ease of sowing.
We sow the prepared seeds in boxes with a light fertile substrate, into which sand can be added. We spill the soil with warm water and sow achenes to a depth of 1.5 cm, after which we water it from a spray bottle and put it in a warm place, covering it with a film.
Batun onion: how to grow seedlings on a windowsill
If you want to start growing batun onions from seeds on a windowsill, it is important to know how to care for them. When sprouts appear, remove the plastic wrap and put the box on a cool, light windowsill, where the temperature is not higher than 18 degrees.
We take care of the indoor baton according to the following scheme:
Lighting
In months with short daylight hours, the batun needs full-fledged lighting: 4 hours a day we illuminate it with phytolamps or other lighting devices.
Thanks to this care, the onion will grow faster and build up a green mass of bright green feathers.
Watering
Since onions love moisture, we carefully monitor that the soil does not dry out.
In the summer, we water it more often and more abundantly, in the rest of the year we carry out moderate watering with water at room temperature.
Watering the onion is also useless: so that the roots do not rot, and the onion does not grow pale and weak, we use boxes or pots with drainage at the bottom and holes: excess moisture will drain onto the pallet, from where it needs to be drained.
Temperature regime
Having decided on where and how to plant a batun onion at home, we will find out what temperature it needs for normal growth. It easily tolerates temperature changes: if it is cool on the window, the leaf grows more slowly, but it becomes juicy, strong and bright green.
If it is hot at home (about 28-30 degrees), the feather grows back faster, but becomes pale and weak.
The ideal option is to maintain the temperature in the range of 18-23 ° C.
Air humidity
In the room where the trampoline seedlings are located, the humidity level should be maintained at 70-75%.
Top dressing of the batun
Growing a batuna onion at home involves regular feeding: without them, the onion quickly crushes and turns pale. We fertilize the onion twice a month with watering with a solution of complex mineral fertilizers, diluting them according to the instructions, and add vermicompost once a month.
In a warm season, once a month, we season the ground with an infusion of grass, soaking 150 g of any weeds or nettle in 5 liters of water and keeping it for three days.
The first fresh greens of the onion of a batun grown on the windowsill are obtained after 50-60 days from the moment of germination, cutting off the feathers not all at once, but selectively.
Now you know that growing onions from seeds on a windowsill is more than realistic and even an inexperienced gardener can do it. If you want to eat fresh greens that are chemically grown and provide far more benefits than industrially cultivated greens, grow them yourself.
Onion
Published by 11.01.2015 |
The onion is well-deservedly popular. It is very rich in vitamin C - twice as much as onions. It grows as fast as chives, but the volume of greens will be larger. Over time, the nib becomes noticeably coarse. Cutting is carried out about once every 30 - 35 days. To carry out the cultivation of onions, a trampoline at home - 2 - 3-year-old bushes of the plant in October - November, when the first frosts come to an end, they dig out a lump of soil about 10 cm thick with further transplantation into pots (boxes) and select an illuminated window sill for them.
Planting is convenient to carry out with holes, each with 10-12 seeds. Between the foci - 5 cm each (in a row and in the middle of them). The wells are sprinkled with earth a little and watered conscientiously. With such a time frame, the first shoots will appear in early March. If the landing is not for wholesales, it makes sense to make greenhouses from improvised means. So, it is convenient to put twigs on the sides of the trays, and just put a plastic bag on top. The house has such an advantage as no wind. No fortifications are required.
The general care scheme is simple. It consists of:
glaze,
loosening,
weeding.
During a certain period of growth, the onion lifts the film. Then it is enough to simply remove it. If the cultivation at home is completed on this, you can plant the seedlings in the ground. Better to wait until the end of May, when the ground is no longer frozen. There are no difficulties in landing. It looks more like a transshipment, since each bundle is pulled out with a clod of earth.
It takes time, at least two weeks, for the onion to take root. This period lasts especially long in bad weather. In July it will be possible to admire the exuberant ripening. Trampoline onions come in different varieties and germination rates may vary.
How the batun is grown
Growing onions is a simple task. It has a very useful top. The bulb itself is not well developed. One container should hold several seeds - up to five plants. If the time comes for planting in the greenhouse, the formed groups are placed no closer than 15 cm from each other. Three-year-old onions are especially suitable for indoor cultivation.
