How to grow chrysanthemums at home in a pot for beginners?

Chrysanthemums (chrysanthemum indicum), unlike dahlias and gerberas, have a home or potted variety adapted for growing at home. Small bushes of indoor flowers are sold in stores, decorate window sills, balconies and garden plots around the world. Such chrysanthemums are especially loved by the Japanese and the British. Flowers are used not only to decorate the site, but also create luxurious bouquets with their help.

1 About the plant

The birthplace of flowers is China. In the 5th century, Confucius wrote about the elixir of youth from yellow chrysanthemums, which was created by a healer for the imperial court. On October 9 each year, the plant acquires special strength, which can give spiritual energy, youth and clarity of mind. For flowers to give health, they must be picked by the hands of people with a pure soul and good thoughts. Usually chrysanthemums are collected by children. In Japan, plants are considered the imperial flower. There is a festival where everyone drinks sake with yellow petals.

Many varieties of potted chrysanthemums have been created, which are adapted to growing at home on window sills, balconies and loggias. They have a height of no more than 50 cm and are divided into large-flowered (up to 5 cm) and small-flowered (up to 2.5 cm). Chrysanthemums have different shapes and colors. Vases with flowers are convenient because they can be placed around the house or plot. Containers with them are placed along garden paths, stairs, lawns and flower beds.

The type of indoor chrysanthemums belongs to the Asteraceae family. Cuttings are grown artificially in greenhouses using drugs that slow down their development. Therefore, it is possible to obtain miniature specimens. The method was developed in Japan and does not affect the quality and healing properties of flowers.

Potted chrysanthemums have their own characteristics:

• perennial and annual varieties;
• plant leaves are narrow and pointed, light green in color;
• the buds are small, but they form lush inflorescences;
• the root system does not develop deep into the pot, but horizontally, along the soil surface.

Potted chrysanthemums can grow and bloom for many years. A wide variety of varieties have been bred:

• ampelous and cascading;
• lush undersized plants - 15 cm and tall - up to 70 cm;
• large-flowered with a bud diameter of up to 5 cm;
• small - up to 2.5 cm;
• with a spherical bush.

You can make a mix - a collection of indoor chrysanthemums from varieties with different flowering periods:

• early starts in mid-August;
• medium - from mid-September (Zembla is popular);
• late flowering period begins in November-December.

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2 Cultivation

Before buying indoor chrysanthemums or cuttings, you must follow a few rules:

• carefully examine the plant;
• evaluate for the density of all parts and stem;
• pay attention to the health of the specimen, the density of its leaves and strength, insects should not crawl over the flower.

DOma chrysanthemum must be placed separately from other plants for 3 quarantine weeks. In a difficult period of adaptation in new (different from the nursery) conditions, the flower is susceptible to diseases. If the soil turns out to be of poor quality, then it must be transplanted into another soil.

This requires a pot, drainage (pebbles, polystyrene, expanded clay, coal) and loose nutritious soil. The stalk is planted shallow, since its root system is located on the soil surface. After that, it is watered. Home care for growing chrysanthemums has two phases. This is summer, meaning:

1. 1. Lighting. Chrysanthemums do not like direct sunlight. From them, the buds dry out, so a short sun is preferable. Its brightness and time can be adjusted by curtains and blinds, thereby speeding up or slowing down the flowering of chrysanthemums. Usually, they immediately choose a slightly shaded and cool place on the west or east side. But not from the north, where flowers can wither from lack of light.
2. 2. Air temperature. Chrysanthemum is an autumn plant. For long and abundant flowering, the air temperature in summer must be maintained no more than + 18 ° C, otherwise the plant's leaves turn yellow and buds wither. It is necessary to ventilate the room, as flowers are picky about air quality. Chrysanthemums grown independently in pots become less capricious to temperature changes.
3. 3. Watering. Flowers prefer moderate moisture, but do not tolerate dry soil well. You can water it with rainwater or add 2 drops of ammonia per 1 liter to it. The frequency of moistening is determined by how dry the soil in the pots is, since the roots of flowers do not grow in depth, but on the surface of the soil. Chrysanthemums love moist and cool air, so you need to spray the bushes daily, bathe them 2 times a month, or put a humidifier next to them. As the latter, you can use a jar or bottle of water. The flowers are adapted for growing on a shaded balcony or loggia. It is necessary to cut off dried stems and buds.
4. 4. Top dressing. Chrysanthemums are fertilized once every 12 days, using organic or mineral materials: during the growth of the bush - with nitrogen content, and before flowering - with potassium and phosphorus. After the buds bloom, feeding is stopped, leaving only watering.
5. 5. Pinching. When there is an intensive growth of chrysanthemums, it is necessary to pinch the tops of the plant so that it does not stretch in height, does not become long, crooked, one-sided and unsympathetic. After that, dormant buds awaken, the bush spreads, remaining low. To achieve miniature chrysanthemums, some people buy a special growth retardant. Before flowering, pinching is not carried out. It starts in mid-August and lasts until the end of November.

You need to take care of plants in winter. After the chrysanthemums have faded, it is necessary to arrange a “vacation” for them so that they retain their decorativeness, beauty and give buds next spring. Before resting, the bushes are cut to a height of 15 cm, transplanted into fresh soil and kept in containers at an air temperature of about + 8 ° C. For example:

1. 1. On the veranda and loggia, where there is sufficient lighting.
2. 2.On the windowsills of the apartment, choosing the coolest place for this.
3. 3. In a dry basement at home or in a cellar.

Plants are watered no more than once a week. Potted chrysanthemums must be transplanted into flowerpots more than the previous ones before wintering. Since the plants are unpretentious to the composition of the soil, they use soil for this, to which humus, peat and leaf compost are added (soil from rotted leaves of trees collected in heaps for decay - it is weakly acidic, easily absorbed, loose and quickly absorbs moisture).

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3 Breeding methods

The first breeding method is division. One chrysanthemum bush gives up to 4 shoots. Having carefully separated the roots from each other, they are planted in a container with soil, 3-5 pieces each. Subject to all the rules, chrysanthemums bloom in the spring.

The second way is grafting. From the bush, you need to cut off shoots 8 cm long, treat them with heteroauxin or Kornevin, and plant them to a depth of 1-1.5 cm in a container with loose and nutritious soil. Cover with foil to create a greenhouse effect inside. Raise it several times a month to prevent fungus from appearing on the cuttings. When they manage to germinate up to 15 cm, the top must be pinched so that a beautiful bush will form later.

It is possible to propagate chrysanthemums and seeds, but this is a laborious process that is mainly used by breeders.

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4 Care after winter

The necessary spring works are carried out in mid-March. For novice florists, the step-by-step process is as follows:

1. 1. Transplant the plant into a new nutrient soil. For one undersized potted chrysanthemum, a container with a diameter of 9 cm is suitable. For 3 plants - 11 cm. Plant all 3 cuttings along the edges of the pot with an outward slope.
2. 2. Place the flower in a sunny place.
3. 3. Start regular watering and feeding the plant with nitrogen fertilizers. The first one can be done only after 2 weeks. For the rate of growth of green mass, it is necessary to fertilize with nitrogen fertilizers, and just before flowering - with phosphorus and potassium. To get strong and healthy specimens, stimulants and regulators can be used.

A little later, you need to prune the chrysanthemum so that its shape is beautiful, and pinch fresh shoots so that the plant remains miniature.

Indoor flowers can be planted outdoors in spring. This provides them with fast growth and abundant flowering. In late autumn, they are carefully dug out without damaging the root system, transplanted into containers with prepared soil and placed in a place comfortable for wintering. Watering is carried out once a week.

If the chrysanthemums have not bloomed, this means that the rules for growing and caring for them were not followed. This could be the result:

• untimely trimming;
• lack of sunlight;
• lack of feeding or its excess;
• improperly selected soil.