Many hobbyists grow onions at home without fertilizers. If you use the scheme proposed above, then it is not necessary to plant landings in summer cottages. Onions feel great on the balcony, in drawers and individual pots. Onions are planted in different conditions, that is, the recommendations given are not strict requirements. It makes sense to apply top dressing before planting. So, while the growing period is in progress, a single watering of the plant with a solution of nitrate is enough. For 10 liters, 30 grams is required.
All onions are demanding for soil moisture. The soil must be thoroughly moistened. But if you do this often, the bulb can rot. You also need to remember that at home absorption is carried out differently, and it is not necessary to allow stagnation of liquid or fertilizers in the container.
When onions are grown in winter, careful monitoring of the temperature is required. If the air is cold, greens will not sprout. If it is possible to recreate the temperature not lower than + 12C, then this will be enough. During the day, it should be at least + 19C.
In the house, onions are more protected from pests. Recall that he is threatened from outside:
black mold,
onion fly,
tobacco thrips
and many others. If this nevertheless happened at home, it makes sense to follow the cultivars agricultural technology. If weeds appear - this is possible when the soil is taken from the garden - they must be removed immediately.
At home, hobbyists use all kinds of boxes, bowls, containers and suitable pallets. Their depth should be at least 7 cm. Two containers are especially suitable, that is, it makes sense to prepare containers for conveyor, uninterrupted cultivation of batun onions at home. The larger the production, the stricter the requirements. There are many special techniques for growing onions. Outwardly, such devices resemble a horizontal solarium, and their work has much in common, except for the possibility of working with soil.
The soil is selected with a specific composition. It can be a mixture of fine expanded clay with fine gravel or sand. First, the substrate is thoroughly washed. To do this, use a hot concentrated solution of potassium permanganate and running water. The containers should be filled with this composition by 3-4 cm. The substrate is poured with water so that it is 1 cm above the surface level. Prepared bulbs are dipped into the mixture, keeping a distance of two centimeters between them. Excessive deepening is not required. The bulbs are watered every other day. The water should be lukewarm.
If you stick to the hydroponics method we have already touched upon, you don't have to suffer with plastic bottles. It is more convenient to use a shallow pallet. The water should cover the bulbs by a quarter. They are laid in a row in an upright position. Don't forget to harvest in two weeks.
There is information that Asia is the homeland of the onion-batun. At the moment, large plantations of onions in their natural environment can be found in China, Siberia and Japan. As a cultivated plant, onion is found literally all over the world and is cultivated exclusively for its green feather, which has a much more delicate, mellow taste than that of onions (it practically does not leave an unpleasant "aftertaste" after itself).
Batun onion, or Tatarka, or Fist onion (Allium fistulosum)
Batun onion (Allium fistulosum), or, as it is also called, the onion, Tatar, Chinese or even sand onion, is a herbaceous perennial culture belonging to the species of the genus Onion.
The onion bulbs are oblong and practically undeveloped. The stem, being absolutely full inside, sometimes reaches a considerable height - up to one meter (and sometimes more). The leaves have a fist-shaped shape, they are wider than that of common onions. During the flowering period of the onion, you can see its wonderful, large and ball-shaped umbrellas, which are composed of a large number of smaller flowers.
You can grow a bunch of onions by sowing seeds, or multiply by simply dividing the bush into parts (after lubricating the parts with wood ash and slightly drying them). Also, when growing onions, the seedling method of growing is often used. They use the seedling method if the greens need to be obtained as early as possible, but you forgot about the winter sowing of this onion last year.
Content:
- Growing seedlings of onion-batuna
- Sowing onion seeds
- Seedling care
- Planting seedlings in open ground
- Soil for onions
- After what crops can you plant a bunch of onions?
- Sowing onions in open ground
- Onions on the windowsill
- Outdoor care for onions
- Watering the onion
- Top dressing onions
- Pests and diseases of onion-batun
- Harvesting and storage of onions
- Varieties of onion-batuna
Growing seedlings of onion-batuna Sowing seeds of onion-batuna
Oddly enough, growing onion-batuna in a seedling way is almost the most reliable option for reproducing this plant. The seedling method of obtaining onion-batuna is especially popular in the countries of the East, and this is simply explained. When using an annual culture of cultivation of onion-batuna, the likelihood of damage to plants by diseases is significantly reduced, and, of course, the receipt of green mass on the table is accelerated, which also cannot but rejoice.
Usually, sowing of onion seeds for seedlings is carried out in the second decade of April, sometimes a little earlier, and they start planting seedlings in the beds in the second decade of June. This technology of onion production contributes to the provision of fresh herbs to people in September. During this period, it can be collected along with false bulbs.
Of course, if you want to grow high-quality onion seedlings, you need to take care of high-quality soil. Usually gardeners make such a mixture - part of the humus and part of the sod soil are well mixed in equal proportions, then 150-200 g of wood ash (good potash fertilizer containing about 5% potassium) is put in a ten-liter bucket of the mixture obtained and 80-85 are added there g nitroammofoski, then the composition is thoroughly mixed. If you took the ingredients not from your site and you are not sure of them, then it is advisable to disinfect the resulting composition by steaming in the oven for an hour, but if you are afraid that such "execution" will kill all possible microbes in the soil composition (as positive, and negative), then just spill the composition with a 2 - 3% solution of potassium permanganate.
When the composition is ready and containers at least 15 cm high with drainage holes in the base and a centimeter thick drainage layer of pebbles for sowing are also ready, it is necessary to start preparing the seeds for sowing. For these purposes, the seeds of onion-batuna must be soaked for 24 hours in melt or rain water, changing the water twice during this period. Further, after removing them from the water, they must be wrapped in a cloth and kept for a couple of days in the lower shelf of the refrigerator. After this time, it remains to dry the seeds on a dry cloth to a state of flowability and can be sown in a box or other container. Sowing of onion seeds should be carried out into the substrate with an embedding of 1.5-3 cm into it, not deeper. It is better to place the grooves in the boxes, retreating from each other by 5-6 cm. If there are no boxes, then you should not be upset, the seeds can be completely sown in pots only 6-7 cm in size, five or seven pieces each. Such sowing, by the way, has a name - bouquet, and if someone tried to sow this way, then be sure to write in the comments - is it convenient.
After sowing, the seeds need to be lightly, about one and a half centimeters, sprinkled with fresh and loose soil, then level the surface and lightly roll in, compacting. Further, literally a couple of centimeters of clean river sand can be poured over the rolled and compacted soil. Only after that, the seedlings can be watered, of course, watering should not be carried out from a watering can or a jar, only a spray bottle is needed here so that all these layers are not washed out and in no case washed the seeds to the surface. After watering (liter per square meter, for which it is better to use thawed or rainwater at room temperature), before the shoots appear, cover the containers with plastic wrap or glass and place them in a room where the temperature would fluctuate from 18 to 21 degrees above zero.
Seedlings of onion-batun seeds
As soon as you see the seedlings above the soil surface, the film must be removed, and the boxes or containers must be transferred to the southern windowsill, but not in a very warm room, ideally, the room should be about 10-11 degrees Celsius. Every other day, you need to try in this room to maintain the temperature at the level of 14-16 degrees Celsius during the daytime, and lower it to 11-13 degrees at night.In the event that it is not possible to accurately regulate the temperature in the room, then you can simply open the vents and doors, the main thing is not to create drafts.
Before the seedlings get stronger, it will be necessary to maintain additional lighting, because at this time the sun rises late, but goes to bed early, and the seedlings will simply not have enough sunlight. Ideally, the onion needs 14 hours, that is, a fairly long daylight hours. For these purposes, you can buy an ordinary phytolamp or an LED lamp and fix it above the seedlings of onion-batun so that the height to it is equal to 26-28 cm.In the first three days after the additional lighting is fixed, it is necessary not to turn it off at all so that the plants accustomed to this kind of light, then the backlight can be turned off at six in the morning and turned on at eight in the evening.
We decided with the light, now watering. Watering of onion seedlings should be carried out often, but very moderately, it is impossible to allow neither the soil to dry out, nor its waterlogging.
After about seven days, as shoots appear above the soil surface, it is necessary to fertilize, first by adding 2.5 g of superphosphate dissolved in water per square meter of soil, then 2.5 g of potassium sulfate, also dissolved in water, per square meter soil. When the first true leaf appears in the onion seedlings, it is necessary to thin out the seedlings in such a way that there is a distance of three centimeters between the seedlings.