Diseases of potted chrysanthemums:

1. 1. Spider mite. To remove it, you need to wipe all parts of the plant with a sponge moistened with soapy water. Then you need to rinse the flower under a warm shower.
2. 2. Light ash bloom on leaves and buds is powdery mildew, a fungus that appears in a very humid environment. For treatment, spray with a fungicide and put the chrysanthemum in a dry place.
3. 3. Grayish fluffy bloom and brownish spots on the leaves are gray rot. During treatment, the plant is sprayed with Fundazole, after which the flower is placed in the sun.
4. 4. If brown spots with a yellow border on the leaves appear on a chrysanthemum, this is the activity of a red spider mite. It appears at low air humidity. To combat it, Fundazol is used. At the same time, you need to reduce the frequency of watering.

 

The potted chrysanthemum is a vibrant and attractive plant with lush flowers in a variety of hues. When it is acquired, in order to create favorable conditions for its development, it is necessary to observe simple, but very important rules. The plant will surely respond with gratitude by decorating the windowsill of any room. Many gardeners use it to decorate balconies in summer and autumn.

Chrysanthemums in a pot: the best varieties

One of the most popular plant species is bush chrysanthemum, used for growing outdoors. It has long and tall stems, decorated with inflorescences. In indoor conditions, preference is given to more compact and undersized varieties and their types.

Today, thanks to breeding work, you can grow chrysanthemums with almost any color of flowers in your home.

The most suitable species and varieties for growing in pots
Chrysanthemum Chinese, or mulberry	The plant is a hybrid, the appearance of which is the result of a long selection, which lasted several centuries, of chrysanthemums from China and Japan. Ideal for potting because it reaches a height of 30–100 cm, excluding pruning. Lush flowering, on strong stems with leaves 5-7 cm long, there are both individual large flowers and inflorescences in the form of bolls
Shrub chrysanthemum	The homeland of this species is the area of ​​the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean. The height of the plants does not exceed 1 m.Its inflorescences in the form of baskets have a diameter of approximately 5 cm.Thanks to the ability of the shrub chrysanthemum to adapt well to new conditions, it feels great at home or on the balcony in pots and containers
Chrysanthemum indian	Often found in flower shops in pots. At home, the height of the bush is 15–70 cm. The flowering is abundant, bright
Chrysanthemum korean	Also works well for indoor and balcony cultivation. The varieties of this species are distinguished by the spherical shape of the flowers.
Chrysanthemum Zembla	It has large (10–12 cm) buds and shoot height. It can be grown both as bushes and as single plants. The color of the flowers can be varied, they often have petals with a greenish tint in the middle. It usually blooms in autumn, the cut branches of the plant stand in a vase for a very long time - about 3 weeks, without losing their decorative characteristics
"Aurora" (variety of Indian chrysanthemum)	Has bright and flat orange blossoms
"Snow Elf" (Indian chrysanthemum variety)	Strong stems of medium height, topped with snow-white double pompom flowers
Minimum	A special type of bush chrysanthemum, suitable for indoor cultivation. A dwarf, branchy plant (maximum 20 cm in height), covered with small cute flowers
"Pink Cascade"	Ampel chrysanthemum is the dream of many flower growers. Cascading shoots, decorated with pink flowers. You can grow this variety in hanging pots and on special stands
"Mix"	It is a common product in stores. These plants can have different colors of flowers. Quite unpretentious, adapts well to home temperature and humidity, blooms for a long time and abundantly

Indoor chrysanthemum: home care

How to make the chrysanthemum show itself in all its glory? This plant doesn't require much. It is enough to pay attention to the place where the pot with it stands, to try to observe the temperature regime and the required humidity. Periodically, you need to remember about timely pruning and transplanting.

Optimal growing conditions

When the plant is in the house, you should decide on the windowsill on which the pot will be placed. For chrysanthemums, the east or west side of the house would be ideal.On the north window, it will lack ultraviolet radiation and is unlikely to bloom under such conditions. In the south, the sun's rays are too aggressive and contribute to a reduction in the flowering period, moisture loss and burns of the green part. Also it is important to consider that the flowering of the culture begins when the duration of daylight hours is from 8 to 10 hours. Therefore, if necessary, it must be closed with a cap made of thick cardboard or a box.

Also read: Dwarf ficus Pumila White Sani: features of indoor cultivation

Beautifully flowering bushes respond well to root dressing using organic fertilizers and balanced mineral complexes. This will ensure the strength of the stems, stimulate the formation and opening of buds. Complex fertilizers produced for flower indoor plants are well suited.

Protection against diseases and pests

To reduce the risk of chrysanthemum damage by diseases and pests, it is enough to properly care for it and periodically inspect the plant. After she got into the house, the flower must be kept "in quarantine" for 3 weeks, that is, in isolation from other plants. Also it is important to maintain the necessary air humidity and earthy coma; strengthen the plant with top dressing and ventilate the room, avoiding drafts.

Features and timing of trimming

Starting from the moment the chrysanthemum is acquired, you need to start forming the bush by pinching the shoots. It is enough to leave 4–6 nodes on each branch. This will promote branching and volume in the plant. You can give the chrysanthemum the desired size and shape.

If the formation of buds does not occur, then the long shoots of the plant are cut off with sharp scissors or pruning shears, while processing the cuts with activated carbon. It will be necessary to shorten the branches even after the end of flowering, when the flowers have just begun to wither: this will help preserve the strength of the plant. All peduncles are cut off, leaving no more than 15 cm of shoots, the pot is transferred to a cool place.

How to transplant a purchased homemade chrysanthemum

Some growers prefer to transplant store-bought chrysanthemums immediately into new soil. It is recommended to do this with all plants brought from abroad, because they are on sale in the transport soil. Others prefer to let the plant bloom.

For transplanting after purchase, you will need to take a pot, the volume of which is slightly larger than the size of the root system, and fill it with a substrate, not forgetting about drainage. It should be remembered that chrysanthemum does not like acidic soils. A mixture of turf soil with peat and humus in equal parts is well suited. For less trauma to the root system, it is recommended to use the transshipment method.

Growing problems

Many who have a chrysanthemum at home are wondering why it does not bloom with the onset of autumn. There may be several reasons:

• lack of sunlight;
• deficiency in nutrients;
• lack of cropping;
• long daylight hours.

To make chrysanthemum bloom, you need to find mistakes in care and fix them.

Another common problem when the plant stretches upward can also be due to poor lighting and inadequate nutrition. We must not forget that chrysanthemum bushes need to be regularly pruned for branching.

The most common diseases of this flower include:

• aspermia caused by the virus (the shape of the flowers changes, the leaves are covered with specks);
• seedlessness, also of a viral nature (a yellow tint appears);
• verticillosis - slow death of a plant due to infection;
• dwarfism caused by a virus;
• mosaic (virus) - the appearance of a characteristic pattern on leaf plates;
• powdery mildew (virus) - the formation of a white bloom;
• ring spot (virus) - the appearance of yellow rings;
• rust (fungus);
• septoria (fungus) - the appearance of brown spots;
• gray rot (fungus) - gray bloom.

Chrysanthemum is also often affected by pests: spider mites, aphids and thrips. Plants that get sick with the virus must be destroyed immediately, as they will die and infect other indoor flowers. Chemicals can be used to treat infections. Special insecticidal products sold in stores cope well with pests.

Caring for a potted chrysanthemum after flowering

When the plant fades, it begins a dormant period. Therefore, all flower stalks must be pruned at the very beginning of wilting. This will allow the chrysanthemum to maintain its strength. Then the pot is transferred to a cool room (you can use an unheated loggia or basement), where the temperature is 3 - 8 ° C, watering is reduced. With the appearance of the spring rays of the sun, the flower is again placed in a warm room, they begin to regularly feed and water it.

Why chrysanthemum in a pot dries (video)

Chrysanthemum is a flowering plant that can be grown on your windowsill. You just need to create suitable conditions for it, depending on the season. This is a flower that has a reduced immunity to diseases, therefore it is necessary to regularly examine it and treat it if necessary. If desired, it is possible to choose an original variety with bright, memorable flowers of various shades.