About ten days before transplanting the onion seedlings into open ground, the seedlings need to be hardened. The simplest thing to start with is to open vents and doors more often and for a longer period of time. After a couple of days, if a cold snap is not expected, you can try to take out the seedlings first for the day, and then for the night on the site.
Planting seedlings in open ground
Usually, onion seedlings are planted in the garden without fear in the second decade of June, by this period there is definitely no risk of recurrent frosts, and the soil will be well warmed up and loose. Those seedlings that have well-developed roots and three or four fully formed leaves are fully ready for planting. Also, for greater confidence, you can inspect the thickness of the stem at the base, it should be about five millimeters. The seedling age itself should be equal to two months.
In fact, planting onions is no different from planting seedlings of any vegetable crop. All you need to do is, on the soil prepared according to all the above rules, dig holes 11-13 cm deep in a row and leave a couple of tens of centimeters for row spacing, and then plant seedlings in them. It is advisable to add a handful of wood ash at the base, moisten the soil and place the seedlings strictly vertically, pressing the soil. Then pour and mulch with humus with a layer of one centimeter.
Soil for onions
A good onion is that it is not at all demanding on heat, like, say, onions. Even if you plant it in a small partial shade, it will still give a good harvest. But as for the type of soil, then the whims are obvious: the onion loves fertile soil, with plenty of moisture, with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction. Gardeners believe that loam and sandy loam are ideal soils for it.
In their homeland, the onion most often grows in wet and low-lying areas. However, on such soil, spring and rain water quite often stagnates, and there it can begin to shoot quickly, therefore, you will not taste its delicate leaves.
If nothing else remains but to plant the onion on acidic soil, then "refine" it first: add 250 g of wood ash per square meter of the future bed, and this should be done at least six months before planting the seedlings. Or even in the fall, add 200 g of lime to the soil for digging.
In general, the preparation of the soil for the onion-batun is a rather responsible business. Why? This culture is perennial, in one place it can grow not for a year or two, but for five years. Therefore, in addition to loosening, digging the soil, removing weeds and deacidifying the soil, it must be enriched by adding 4-6 kg of humus or compost per square meter (preferably in autumn), 18-19 g of potassium sulfate, 32-35 g of superphosphate, and about 25 g of ammonium nitrate, all this, of course, for digging.
Young seedlings of batun onions, planted in the ground
The predecessors are also an important topic - the spring onion will grow best if green manure crops, legumes, tomatoes or cabbage have previously grown in this place, but if garlic, onions, cucumbers, carrots or batun onions grew, then it is better to wait a year least.
Sowing onions in open ground
Few people know that the onion in open ground can be sown more than once a season, and not even two, but three. The most optimal dates are April, June and July, as well as October and November. The late autumn period, which is more correctly called sub-winter sowing, is usually carried out with the same purpose as in the spring: very early you can get the first greens at the table.
When planting before winter, it is not worth preparing the plot too early, the best option is summer, but as soon as the temperature drops significantly and becomes within a couple of degrees of heat, then the seeds, without any preliminary cultivation of seedlings, can be sown to a depth of about a couple of centimeters, if the soil of the site is heavy, and to a slightly greater depth (3-4 cm), if light, because there they can freeze through much faster. The distance between the rows for late autumn sowing can be left the same - about two tens of centimeters. After sowing, the site must be well leveled, compacted and be sure to mulch with humus, with a layer of a couple of centimeters. Some resourceful gardeners also throw a pair of spruce paws from above - they keep the snow well.
As soon as spring comes, the bed with late autumn crops of onion-batuna needs to be opened, but not completely. After the humus is removed, it is necessary to cover the soil (bed) with plastic wrap to create a greenhouse effect for the seeds, and so that they germinate faster. It is interesting that if everything turned out well, then the onion sown in late autumn begins to sprout almost with the first rays of the sun. As soon as the seedlings appear, then after about a week they can be safely thinned out.
Onions on the windowsill
Strange as it may seem, you can even grow onion on a regular windowsill, say, if you either do not have a piece of land at all, or there is no place on it for this culture. You can grow (drive out) a bunch of onions on the windowsill right in the middle of the winter cold. All that is required for this is in the autumn period (usually October) to dig a two-year or three-year-old plant from the soil, always with an earthen lump, so as not to damage the roots and plant in pots and containers that have mandatory drainage holes in the base and a drainage layer in the form pebbles, 0.5 cm thick; the container itself should be 12-15% wider than the earthen clod of the dug plant. Further, the dug plant remains, without destroying the earthen lump, plant it in a pot and put it in a room with a temperature of about 18-21 degrees Celsius and humidity at 80%. Usually in a month you will definitely enjoy fresh green onions.