Luxurious inflorescences in autumn flower beds attract the eye and amaze with a variety of shades. Indoor chrysanthemum in a pot differs from its congeners in the open field in the compact shape of a spherical bush with a height of 20–40 cm. Breeders have bred several hybrids and varieties adapted to the lack of lighting and other indoor conditions.

Houseplants are not small copies of garden forms

"Home" chrysanthemums are not demanding to care, grow well, bloom profusely and multiply easily. In everyday life, it is customary to say "flowers", although the Compositae family has an inflorescence-basket. When buying, you should pay attention to the fact that there is a healthy chrysanthemum in a pot, care at home will then be much easier. A well-developed indoor plant will continue to bloom on the windowsill. Under favorable conditions, the buds can bloom almost without interruption for 2 years.

It should be noted that after independent propagation by cuttings or root suckers, new plants do not turn out to be as compact and dense as those purchased in the store.

Street chrysanthemums are sold in plastic containers. Such flowers are planted in open ground, or left in a container, used for container gardening, patio decoration, house entrance. After flowering, the stems are cut, containers with roots are sent to the basement or loggia for the winter. If street chrysanthemum is kept indoors, its leaves will turn yellow and dry. These plants need fresh air and a certain lighting regime - the night is longer than the day.

Potted Chrysanthemum Varieties

Thanks to the efforts of breeders, geneticists and agrochemists, plants have been bred that can bloom profusely and for a long time in a room. In total, about 40 hybrid varieties of chrysanthemums have been created for indoor cultivation. The inflorescences can be smaller or the same size as those of open field plants. Varieties are often grouped by origin from one natural species.

Chrysanthemum indian

In nature, this is a relatively low herbaceous plant. The leaves are serrated, green-gray in color. The inflorescence is a basket resembling a chamomile with yellow petals and the same core. It is the ancestor of small-flowered hybrids for growing on windowsills and balconies.

The Indian chrysanthemum was crossed with species with white and pink inflorescences. Breeders, using chemicals that affect growth, have obtained compact forms with a height of 20-25 cm.Today there are a large number of different shapes and varieties that feel good in the room and are in high demand. The flower is liked and appreciated for its rich color and long flowering, which is especially attractive in the cold season.

Popular varieties of chrysanthemums in indoor floriculture:

• "Golden Gloria" - dense bushes with many large yellow inflorescences.
• "Old Gold" - plants with petals of an unusual reddish-bronze color.
• "Morifolium" is a variety with large, simple, semi-double and double inflorescences 5 cm in diameter.

Chrysanthemum Chinese or mulberry

A group of varieties and hybrids, for the creation of which several species were used. Plants for indoor floriculture have a compact shape, thin, highly branched stems 20–25 cm high. The leaves are deep green, 7 cm long and 4–5 cm wide. On the upper side of the leaf blade, pinpoint glands are noticeable. Inflorescences of Chinese chrysanthemums are simple, semi-double and double, of various sizes and colors.

Chrysanthemum care at home

They buy a plant in a flower shop or accept it as a gift. In any case, it is necessary to create conditions in the new room so that the buds do not fall off. Planting and caring for a chrysanthemum in a room is different from open ground and a greenhouse.

Lighting, temperature control

Light affects flowering and bud opening. The amount of light is suitable that is provided by placing the pot on the windowsill of plastic or wooden windows facing west and east. The hit of rays at noon can cause burns to the leaves, in this situation it is recommended to shade the plant. A young bush blooms with 6-8 hours of daylight in October or November (depending on the region).

A comfortable temperature for a room chrysanthemum is 18–23 ° С. The variety, more demanding in terms of keeping conditions, reacts to the heat by dropping buds and leaves. It is advisable to spray the plant with water more often in the summer to reduce the temperature. You can leave in front of an open window, the chrysanthemum is not afraid of drafts.

Watering and feeding

The soil in the pot should always be moist. Indoor chrysanthemum prefers frequent irrigation, but not excessive. Stagnant water in a pot can lead to root rot, the spread of fungal and bacterial diseases.

Recommendations for flower growers:

1. The substrate should not be allowed to dry out.
2. In autumn and winter, watered once a week in the morning.
3. Watering in spring and summer is carried out 2 times a week in the evening.
4. In the heat, water is sprayed near indoor plants to reduce the air temperature.
5. Used for watering and spraying the settled water. If it is tough, then white bloom accumulates on the soil surface.
6. Avoid getting drops on flowers.

Profusely blooming chrysanthemums require more frequent fertilization. Liquid dressing is carried out once a week until the end of flowering. It is advisable to use complex fertilizers with the addition of trace elements. Actively growing shoots need nitrogen; during budding and flowering, more potassium and phosphorus are required. The potted plant is fed about 12 hours after watering.

Pruning and shaping the bush

The purchased plant retains its original shape for a long time. If you do not further regulate the growth of shoots, then several long stems appear, which reduces decorativeness.

Recommendations:

• Pinching of rapidly growing shoots is performed. Small-flowered chrysanthemums will need 2 or 3 treatments.
• Large-flowered hybrids can be formed as a tree by shortening the main shoot and cutting off the lower branches.
• Pinching buds that are starting to wither helps to increase the number of new buds.

Pruning is needed if flowering is delayed. Selective pinching of the tops of the flower stalks will ensure the flow of nutrients to the remaining buds.

Plant transplant

Young and old plants need to renew the substrate. They are transferred into a deeper and wider pot once a year - in spring or early summer. The substrate is prepared from garden soil, peat and humus (1: 1: 1). You can use ready-made potting soil.

For chrysanthemums, such indicators as a loose structure, lightness, moisture content and nutritional value of the soil (mechanical composition and fertility) are important.

After transplanting, young offspring are covered with a plastic cup, adult plants - with a plastic bag. Provide diffused lighting at first, do not forget about watering.

Features of care after flowering

After the end of flowering, weak and diseased shoots are removed. Some growers recommend pruning the stems, leaving short areas above the surface of the substrate. After that, the soil is watered and the pot is removed to a cool, dry place until spring.

You can do without radical pruning at the root, leave the chrysanthemum as it was on the windowsill in the room. The third option: to stimulate the growth of shoots and the formation of a compact bush, pruning is done, but the pot is not removed. A strong chrysanthemum in the same season will start up new shoots and bloom.

Reproduction of chrysanthemums at home

Adult chrysanthemums "acquire" root suckers (babies). Young plants can be grown from these additional shoots. Root offspring are carefully separated from the mother bush, planted in small containers. It is necessary to keep the depth of the plant at the same level. To do this, increase the height of the drainage layer or place the roots higher. Cover the seedlings with a plastic cup. In the autumn of the same year, young plants will bloom.

Rooting stem cuttings:

1. Young shoots are cut from an adult plant.
2. Fill a clear plastic cookie or cake container with well-rinsed sand.
3. Cuttings are planted, covered with a lid from the container.
4. After the formation of roots and the appearance of new leaves, young plants are transplanted into a pot.

Chrysanthemums are difficult to grow from seeds. Hybrid varieties are often sterile. Usually, during seed propagation of chrysanthemums, varietal characteristics are not preserved.

The main problems when growing a plant

Why do the leaves turn yellow?

Chrysanthemum leaves change color due to improper care and diseases. Yellowing may be due to a lack of light, water, hot air from the radiator. The appearance of spots of a grayish-yellow or brown color with a yellow border is a sign of a fungal infection. If yellowing is associated with poor care, then it is easier to correct this deficiency than to cure plant diseases.

Chrysanthemum does not bloom - why?

Typical reasons for the lack of buds and flowers are lack or excess of lighting. Chrysanthemum is a short day plant. If there is artificial lighting in the room in the morning and in the evening, then biorhythms go astray. Another reason is associated with the rapid growth of stems and leaves, which happens when there is an excess of fertilizing and no pruning.