Growing onion in the open field
Growing onions is not difficult at all, it is watering, loosening the soil, removing weeds, applying top dressing and protecting against pests and diseases.
The very initial loosening should be carried out as soon as the seedlings grow up, that is, a week after they appear on the soil surface. During the season, it will be necessary to carry out five or six loosening of the soil on these plants.Loosening of the soil can be combined with the removal of weeds in the bust area and near the plants. If you do not want to often loosen the soil and remove weeds, then you can mulch the soil surface with humus with a layer of a couple of centimeters.
Watering the onion
The onion is considered a moisture-loving culture, therefore, in natural nature, it settles in places where there is more moisture. For this reason, the soil will have to be moistened moderately but constantly. Ideally, the soil in an open area should be saturated with moisture to a depth of 17-19 cm.
Of course, natural precipitation must also be taken into account: for example, if it rains often, then watering may not be necessary at all. In normal weather, watering a couple of times a week is enough, and if it is very hot, then every other day. When watering, try to use settled water at room temperature, for example, rainwater from a barrel.
Top dressing onions
We haven't mentioned much about top dressing. After planting the seedlings on the bed, it is necessary to add a mullein solution dissolved 10 times or an infusion of chicken manure diluted 15 times. The norm is 25-30 g per well when planting seedlings. If the soil is rich, then, as we already wrote, a handful of wood ash, previously moistened with water, is enough.
In the future, trimming can be done only once, because the onion accumulates nitrates well. Re-feeding can be carried out 10-12 days after the first, after loosening and watering the soil and pouring 50-70 g of wood ash under each bush.
Pests and diseases of onion-batun
It has been noticed that on good, nutritious soil, plants practically do not get sick and are not affected by pests, but sometimes this still happens. Often the onion is suffering from onion weevil, onion fire and onion fly.
Onion fire literally eats the leaves from the inside, leaving only a thin peel. You can use approved insecticides, such as Fufanon, to combat it, but strictly following the instructions on the package.
Onion weevil, - he makes punctures on the leaves of onions and sucks the juice out of them, and the weevil larvae bite into the leaves and feed on their contents.
Onion fly, - its larvae feed on the contents of the onion bulb.
All of them can be killed by insecticides, if you strictly adhere to the instructions for their use.
Of the diseases, the onion strikes peronosporosiscovering leaf blades gray-purple mold, preparations based on copper are effective against it, say, HOM, oxychom and the like, a couple of treatments are usually enough with them.
In order not to let pests into your area at all, you need to observe crop rotation, not thicken the plantings, not overfill the plants with water, fight weeds, loosen the soil and pay attention to the plants more often. For example, at the initial stages of the appearance of a moth, it is necessary to treat the plants with a solution of mustard powder (a tablespoon per bucket of water), and from an onion fly, water the plants with potato tops infusion a couple of times per season (a kilogram of tops per bucket of water, the norm per square meter) or plant nearby a garden bed with carrots.
Blooming onion
As you know, the onion grows for the sake of greenery, only a thickening, called a false bulb, is formed in the soil during the season. You can harvest greens from mid-summer until autumn, since the green mass is constantly growing. The next year, when the onions are over a year old, you can start cutting the greens in early spring, as soon as they appear. You need to stop cutting 35-45 days before the onset of cold weather, so that the bulb is prepared for wintering. Thus, in one season, the crop can be removed from two (on young plants) to four times (on adults).
You can cut the greens as soon as they reach a height of 18-23 cm. Cutting must be done at the soil surface, after which the leaves must be tied in bunches, cooled and placed in the refrigerator, wrapped in a plastic bag.
In the event that for some reason you need to dig up the onion bulbs and keep them in this form until spring, then try to put them in the refrigerator, where the temperature is about a degree, and what is important - do not cut the leaves on the bulbs.
Varieties of onion-batuna
In the State Register of Breeding Achievements at the moment there are exactly 50 varieties of this culture, of which it is worth paying attention to the novelties of 2017: Gulden, Zelenets, Krasny, Puchkovsky, Fist and Chipollino.
Batun onions are grown in amateur vegetable growing, mainly as a perennial crop. But today a unique technology for growing it, like an annual plant, has appeared. This way, the harvest can be more abundant, of better quality, and the plants are less damaged by common problematic onion diseases such as powdery mildew. For cultivation in both perennial and annual crops, a special selection variety of "Aprelsky" onion is suitable. His agricultural technique differs from the cultivation of all other onions close to the baton - slime, fragrant, chives.
April batun onion: planting and care
Advantages of the April onion
Onion-batun "April" is a vegetable of increased value. It has many properties that other members of the species do not have.
- Getting the earliest, very first vitamins. "April" onions appear literally from under the snow and provide vitamin products at the very beginning of spring, when there is an urgent need for them.
- If grown under a film, the plants reach full consumer maturity (feather length from 35 cm) already in April.
- It contains three times more ascorbic acid than in onions and twice as much as in green feathers of other representatives of the onion family.
However, with long-term cultivation in one place, more than 3-4 years, the vegetable gradually loses its valuable qualities. The plant begins to produce many flower arrows, to the detriment of nutritional characteristics and appearance.
Important! To improve the quality of the products, the Aprelsky onion was grown as an annual. And it turned out to be effective.
One-year spring onion gives a yield of 1.5 times more
Annual Batun Onion:
- gives a yield 1.5 times higher than perennial;
- the quality of the crop is improved by 80%;
- at a young age, plants do not infect dangerous diseases.
Agrotechnics
Agrotechnical measures for the Aprelsky bow are of a similar nature to other bows. As for the growing conditions, there are significant differences.
- The plant should not be placed in low areas with stagnant water.
- Soils with high acidity are not suitable for him.
- On sandstones and peat bogs, the vegetable shoots, and the meaning of its cultivation for the sake of succulent leaves is lost.
- The onion does not tolerate the neighborhood of weeds. Planting it on soils inhabited by perennial weeds is useless.
- It does not grow or grows poorly in poor, infertile soils.
Batun onions do not grow on soils with high acidity
Soil preparation
A plot of land with fertile sandy loam or light loamy soil is most suitable for growing April onions. The plot should be accessible for regular watering as the onions need moisture. At the same time, the land must be drained.
The predecessors are all melons, crucifers, potatoes. These plants leave behind weed-free soil. Organic matter is usually introduced under them.
Onions grow well in soil with humus
For enrichment, it is good to add humus. In addition to organic matter, a vitamin vegetable will also need mineral supplements in the form of ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride, and superphosphate. This trinity must be applied for sowing at 30/20/40 grams per square meter. While organic matter will be more useful in autumn.
In the fall, the ridge is prepared for both one-year and perennial "April" onions - the introduction of organic matter in combination with autumn processing of the site.This means a minimum of deep digging on the shovel bayonet. In spring, harrowing is carried out (to retain moisture in the soil for a longer period), loosening to a depth of about 12 cm and filling with mineral granules.
Seed preparation
Aprelsky onion seeds are sown at the end of April
The seeds of the Aprelsky onion-batuna should be sown into open ground at the end of April. You can do the seeding in portions until July.
By the way! For a batun, which will be sown later, you can prepare a ridge and fill it with spicy herbs (dill, early ripening salads), early radish, spinach. Sowing onions after harvesting early vegetables and herbs.
To prepare for sowing, the seeds must be soaked in water, and then in micronutrient fertilizer dissolved with water. It is not necessary to hold for a long time so that the seeds do not bite - sowing the hatched seeds is not easy to carry out.
Before sowing, onion seeds must be soaked
The bubbling method is widely used for the preparation of batun seeds. It can be done if you have an aquarium in your house. This is the immersion of seeds in water, simultaneously with the supply of air. Onion-batun "April" reacts to this procedure with early emergence of shoots, a week earlier. In addition, bubbling onion seeds increases its yield by 30%.
Sowing in the garden
When sowing, the soil must be well moistened.
The seeding rate of the "Aprelsky" trampoline for long-term cultivation is one - two grams per meter, for one-year cultivation, the rate can be raised to three grams. This will give a gentle feather and raise yields.
There are two ways to place the trampoline on the garden bed:
- three double rows;
- five double rows.