Diseases and pests of indoor chrysanthemum

The plant is prone to rust, powdery mildew, gray and black rot. For these fungal infections, they are treated with fungicides for indoor plants. Chrysanthemum is damaged by aphids, black midges sciarids, soil mites, springtails. The leaves are treated with a solution of the drug Aktellik, Fitoverm or Bazudin. For spraying, the flowers are taken out to the balcony. Window sills, window frames are washed with a solution of soda and soap.

After the death of the pests, the top layer of the soil in the pot is changed to a depth of 2 cm. It is recommended to carefully consider the choice of the substrate. Typically, pathogens and plant pests are found in the land brought from the garden and vegetable garden.

It is very important to isolate the affected plant from the rest of the green pets in the room, and to carry out pest and disease control in a timely manner.Then the chrysanthemums will remain healthy, will delight with flowering for a long time.

 

Surely you know how chrysanthemums bloom. These incredibly beautiful, delicate and colorful flowers delight the eye for gardeners and summer residents. Chrysanthemums can be red, purple, yellow, pink, white. But what if you don't have a piece of land where you could grow this miracle? No need to despair, chrysanthemum can be grown in a pot, right on your windowsill.

Garden chrysanthemum in a pot

Many novice gardeners are surprised, is it possible to grow a garden chrysanthemum in a pot? After all, a real chrysanthemum is large enough, its stem reaches more than a meter in length. The fact is that for growing chrysanthemums, only dwarf varieties are chosen that do not grow, but are formed by shrubs. Along with this, such chrysanthemums are processed with retardants. These are agents that retard the growth of the plant in length. Thanks to this processing, the chrysanthemum grows in width, that is, it forms a lush luxurious bush. In addition, do not be afraid to cut the stem of the chrysanthemum before the buds appear. This is done in order to suppress the growth of a tall stem and form a bush from the plant. But before that, you need to figure out in detail how to grow a chrysanthemum from scratch in a pot.

Planting chrysanthemums

1. Chrysanthemum is planted and transplanted in early spring, when the plant is still dormant. For planting chrysanthemums, you can take a sprout from the garden, that is, plant the most ordinary chrysanthemum in a pot. You can transplant the plant that you removed for the "wintering" into a new pot. If you want to grow chrysanthemum seeds, you will need to first grow the seedlings in greenhouse conditions.
2. Chrysanthemum reproduces well by cutting and dividing the bush. The latter method is the most acceptable, since in the presence of its own roots, the chrysanthemum takes root almost always.
3. To grow chrysanthemums, you need to take nutritious soil with sufficient air permeability. At the bottom of the pot, you need to lay out drainage - expanded clay pebbles or brick shards. Four parts of garden soil should be mixed with one part of chicken or cow dung, one part of sand and four parts of turf. This substrate is placed in a pot and the chrysanthemum is planted so that its roots are completely in the soil.
4. If you are replanting an adult chrysanthemum, note that the new pot should be large. In the first 3-4 years, the chrysanthemum should be transplanted every year, after which the transplant may be more rare.
5. As soon as you "settled" the plant in a new place, it should be placed in the open air - a balcony, a loggia, a window sill on the outside of the window. But only if the outside temperature has already stabilized.

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How to care for a potted chrysanthemum

Despite the fact that a potted chrysanthemum is still the same garden flower, caring for it is slightly different from the classic one.