Three rows are preferable - this arrangement greatly facilitates maintenance.
Sowing onion "April"
Sowing takes place in shallow grooves, no deeper than 2 cm. After sowing, the sprinkled groove must be compacted and watered.
If sowing occurs very early, with the likelihood of severe cold weather, you can cover the bed with a film or a covering element (lutrasil, spunbond). Shelter is especially needed at night. Under it, the temperature will be 5 degrees higher than outside, which will accelerate germination.
Advice! As soon as the first shoots have appeared, the polyethylene must be removed immediately, but the lutrasil and other non-woven material must be left. It will create comfortable conditions for further germination and protect delicate seedlings from pests that are greedy for young greens.
Video - Tips for growing batuna onions
Aprelsky onion care
In the year of sowing, if the crop is grown by a perennial, the care measures are simple.
- Watering.
- Loosening.
- Weeding.
- Top dressing.
Loosening is a mandatory procedure for the April bow. For the first time, it must be carried out as early as possible, literally immediately after the emergence of shoots. There is a little trick on how not to damage the thin onion sprouts when doing the first loosening. During sowing, you need to add (mix with) some seeds of an early lettuce or another crop to the seeds of the onion, or another crop, which quickly emerges and becomes noticeable in the garden. According to this "lighthouse" culture, loosening of the grooves is carried out strictly along the aisles.
Loosening is a mandatory procedure for "April" onions
There should be at least six loosening per season. They are carried out after watering.
What are the benefits of loosening
- When loosening, 90% of the weeds are destroyed, which would otherwise have to be weeded out by hand.
- It promotes better moisture retention at the roots.
- The destruction of the soil crust improves air exchange in the soil.
Top dressing for the first time is carried out thirty days after germination. There is a complete mineral fertilizer in grams - 15 per square meter (azofoska, nitrophoska, nitroammophoska). The second time they are fed after two months - with potash fertilizer at the same rate. The first feeding promotes growth, the second is designed to help a good wintering.
Top dressing of onions for the first time is carried out thirty days after germination
In the second year, as soon as the snow began to melt, all plant residues of the onion are removed from the ridge, the soil is fertilized with nitrogen, the bed is covered with covering material.
Advice! The shelter is able to accelerate the shoots of the trampoline in the second year up to ten days. If you water the soil under the shelter with warm water, the seedlings will appear a week earlier.
As for irrigation, the "April" onion does not bring dryness to the soil as much as the dryness of the soil. Dryness of the soil will drastically reduce the quality of products, the batun will go into the arrow. Therefore, the humidity must be constantly monitored by controlling its level.
Onion-batun "April" does not tolerate dry and swampy soil
Basic agrotechnical parameters
| Soil acidity | Does not tolerate acidic soils - they need to be limed |
| Watering features | Once every week with a water consumption per square meter of the ridge - 10 liters |
| Soil fertility | Fertile, organic-rich are preferred |
| Top dressing | In autumn - organic matter up to 5 kg per square meter of the garden. In the spring - ammofoska or other full complex |
| Predecessors | Legumes, cabbage, potatoes, pumpkins, zucchini, green manure |
| Pests | Onion fly and moth, rot, black mold, fusarium, powdery mildew, stem nematode, onion rust. You can cope with folk methods (ash, soap, tobacco) |
Growing "April" onions as an annual
In an annual crop for this variety, sowing seeds for seedlings can be used as an agronomic method. This will allow you to get food greens within a month and a half after transferring the seedlings to the ground. In the middle of July there is every chance to taste the green April onion of this year's harvest.
Planting onion seedlings
- Onion-batun "April" is grown by "bouquet" sowing. Seeds (prepared, as in the case of sowing in the ground with a perennial), 5-6 pieces are sown in small five-centimeter cups.
- The soil is fertile, peat mixture with the addition of sand.
- The pots are installed in a large box, which is covered with foil until germination. 4. After germination, the film is removed, and the boxes with pots are sent to a film or polycarbonate greenhouse, if such is present on the site.
- Seedlings are planted in the ground when it has 3-4 leaves. Rows 20 cm apart, plants in a row 10 cm apart.
Seedling "April" onion
Harvesting green onions
You can harvest once, or you can remove the greens in two cuts, and the bulbs in the third stage. This is if it is grown as an annual. For perennial cultivation, the bulbs do not need to be harvested.