1. Watering. Chrysanthemum loves water and you need to water the plant 2-3 times a week, depending on the amount and intensity of sunlight. Chrysanthemum does not tolerate drying out, it immediately dies from this. It is best to water the flower when the top of the soil dries up. In winter, the intensity of watering is significantly reduced. If you are storing chrysanthemums at low temperatures, watering the plant once a month is sufficient. Excessive watering of chrysanthemums at any time of the year can lead to root rot. In the summer, you can spray the flower a couple of times a week - this makes it grow better.
2. Temperature. Chrysanthemum is a rather non-capricious plant, it calmly survives temperature changes. However, it blooms and develops best in summer at a temperature of 22-24 degrees. The optimum winter temperature is 6-8 degrees.The plant can survive minor frosts down to -3 degrees.
3. Illumination. When choosing a place for your flower, it is very important to find a natural balance. If you put the chrysanthemum in direct sunlight, the plant will dry out and the flowers will bloom too quickly. If you put the plant on the north side, the buds may simply not open. The best choice is the east and west windows, that is, places where the sun's rays hit the flower in the morning or evening. Chrysanthemum blooms in autumn, when daylight hours are short, 8-10 hours. Some experienced growers create an artificial environment by making the chrysanthemum bloom. That is, every day the plant is covered with a dark cap, imitating the night. So you can achieve the repeated flowering of the chrysanthemum in a year.
4. Top dressing. Chrysanthemum should be fertilized no earlier than two weeks after transplanting. If you added droppings to the substrate, then the chrysanthemum does not need feeding for about two more months. In general, the flower needs to be fertilized only in spring, summer and autumn, when the chrysanthemum is actively growing and blooming. In winter, feeding is stopped. Plants need to be fertilized with compounds containing nitrogen and phosphorus.
5. Flower shaping. Often in flower shops they sell incredibly beautiful chrysanthemums in the form of a blooming ball. To achieve such a figure, the chrysanthemum needs to be shaped in time. To do this, you need to pinch the plant in those places where it goes beyond the figure. This not only shapes the appearance of the future flower, but also increases the number of young shoots on the pinched off branch. Usually, in the spring-summer period, two or three moldings are enough.
6. Wintering. When the chrysanthemum has faded, it must be properly sent for the winter so that next spring it will delight you with young green shoots. For this, all faded buds, dry leaves and stems must be cut off. Cuttings of no more than 10-15 cm in height should remain from the plant. After that, the flower, together with the pot, should be placed in a cool room - entrance, basement, garage. Chrysanthemum for the winter can be transplanted into open ground. To do this, the plant is dug up together with the root system, planted in the soil, sprinkled with dry earth and leaves. However, this does not guarantee that the flower will survive. In the spring, when the first young leaves appear, the flower can be planted back into the pot.

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Why chrysanthemum does not bloom

Chrysanthemum blooms almost always. But if in the fall, with a decrease in daylight hours, the plant did not please you with flowering, then the care was wrong. Pay attention to the lighting. The chrysanthemum will not bloom if the sun is not enough for it. Also, the plant will not delight you with flowering if you have not fed it - the plant does not bloom in poor soil with a lack of phosphorus and potassium.

It is important to note that the last stop should be in the summer. If you pinch a chrysanthemum late, chances are that you are cutting off the branches that were supposed to bud. Do not delay molding, and if you did not have time to do this in the summer, do not touch the chrysanthemum, so as not to lose its flowering at all.

What is chrysanthemum sick

Like other house flowers, chrysanthemums can be susceptible to disease and pests. Most often, spider mites can be found on chrysanthemum bushes. You can easily understand about its presence by a thin and sticky web. In this case, immediate treatment is needed. The easiest way is to wipe it with soap. Dissolve a soapy solution in warm water and gently wipe all the leaves and stems of the plant with it. After that, rinse the indoor flower under the shower, choosing light jets so that the water does not damage the bush.

If you notice a gray bloom on your chrysanthemums, it means that the plant is sick with powdery mildew. This is one of the most common ailments. In this case, a fungicide, which is sold in flower shops, will help.The chemical composition is diluted in water according to the instructions, and then sprayed onto the plant. Usually one treatment is sufficient. Powdery mildew attacks the flower in high humidity. After processing, the pot should be moved to a drier room.

If the edges of the leaves of the chrysanthemum have become brown, and there is an ash deposit on the stems, it means that the plant is sick with gray rot. Here you will need a foundation treatment. But if the indoor air is too dry, the plant can infect a spider mite. It is exterminated with an alcoholic tincture of garlic.

Chrysanthemum is an amazing autumn flower. He plays with colors, delighting his owners with various shades. Proper and competent care will allow you to grow this riot of colors at home on your own.

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Video: we grow chrysanthemums at home